Water Quality and Nutrient Aspects in Recirculating Aquaponic Production of the Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the Lettuce, Lactuca sativa (original) (raw)
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The International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review, 2008
The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and plant to different levels of inorganic fertilizer in an artificial integrated production system. The growth comparison of lettuce and Chinese cabbage in different culture media illustrated that Chinese cabbage is more sensitive to nutrient deficiency and lettuce performed better growth (quality and quantity) compared to the Chinese cabbage in lower concentration of nutrients. In this study, 0.1 EC culture media showed better performance in M. rosenbergii production followed by 0.5 EC treatment. The overall results illustrated that potassium (P), ammonia (NH3) and copper (Cu) toxicities inhibited growth of freshwater prawn (M. rosenbergii) in high level supplemental chemical fertilizer (>0.5 EC mS/cm). Meanwhile, the sufficient quantities of some essential nutrients for lettuce and Chinese cabbage can not be obtained from wastewater of prawn culture system.
Recirculating aquaponic ( Oreochromis niloticus ( Macrobrachium productivity of
A study on the productivity of lettuce (pac choi (Brassica rapa) in a recirculating aquaponics system and fresh water prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii environment. The system was effectively designed by following the "one water lifted by a 40-watt submersible pump from 250-L fish tank, the highest portion, allowing the flow of water by gravity along the 2.44 m x 4.88 m raceway and the over-sized return pipes in a closed loop. Hydroponically germinated seedlings in rock wool received foliar fertilizer daily for 12 days and were transplanted days after stocking 22 kg of mixedwater depth to permit rafts to float. Fish were fed ad libitum with commercial feeds while excess feeds entered the raceway for the prawn to scavenge. Environmental conditions were maintained and water quality parameters were monitored in a compromise between the ideal requirements of fish, prawn and vegetables including the beneficial bacteria throughout the108 vegetables and one for tilapia and prawn were gathered after the two 35 vegetables. Another similar system without prawn was installed as control and received the same cultural management from where si quality for tilapia, prawn and nitrifying bacteria with average saturation and 21 ͦ C temperature. A pH of 7.1 ppm were provided in the system with prawns while 7.4 solids in the control. However, the low concentration of nutrients crop requirement, triggered the vegetables to exhibit nutrient deficiencies. Results uncovered that the stocking density of tilapia and the ratio of the aquaculture to the hydroponic components were inappropriate which limited the system to accumulate and increase the concentration of nu thereby causing chlorosis and necrosis system with prawns has higher nutrient content that vegetables demonstrated significantly better growth and yield than in the control diversify the system thus improving yield. Among the three vegetables, and yield, followed by Chinese cabbage and lettuce. Tilapia also has higher gain in weight and better feed conversion ratio in the system with prawns. Prawns, likewise, has 6.42 g weight gain and 71 per cent survival rate. It was also confirmed that stocking density and component ratio were critical factors in designing aquaponic system.
Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 2019
Effects of supplementary nutrient in the production of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp) and Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var longifolia) evaluated in a representative water recirculating aquaculture system. The nutrient solution supplemented was 25% level of (L25) nutrient solution as medium used for aquaponic production of lettuce in the NFT system (based on cooper's formula). Thus, a completely randomized experimental design conducted with two treatments in triplicates (Pl 25 and PL 0). Six black rectangular tanks (114 x 86 x 100cm) used as fish culture tanks and each one equipped with three hydroponic troughs. Each tank filled with 640 L of water and aerated continuously with two circular air stones (3 L min-1) during the experiment. The system was efficiently able to remove high rate of total ammonia-nitrogen (TAN) excreted by fish during the experiment. The fish attained marketable size (200g) during a 110-day period. Nutrient supply had not significant effects (p>0.05) on growth of fish during experimental period. The yields (Biomass/tank) of fish in treatments PL25 and Pl 0 were 9.97 and 9.26 kg / tank, respectively. Three times cultivation and harvest of lettuce carried out during the experimental period. At the first harvest, the yield (mean wet weight) of lettuce showed significant (p<0.05) differences between treatments, 1437g and 85 g in treatments PL25 and Pl 0, respectively. In the second and third lettuce harvests, the yield of lettuce did not show any significant differences (p>0.05) and averaged 2112 and 1419 (Second harvest) and 1173 and 807 (Third harvest) for treatments PL25 and PL0, respectively. It was recorded that red tilapia could tolerate 25% of nutrient solution, used for aquaponic production of lettuce, and introduction of nutrient solution to the culture system is necessary to get higher yield of lettuce at initiation of culture system.
