Biosynthesis of silver and silver chloride nanoparticles by Parachlorella kessleri SAG 211-11 and evaluation of its nematicidal potential against the root-knot nematode; Meloidogyne incognita (original) (raw)
Related papers
Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 2017
Current study investigated the nematicidal activity of leaf extracts of Conyza dioscoridis, Melia azedarach, and Moringa oleifera that were prepared as silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP). The characterisation and size confirmation of the Ag-NP were done by UV-vis spectrophotometry and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The phytochemical contents of crude extracts and the nano formulations were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results revealed that silver nanoparticles of C. dioscoridis extractives had great nematicidal activity against the 2 nd stage juvenile (J2) and eggs of Meloidogyne incognita. Also, the Ag-NP showed similar nematicidal effect to the reference nematicide; rugby. The GC-MS analysis revealed the increase of certain metabolites due to the formulation of the Ag-NPs. Aromadendrene, 1-hydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-4-isopropyl-2,7cyclodecdiene, 6-epi-shyobunol, 4-hexylacetophenone, β-isocomene, caryophyllene, β-and α-selinene, α-cadinol, berkheyaradulen, and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate were increased more than 2.5-folds in the Ag-NP compared the extract. Therefore, the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles might be a safe, effective and affordable nematicide alternatives.
In vitro effectiveness of silver nanoparticles against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)
Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2019
As the use of nematicides is becoming prohibitive in many countries due to their detrimental consequences, the management of plant parasitic nematodes using nanoparticles can be one of the important alternatives. In the present study, the nematicidal activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was investigated against the most destructive root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). The maximum mortality of juveniles was recorded at a concentration of 100 mg/ml followed by 75 mg/ml of AgNP. The minimum mortality was recorded with 25 mg/ml of AgNP. With the increase in concentration, there was a corresponding increase in the mortality of juveniles showing a direct relationship between mortality and concentration of nanoparticles. The effect of time on mortality was also found significant. With the increase in time, there was a corresponding increase in mortality and the relationship was found to be directly proportional. Similarly, the maximum hatching inhibition of M. incognita eggs was recorded at a concentration of 100 mg/ml of nanoparticles followed by 75 mg/ml of AgNP. The minimum inhibition was recorded with 25 mg/ml of AgNP. It was found that with the an increase in concentration, there was a corresponding increase in hatching inhibition showing direct relationship between hatching inhibition and concentrations of the nanoparticles. Similarly, the maximum hatching inhibitions were recorded after 6 th day followed by 5 th day. The hatching inhibition was found directly proportional to time duration as it increased with an increase in number of days. It is concluded from the present study that AgNP possess nematicidal activity against root-knot nematodes and can act as an alternative to high-risk synthetic nematicides or inconsistent biological control agents without causing any phytotoxicity.
iris Publishers LLC, 2019
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are incredibly damaging pests, which cause significant losses in crop yields worldwide. One of the most prevalent PPNs is the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) ranks number one on the most economically devastating list of pests and thus scientifically important PPNs. Recently, the use of chemical nematicides for root-knot nematode management has decreased due to governmental restrictions; which necessitates the development and identification of alternative pest management procedures. In this study, we evaluated the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a potential biopesticide under in-vitro conditions. AgNPs were synthesized utilizing a naturally occurring biopolymer (chitosan) as a reducing agent through microwave irradiation. When J2-stage nematodes were exposed to 0.0005 μg of AgNPs for 1 min, significant mortality (P ≤ 0.01) was observed and approximately 100% of nematodes became inactive within 24 and 48 hrs. Our preliminary study has demonstrated a potential environmentally friendly alternative for the management of the root-knot nematodes.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology, 2016
In this investigation, silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were evaluated as a nematicidal substance in laboratory and screenhouse experiments. Second infective juveniles (IJ2) of Meloidogyne incognita were exposed to AgNP in water at with the consternations of 20, 40, 200, 500, and 1500 ppm/ml. the concentration of 200 ppm caused 52% mortality at the third day, while 500 ppm caused 51% mortality after one day and 64%, 82% after the second and the final day, respectively. The most effective concentration was 1500 ppm which caused 89%, 93, and 96.5 %, respectively. In the screen house experiment, all the concentrations of AgNP inhibited the nematode growth (gall and egg formation and final population) and eggs hatchability. However the high concentrations of 200 ppm, 500 ppm, and 1500 ppm were more significant in their effect. The application of AgNP didn't show toxic effect on the plant growth or the free living nematodes. It can be concluded that, the laboratory assays to the nematicidal effect of AgNP, and the screenhouse evaluation demonstrated that, its nano silver may be a more safety alternative method to control root knot nematodes.
