Economic Thoughts on Poverty Alleviation (Part 2) (original) (raw)
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Journal of Ecological Society, 2015
This essay is focused on an important subject discussed all over the country and the world, especially in political circles and among policymakers. There is a need established that to be able to pull individuals and communities out of poverty, we need that, meaningful employment is generated for a very large number of people. World over, certain approaches have been used by the policy makers which seem to increase the divide between the haves and have-nots. The policy of industrialization is leading nations into widening the gap between rich and the poor. It is also creating undesirable side effects by way of ‘pollution’ and depletion of resources at an ever increasing pace. This situation leads to the author’s belief that something is not right. Such policies will not lead to sustainable livelihoods for masses. Hence this attempt to explore alternative policies, which could provide a viable approach to alleviating poverty. Poverty alleviation is indeed a noble goal. All of us must ...
Part IV : Critical Policy Issues 229 12 On the Political Economy of Poverty Alleviation 231
2007
1 Multidimensional Poverty: Conceptual and Measurement Issues 3 Erik Thorbecke 2 Measuring Poverty: The Case for a Sociological Approach 20 David B. Grusky and Kim A. Weeden 3 Poverty Counts: Living with Poverty and Poverty Measures 36 Sara Berry 4 The Multidimensionality of Poverty: An Institutionalist Perspective 52 Alice Sindzingre 5 The Subjective Dimension of Poverty: A Psychological Viewpoint 75 Joaquina Palomar Lever
Poverty alleviation and the Third World
Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 2001
Poverty, a global issue, plaguing developed as well as developing nations, has become the focus of economists since early 1950s. During the last two decades, this issue has received enormous worldwide attention and various international organizations have issued their findings regarding reasons of poverty and possible remedies to its reduction and/or eradication in the world. One of the components of poverty, however, has not received due attention. This paper attempts to point out basic flaws in traditional methods used in poverty alleviation and focus on the role of the political economy and the transfers of wealth from the rich to the poor. It is imperative that the institutional framework and the policies designed by the government must be for the development of the poor and that the standard of living must be raised for the people living at the absolute poverty level in both developed and developing nations. If the issue of poverty is not checked and remedial measures are not taken the catastrophic effects would be far reaching and non-reversible.
Poverty as a transient reality in a globalised world: an economic choice
Purpose – Poverty is indeed a terrible monster confronting humanity today. It is alarming and, indeed, not without despair to note that 22,000 children under five die every day as a result of poverty. Thus, in a calendar year, more than eight million children do not progress past the age of five years. One of the world’s worst atrocities, which has endured in the minds and hearts of humanity, was the Holocaust, in which six million people were murdered. It continues to be viewed with indignation and revulsion. Bizarrely, the deaths of eight million innocents pass without notice, without indignation and revulsion, and with very few tears being shed. Does this mean that in maybe 50 years from now, we will be condemned as mass murderers, and mentioned in the same context as Hitler’s murderers? It is necessary to take note of this. It is necessary to consider our own personal position vis-a` -vis this reality and take moral decisions. This paper aims to address this issue. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is a meta-analysis, which relied on secondary sources of information. It is a qualitative study which is based on conceptual analysis, theory building, and the emic perspective (authors’ viewpoint). Findings – Humanity is entrusted with the wellbeing and survival of our planet and its inhabitants, and we have definitive custodian responsibilities to exercise. In the final analysis, the hallmark of a successful life is the ability to say: I have left this earth a better place than when I arrived. If poverty is left unchecked, will we be able to make that statement with a clear and untroubled conscience? Social implications – There is indeed a solution to global poverty. In order to reach this desired state of affairs, there is just one requirement: international commitment and willingness to change the current status quo. This is not negotiable, but a necessary and sufficient ingredient for change. The rest is detail and can be achieved through a process of hard work, involvement, and essentially, empathy. Originality/value – This paper is valuable because it confronts one of the disgusting issues affecting humankind today – poverty. Poverty cannot be eradicated if we stand akimbo watching without addressing it. This piece of treatise is an effort by the authors to address it, and proffer possible ways to tackle the malady.
The Political Economy of Poverty Alleviation
Poverty is not a new phenomena, however the increasing rates and visibility of poverty, not only in rural areas, but also in the heart of urban cities make it onto the emerging agenda of states, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and international organizations as well. Meanwhile, poverty-alleviation programs, conducted by different actors, become the new means of a -noble‖ end-eradicating poverty. They have grown and diversified to meet the needs of poor people. Therefore, this course has two goals: 1-to understand how the political and institutional context affect -fighting against poverty‖. 2-to examine the impacts of poverty-relief strategies on political participation of poor people, especially in terms of clientelism, citizenship and their social inclusion/exclusion into the society. We will precede in four steps: First, we are going to go over conceptualization of poverty, debates about the measurement of the concept, and problematizing poverty related to portrayal of development as -westernization‖. The history of political economy of neoliberal transition and its impacts on conceptualization of poverty is also provided to complement these debates. The second part will cover institutional context of -governing‖ poverty within the broader framework of how different political actors-such as states, NGOs, World Bank, etc.-take part in making/pushing policy reforms, allocating/implementing these projects targeting the poor in developing countries. We will also deal with more specific questions such as the relation between different political regimes and their impact on poverty alleviation and development. Are democracies better fighting at poverty? Do institutions, geography, history has a say in explaining variation in poverty around the developing world? In the third part, we will investigate politics of poverty alleviation in terms of clientelism and citizenship. The role of electoral incentives in promoting poverty alleviation projects and its consequences on the ways of poor people' participation into politics will be discussed. Finally, the last part will be devoted to review case studies, large-N studies and ethnographic accounts of poverty through the poor people' experiences. Empirical evidences will be drawn from recent experiments in the Global South--Latin America, Middle East, Africa and South Asia.
A Proposal on what constitutes a Realistic Poverty Reduction Strategy
2020
UiO International Development Studies Final Essay. Social inequality has always existed. And though it has been argued that this is a chicken-egg dilemma, poverty has been both a consequence and a cause of multiple and diverse inequalities in the whole world. Many negative consequences come from poverty for countries, regarding social justice and, above all, fulfillment of human rights. Consequently, many strategies have been designed and implemented, by and from national and international powers in order to try to diminish and finally, end, this phenomenon. This essay will define poverty in the context of development, it will describe briefly the trends of both national and international policies for reducing this phenomenon and it will be argued that most of this strategies are targeting the consequences after poverty, rather than, its causes. Therefore it will be proposed to address the causes underneath poverty not only to understand it, but also to have better opportunities to reduce it.