Transactions on Science and Technology, 2019
This study was assessed to determine the effect of flow rate on growth performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Phaseolus vulgaris, and the water quality (concentration of nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and ammonia) in aquaponics system. The flow rates were 0.6 L/min, 1.6 L/min, 2.6 L/min and 3.6 L/min. In water inlet, the total mean concentration of nitrite at 0.6 L/min was slightly higher than other treatments. As for the water outlet, the total mean concentration of nitrite at 3.6 L/min was lower than others. Besides, the growth performances of plant which was flower and fruit present were slightly different. The best growth performance in Phaseolus vulgaris was at flow rate 0.6 L/min. The result analyzed by One-way Anova showed that there were no significant differences between water quality and growth performance of shrimp and plants at different flow rates in aquaponics system. Due to that, the design of aquaponics system at different flow rate was able to treat the prawn was...
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 8 (2): 47-53
A six month’s experiment was carried out in earthen ponds to evaluate the effect of micro and macro nutrients on the growth performance of Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) in a polyculture system during July to December 2017. The trial was conducted into two different treatments and one control each with three replications. In treatment-1, macronutrients enrich fertilizers like urea, TSP and molasses-yeast mixture were applied at the rate of 2.45, 2.45, and 3.09 (g m-2 week-1), whereas in treatment-2 micronutrients composition mixer applied at the rate of 4.50 g m-2 week-1 while no micro and macronutrients were applied in control. The mean value of all water quality parameters showed no significant differences among control and two treatments when One-way ANOVA was performed except hardness. The average final mean individual weights of prawn, rohu and mola in control, treatment-1 and treatment-2 were 22.10, 24.35, and 24.70 g; 141.10, 190.60 and 182.20 g; 3.36, 3.67 and 3.73 g, respectively. The survival rates of various species namely prawn, rohu and mola in control, treatment-1 and treatment-2 were 73.33, 89.58 and 86.25%; 78.00, 74.00 and 74.00%; 10.67, 15.33 and 15.33%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the survival rates of prawn, rohu and mola among control and treatments. Production after six months of culture was 351.8, 461.5 and 445.3 kg ha-1 in control, treatment-1 and treatment-2, respectively which were significantly different at 5% level of significance.
Academia Journal of Agricultural Research, 2013
Two recirculating aquaponics systems were installed in a controlled environment greenhouse to study the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa pekinensis) and pac choi (Brassica rapa) using Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture with and without freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Culture water was lifted by a 40 W submersible pump from a 220 L bio-filtration tank to a 250 L fish tank, and allowed to flow by gravity to a 2.44 × 4.88 m raceway in a closed loop. Water was maintained at 20 cm depth permitting rafts to float. Hydroponically germinated seedlings in rockwool blocks were planted on the rafts at 15 cm spacing 30 days after stocking 22 kg of mixed-sex Nile tilapia in the fish tanks while 295 prawns were added in one of the raceways. Environmental conditions were maintained and water quality parameters were monitored in a compromise between the ideal requirements of fish, prawn and vegetables including the beneficial bacte...
Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2021
This study was conducted over a period of 52 days to determine the effects of fish stocking density on the water quality, growth performance of tilapia and yield of butterhead lettuce cultivated in decoupled recirculation aquaponic systems (DRAPS). In this study, three respective tilapia stocking densities (treatments) of 8 kg•m-3 , 10 kg•m-3 , and 12 kg•m-3 were used to evaluate the butterhead lettuce in the DRAPS, which consist of two independent loops. All treatments were done in triplicates. The results showed with increased stocking density, the electrical conductivity, total dissolved substances and salinity increased and dissolved oxygen decline. The results showed that the highest stocking density produced the highest nutrients accumulation of ammonia-nitrogen (NH 3-N), ammonium (NH 4), nitrite-nitrogen (NO 2-N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO 3-N) and potassium (K) except for phosphorus (P). Nevertheless, based on the conversion of fish feed to NO 3-N and P per kilogram of feeds, the lowest stocking density provided the highest concentration of NO 3-N and P. It was documented that DRAPS relied solely on the fish waste produced an insufficient concentration of N, P, K and iron. The average survival rate of tilapia in all treatments was above 94% and was not a significant difference among the treatments.
