2 Theories and models of communication: foundations and heritage (original) (raw)
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Theories and Models of Communication: Foundations and Heritage
This chapter charts the historical influences on the theories and models that shaped the communication discipline. It illustrates the importance of U.S. and European scholars from not only the beginnings of the communication discipline, but including those who were pre-eminent in other academic disciplines such as sociology, psychology, political science and journalism, as well as examining emerging scholarship from Asia that focuses on understanding cultural differences through communication theories. The chapter traces the foundations and heritage of communication study from five perspectives: ($) communication as shaper of public opinion; (%) communication as language use; (&) communication as information transmission; (') communication as developer of relationships; and (() communication as definer, interpreter, and critic of culture.
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Some Foundational Conceptions of Communication: Revising and Expanding the Traditions of Thought
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The purpose of this work concerns the content of the concept of political communication, which began to enter the literature after the Second World War. By examining the subheadings that make up the concept itself, the connection between the subheadings and the concept will be discussed in front of the political events that have occurred. From Ancient Greece to the emergence of modern political science, certain techniques and methods were used in the name of political communication. For example, Hobbes relations with the masses and political dynamics in England [1651] and Rousseau's relations with France [1762] have been influential in the conceptual maturation of modern political communication. As a concept, political communication emerged from the fusion of the concepts of politics and communication. Political communication itself is the process of establishing hegemony between the leader and the voter. Voters, or masses, are called to a particular political ideology by the process of hegemony. Therefore, propaganda is actively used in the process of political communication. The trends of public opinion are taken into account by using channels in both traditional media and new media. In doing all this, the main goal is to seize power or maintain the power that has been obtained. The goal is to dominate power, develop the ability to communicate their political ideology and receive feedback on their messages. In this context, political communication processes, political party, political leader, public opinion, hegemony, power and power relations, ideologies and ideological ones will be analyzed by examining subheadings
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A Far from Simple Introduction to Communication: Review Essay
Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 2016
Any author who manages to write a penetrating, thoughtful, and evocative book on an underappreciated topic deserves applause. Nimrod Bar-Am does this and much more. The problem which he takes upon himself to investigate is fascinating, original, and of considerable magnitude, for it is nothing less than the question "Is there a theoretical basis distinctive of communication studies as such?" Or to give the inquiry a more ontological slant, the question can be reformulated as follows: "is there a (non-trivial) common denominator to all communication phenomena, and, if so, could it serve as the ground for a conceptually unified field of study?" There is but little doubt that this type of inquiry is of paramount relevance for those who have keen interest in the theoretical foundations of the academic field of communication studies, or for those seeking a philosophical basis for understanding communication as a pervading multilayered and cross-disciplinary phenomenon. Yet, oddly enough, such general inquiry into the nature of communication and into the possibility of a unified field of communication studies is rare. Bar-Am explores this murky territory like a seasoned traveler whose abundant knowledge does not compromise a keen eye and an open heart, and he delineates the contours of the landscape in a manner which is detailed enough to provide substance yet also abstract enough so as to reflect the prefatory status of his query and invite future voyagers to conduct their own journeys down the path. In braving this trailblazing task, Bar-Am does us all good service, and his passion for his subject makes the reading not only intellectually gratifying but also sown with moments of pure joy.
What's in a name? Defining communication and communication theory
European Journal of Communication, 2023
Communication is among the most used and least theorized concepts across various disciplines, including communication studies. There are many communication theories and models, most of which take communication for granted, only as a name and an unproblematic/self-evident concept. The concept's ambiguity relates to the definition of borders and the discipline's content. In 'Communication theory and the disciplines', Jefferson D. Pooley (2016a) presents an exhaustive list of disciplines that relate or are sensitive to communication theory, including sociology, psychology, political science, geography, economics, philosophy, history, literary studies, and cognate fields such as cultural studies, visual studies, game studies, popular music studies, gender studies, and LGBT studies. Located at the intersection of various disciplines, communication studies host a plethora of analytical frameworks, epistemological paradigms, and research interests. However, 'what it gained in intellectual richness. .. it lacked in disciplinary focus and shared identity' (Waisbord, 2019). Labeling communication studies as a post-discipline, Waisbord points to ontological plurality, theoretical heteroglossia, hyper-specialization of contemporary scholarship, and the overall decline of grand theories as the main reasons for the identity crisis. Communication is defined as connection, dialogue, expression, information, persuasion, and symbolic interaction (Waisbord, 2019). However, the ontological status of communication as such has not been adequately elaborated. What defines communication scholarship? What is the object and subject of communication? Most important of all, what is communication? These questions remain and seem to remain valid in the foreseeable future.