A Novel Analysis via Micro-CT Imaging Indicates That Chemically Modified Tetracycline-3 (CMT-3) Inhibits Tooth Relapse after Orthodontic Movement: A Pilot Experimental Study (original) (raw)
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Effect of local administration of simvastatin on orthodontic tooth movement in rabbits
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2019
Posttreatment relapse is a major challenging clinical issue. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of local administration of simvastatin on posttreatment relapse. Methods: Orthodontic tooth movement was induced in 10 white New Zealand rabbits. After 21 days of active tooth movement, the orthodontic appliances were removed, and the experimental teeth were allowed to relapse for 21 days. During the relapse phase, 1 mandibular quadrant received local simvastatin administration, and the other received the control vehicle solution on a weekly basis. Three-dimensional models of the experimental teeth were created to allow the measurement of experimental tooth movement and posttreatment relapse. The animals were killed at the end of the relapse phase for histomorphometric analysis of alveolar bone remodeling. Results: The mean relapse percentages were 75.83% in the quadrant receiving the control vehicle solution and 62.01% in the quadrant receiving simvastatin. Neither the relapse magnitude nor the relapse percentage showed a significant difference between the 2 quadrants. Histomorphometric analyses showed that local simvastatin administration yielded a significant reduction in the area of active bone-resorptive lacunae and a significant increase in newly formed bone area. Conclusions: Although local administration of simvastatin aids in bone remodeling associated with posttreatment relapse by reducing the area of active bone resorption and upregulating bone formation, it did not significantly minimize posttreatment relapse.
The rate and the type of orthodontic tooth movement is influenced by bone turnover in a rat model
The European Journal of Orthodontics, 2000
The influence of bone metabolism on both the rate and the type of orthodontic tooth movement was investigated. A rat model in which high (n = 16) and low (n = 17) bone turnover was pharmacologically induced was used. A non-pharmacologically treated group (n = 19) served as the control. A mesially directed constant single force of 25 cN was applied to the upper left first molar for a period of 3 weeks. The study was performed as a splitmouth design, the contralateral side of each animal serving as its control. The displacement of the molar crown was measured with an electronic calliper, while changes in inclination of the teeth were measured from micro-CT scans of the excised maxillae. The bone turnover significantly affected the rate of tooth movement. In the case of high turnover, the rate of tooth movement was increased while it was reduced in the case of low turnover. A controlled mesial tipping in all three groups was observed, but the actual location of the centre of rotation seemed to be influenced by the metabolic state of the bone. Based on the results it can be concluded that deviations in bone turnover influence the response to orthodontic forces, and should be taken into consideration when planning orthodontic treatment in patients with metabolic bone disease or those on chronic medication influencing bone metabolism.
Effect of atorvastatin on orthodontic tooth movement in male wistar rats
Journal of dentistry (Tehran, Iran), 2013
Statins are used as cholesterol-lowering drugs by many patients and have been recently shown to affect bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of atorvastatinon on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats. Thirty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups of 12 samples each. Group A, served as control with no medication while groups B and C received a daily gavage of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as vehicle and atorvastatin (5 mg/kg) as test substance, respectively. In all three groups, 6mm nickel-titanium closed-coil springs were ligated between the maxillary incisors and first left molars to deliver an initial force of 60g. Tooth movement was measured following sacrifice, 21 days after appliance insertion. Root resorption, PDL width and osteoclast number were histologically evaluated and compared between the groups. The mean amount of tooth movement was 0.62 mm in group A, 0.59 mm in group B and 0.38 mm in group C. OTM red...
Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger, 2013
Rat models currently available for analysis of orthodontic tooth movement often lack differentiated, reliable and precise measurement systems allowing researchers to separately investigate the individual contribution of tooth tipping, body translation and root torque to overall displacement. Many previously proposed models have serious limitations such as the rather inaccurate analysis of the effects of orthodontic forces on rat incisors. We therefore developed a differentiated measurement system that was used within a rat model with the aim of overcoming the limitations of previous studies.
A Novel Method to Quantify Longitudinal Orthodontic Bone Changes with In Vivo Micro-CT Data
Journal of healthcare engineering, 2018
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is the result of region-specific bone modeling under a load. Quantification of this change in the alveolar bone around a tooth is a basic requirement to understand the mechanism of orthodontics. The purpose of this study was to quantify subregional alveolar bone changes during orthodontic tooth movement with a novel method. In this study, 12 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used as an orthodontic model, and one side of the first upper molar was used to simulate OTM. The alveolar bone around the mesial root was reconstructed from in vivo micro-CT images and separated from other parts of the alveolar bone with two semicylinder filters. The amount and rate of OTM, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone volume (BV) around the root were calculated and compared at 5 time points. The results showed that the amount of tooth movement, BMD, and BV can be evaluated dynamically with this method. The molar moved fastest during the first 3 days, and the rate decreased ...
The Angle Orthodontist, 2009
Objective: To investigate the precise longitudinal change in the periodontal ligament (PDL) space width and three-dimensional tooth movement with continuous-force magnitudes in living rats. Materials and Methods: Using nickel-titanium closed-coil springs for 28 days, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-g mesial force was applied to the maxillary left first molars. Micro-CT was taken in the same rat at 0, 1, 2, 3, 10, 14, and 28 days. The width of the PDL was measured in the pressure and tension sides from 0 to 3 days. Angular and linear measurements were used to evaluate molar position at day 0, 10, 14, and 28. The finite element model (FEM) was constructed to evaluate the initial stress distribution, molar displacement, and center of rotation of the molar. Results: The initial evaluation of PDL width showed no statistical differences among different force magnitudes. Tooth movement was registered 1 hour after force application and gradually increased with time. From day 10, greater tooth moveme...
Effect of cyclosporine-A on orthodontic tooth movement in rats
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research, 2011
Setting and Sample Population-This is a randomized controlled trial with a splitmouth design in Sprague-Dawley rats. Material and Methods-Eighteen rats, divided at random in two groups, were fed with 8 mg ⁄ kg CsA (experiment) or mineral oil (control) daily after initial healing of bilateral maxillary second molar removal. All rats received orthodontic coil springs (10 cN) secured to the maxillary incisors and first molars at the rights side, while no springs were placed at the left. Distances between first and third molars were measured on days 0, 3, 6, and 12. After sacrificing on day 12, the alveolar ridges of the maxillae were sectioned and blood samples were collected for serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-5b level detection and for histology, respectively. Results-Significantly larger changes in intermolar distances were found after orthodontic force application in the CsA group at days 3 and 12 when compared with the control group. The inter-radicular dental alveolus of CSA-fed rats was osteopenic. Significantly increased TRAP-5b serum level was noted in the CsA group when compared with the control group. Conclusions-We suggest that CsA enhanced the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. The osteopenia and the increased osteoclastic activity could be the underlying factors.