Aquaculture Research, 1989
The potential of organic fertilizer as a partial replacement for formulated feeds in pond culture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) was assessed. Stocking densities reflected commercial semi-intensive levels and the duration of the trial approached a complete grow-out cycle. Mean weight and growth rate were examined in four treatments receiving varying levels of feed and manure. Heaviest prawns and fastest growth were evident in the treatment with decreased-feed-increased-manure. Production assessed as marketable percentages (74-56, 52-21, 13-28 and 1112) resulted in significantly different marketable yields of 2029, 1284,336 and 103 kg/ha/year for decreased-feed-increased-manure, feed-plus-manure, feed-only, and manure-only respectively assuming 2-6 batch cycles per year under prevailing conditions. Total survival was significantly highest in feed-only (72 80%), intermediate in feed-plus-manure (40-59%) and decreased-feed-inereased-man ure (36-32%), and lowest in manure-only (26-77%) treatments. Prawns were separated at harvest into four morphotypes as berried females, females without eggs, immature males and adult males. Average individual weight and group bicmass were determined for each morphotype. Only prawn production data are presented here. Analyses of water, soil and benthic fauna will be presented in future publications.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019
Aquaponics is a science that integrates animal aquatic production with vegetable culture in recirculating water systems. The performance of an aquaponics system using constructed semi-dry wetland with lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) planted on treating wastewater of culture of shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicum was evaluated. Each aquaponics module consisted in four culture tanks (1 m 3 tank −1), conical sedimentation tank (0.1 m 3), circular holding tank (0.2 m 3), and constructed semi-dry wetland (0.2 m × 1.0 m × 4.0 m). Post larvae (PL) shrimps with an initial average mass of 314 ± 4.75 mg were stocked at density treatments in quadruplicate: (A) 40 shrimps m −2 , (B) 80 shrimps m −2 , and (C) 120 shrimps m −2. Our results showed the average final mass of shrimps had a slight reduction at the density 80 and 120 shrimps. However, it did not differ significantly between the treatments. The ultimate survival and productivity were higher in density 80 and 120 shrimps. The maximum biomass productivity occurred at the treatment with density 120 shrimps. The aquaponics recirculation system using constructed semi-dry wetlands with lettuce adequately treated the water at the densities tested. Various water quality parameters were deemed suitable for shrimp culture, but for lettuce not, especially the temperature. The shrimp density was inappropriate which limited the system to accumulate and increase the concentration of nutrients to vegetables with lessening the yield. Nonetheless, the system with higher density has higher nutrient content that plants demonstrated significantly better growth and yield. The results showed the potential use of organics waste generated in a family lettuce hydroponic production, but for a commercial production is indicated supplementation with nutrients like calcium, magnesium, and potassium in the water.
Comparison of total nutrient recovery in aquaponics and conventional aquaculture systems
Open Agriculture, 2021
Introduction More eco-friendly aquaculture technology is required to reduce environmental pollution which has become a major issue in aquaculture industries in the last few decades. Aquaponics system is a culture technology to solve this waste issue. Thus, this study aimed at comparing growth performances, feed utilization efficiency, and nutrient recovery in aquaponics and conventional aquaculture system. Materials and methods Twenty-four juveniles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) weighing 1.12 ± 0.1 g were cultured in either aquaponics systems or conventional aquaculture systems for 30 days. Each system had three culture systems as replicates. The fish were fed the same amount with a commercial pellet three times a day. Results The result showed that the Nile tilapia reared in the aquaponics system had a significantly higher specific growth rate than that of fish reared in the conventional system, 7.5 and 6.3% BW/day, respectively. Similarly, the feed utilization efficiency...