2021
This study aimed to evaluate the nematicidal activity of two marine algae (Colpomenia sinuosa and Corallina mediterranea) extracts and their synthesized silver nanoparticles against the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infecting tomato plant. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) showed that the obtained nanoparticles were aggregated in anisotropic Ag particles. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), results showed the particles size was less than 40 nm. Whenever, FT-IR analysis spectrum presented sharp absorbance between 440 and 4000 cm-1 for the obtained nanoparticles, with 13 distinct peaks ranged from 3915 − 474.Both of methylene chloride extract and its synthesized green silver nanoparticles were applied against the M. incognita. The results indicated that the synthesized silver nanoparticles of C. sinuosa exhibited the highest nematicidal activity. Besides, they reduced number of nematode galls, number of egg-masses per root and eggs/egg mass, as well as growth paramet...
Scientific Reports
The purpose of this study was to test the nematicidal activity of extracts of two marine algae (Colpomenia sinuosa and Corallina mediterranea) and their synthesized silver nanoparticles against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) that infest tomato plants. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that nanoparticles had aggregated into anisotropic Ag particles, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the particle sizes were less than 40 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis revealed that the obtained nanoparticles had a sharp absorbance between 440 and 4000 cm−1, with 13 distinct peaks ranging from 474 to 3915 cm−1. Methylene chloride extracts and nanoparticles synthesized from both algae species were used to treat M. incognita. C. sinuosa nanoparticles had the highest nematicidal activity of any treatment. Furthermore, and in contrast to other treatments, C. sinuosa nanoparticles reduced the number of nematode galls, egg-masses per ...
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Background Cyanobacterium-based silver nanoparticles are considered not only as an efficient nano-nematicide but also as a bio-stimulant material for plant growth. They could be employed as a part of an integrated program for controlling some plant diseases. Results In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were biosynthesized from aqueous extract of the cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. PCC7524. Full characterization of the biosynthesized Ag-NPs was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern, Zeta sizer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In vitro assay against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica showed that Ag-NPs significantly decreased egg hatching of M. javanica at different applied concentrations (3, 6, 12, 25, and 50%, v/v). Fifty percent of Ag-NPs induced the highest reduction percent (94.66%). Moreover, Ag-NPs and AgNO3 significantly increased the percentages of larval mortality of the second-stage juveniles (...
Journal of Agricultural Science, 2018
Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita is the most economically important plant parasitic nematode species that cause serious damage to most agricultural crops including tomato worldwide. Nematicides do not provide long-term suppression of root-knot nematodes, and environmental and human health concerns are resulting in increased restrictions on their use. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mM as a potential nematicide on M. incognita infecting tomato. AgNP was biologically and chemically synthesized by a reaction of silver nitrate with ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizomes aqueous extract and sodium borohydride, respectively. Results indicated that application of AgNPs improved plant growth and reduced nematode infection in comparison to silver nitrate and control treatments. The highest increment of fresh weight as well as the lowest numbers of galls and egg-masses was obtained when t...
Journal of Applied Phycology, 2016
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) represent a deadly threat for millions of humans and animals worldwide. Seaweeds are an important resource for marine biotechnology and are currently investigated as sources of reducing and capping agents for the nanosynthesis of mosquitocides. Culex quinquefasciatus is a major vector of lymphatic filariasis, while chironomid midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) elicit allergic reactions. In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were biosynthesized using a cheap aqueous extract of Gracilaria edulis as reducing and stabilizing agent. The formation of AgNP was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. AgNP were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. AgNP were mostly spherical and cubic in shape, crystalline in nature. Gracilaria edulis-synthesized AgNP showed excellent ovicidal, larvicidal, pupicidal, and ovideterrent toxicity against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Chironomus circumdatus. Larvicidal LC 50 ranged from 17 to 29 ppm. AgNP of 30 ppm led to 100 % mortality in treated eggs. Doses higher than 10 ppm lead to oviposition deterrence rates higher than 75 % (Oviposition Activity Index lower than −0.59). In the field, a single application of AgNP (10 × LC 50) led to elimination of larval populations of Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ch. circumdatus within 72 h. Overall, G. edulis-synthesized AgNP may be potential candidates to develop eco-friendly control tools against Diptera of medical and veterinary importance.
Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles of Extractives of Artemisia Judaica Against Root-Knot Nematode
Journal of Environmental Studies and Researches
G reen synthesis of the nanoparticles is a novel technology that effectively uses the plants' crude extracts as safe and eco-friendly pesticide alternatives. The current study investigated the nematicidal activity of leave extracts of Artemisia judaica and their silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP). Characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was done using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the phytochemical contents of extracts and the Ag-NP formulations were characterized by the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results revealed that Ag-NP formulations were more toxic to the second juvenile (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita than the corresponding crude extracts. The inhibitory effects of all extractives on the egg and larval stages of the nematode were concentration dependent. The plant extracts synthesized in the form of silver nanoparticle showed comparable nematicidal activity against M. incognita to the recommended nematicide; rugby. The GC-MS analysis revealed the increase of certain secondary metabolites in the Ag-nano formulation, such as 4-(2',4',4'-trimethyl-yciclo[4.1.0]hept-2'-en-3'-yl)-3-buten-2one, berkheyaradulene, caryophyllene, humulene, and allooaromadendrene were increased more than 20-30 folds. Silver nanoparticles of natural extracts might be considered as a suitable methodology to produce safe, effective and affordable nematicide alternatives.