Experimental Survey and Modeling for the Driver Behavior in Vehicle Platoons (original) (raw)
Related papers
Contribution to the platoon distribution analysis in steady-state traffic conditions
Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 2014
The traffic flow analysis and the relevant vehicle distribution ("free-moving" or "platooned" vehicles) on highway facilities at uninterrupted flow has always had fundamental importance in Highway Engineering, with special reference to topics like traffic operations, car accidents, road safety and air pollution emissions. In light of this, the study suggests a calculation algorithm as a random test generator to simulate a steady state traffic flow and to provide time headways. Thanks to the outcome produced by numerical simulations, we analysed platoon distributions within traffic flows in a steady-state regime and showed the results of numerical analyses carried out by traffic random process functions. The laws to determine "time headways" were obtained by the Pearson type III generalized distribution.
Evaluation of Different Vehicle Following Models under Mixed Traffic Conditions
Car-following models replicate the behavior of a driver following another vehicle. These models are widely used in the development of traffic simulation models. Only fewer studies have been conducted to compare the performance of different car following models under mixed traffic conditions. The present study focuses on the evaluation of different car following models under mixed traffic conditions. Specifically, the following four cars following models were selected: 1. Gipps Model, 2. Intelligent Driver Model (IDM), 3. Krauss Model and 4. Das and Asundi Model. These models were implemented in a microscopic traffic simulation model for a mid block section. Each of these models is then calibrated for three states: non-steady state with constant parameters across classes, steady state parameter and non-steady state with classwise parameters. Then the models are evaluated using the performance measures such as error in hourly stream speeds and classwise speeds, critical parameters and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) for speed and density values, obtained at one minute intervals.
Research Paper on Study of Platoon Dispersion Behavior at Urban Intersection
This study will analyse the effect the road traffic and travel situation is highly aggravated in metropolitan cities of developing country like India because of significant growth in traffic and addition of more and more numbers of vehicles year by year in to the stream with wide ranging static and dynamic characteristics. Signalisation is a traffic control strategy to ease the competition by providing right of way in a cyclic manner to conflicting traffic at intersections. Saturation flow is a major component in the design of signals, and is influenced by a variety of factors like vehicle composition, intersection geometry and driver's behaviour. Two-wheelers (2W) constitute a major proportion of urban traffic and therefore their effect on the saturation flow could be substantial. The highway capacity manual (HCM) has recommended a saturation flow model primarily for homogeneous conditions, with limited ability to address heterogeneity. But the traffic in India is highly heterogeneous and hence, defining a unified saturation flow concept is a challenging task. The variability in vehicle types necessitates the use of passenger car units (PCUs).Mixed traffic behaviour on saturation flow rate at the signalised intersections. Traffic data will be collected at signalised intersections located in urban area of different cities of Gujarat with different geometric configurations and approach width. Micro level discharge rate studies will be carried out by observing different traffic attributes. The passenger car units (PCUs) values will be derived for different types of vehicles in the traffic stream by different approaches. Mixed traffic discharge flow models will be developed using regression method by relating the various parameters. Also an effect of platoon dispersion on discharge rate will be carried out under this study.
Scenario-Based Simulation Studies on Platooning Effects in Traffic
Energy-Efficient and Semi-automated Truck Platooning
This chapter outlines the portfolio of simulation campaigns that have been carried out to thoroughly study the effects of platooning in the traffic system. The approach outlined in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-88682-0_7 is utilised to quantify typical platoon trajectories and manoeuvres in highway settings as well as in urban intersection scenarios. The addressed studies do not yield a single result, but instead depend on many parameters (such as platoon spacing/gap policy, surrounding traffic density and speed and many more) and are investigated in terms of the results’ sensitivities on these parameters. This approach allows one to draw meaningful conclusions despite the inherent uncertainty and spread of the influencing parameters. By using representative conditions, the resulting KPI distributions are evaluated and interpreted. Considering real traffic parameters, such as density, truck share, distances, speed and their empirical distributions and restrictions on the assumed “degree o...
A Review on Distribution Models Using for Different Traffic Condition
Vehicle headway distribution models are frequently employed in traffic engineering domains because they succinctly convey the stochastic nature of traffic flows while reflecting the inherent uncertainty in drivers' car following maneuvers. In this study, we examined traffic flow studies that have been conducted in earlier research. The objective of the paper is to give a broad understanding of distribution models for various passenger car unit (PCU) that ranges in varied traffic conditions of roadways. It is beneficial to learn more about how headway distribution develops in various traffic situations. Begin by highlighting the key concerns raised in this study regarding headway variability, traffic congestion on the road, transportation planning, operations, and level of service. Some critics claim that the data for road capacity are used to calculate time headway. Based on the research, we examine various methods for connecting macroscopic models of vehicle headway distribution with microscopic models of driver behavior. We have covered the factors that contribute to headway variability, effects, and alternative distribution for measuring headway. We also discuss proactive and reactive methods for reducing headway variability in theory and practice.
Evaluating the Safety of Platooned Heavy Vehicles: A Case Study
2016
In the right lane of motorways with trucks' overtaking prohibition is very common the formation of platoons of heavy vehicles. Although this traffic controls strategies can increase the capacity of passing lane, in the right lane may occur increases of rear-end collisions. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the safety of the platooned heavy vehicles by means a closed-form stream model. The case study of the Italian motorway A22 was examined. The sampling of platoons was performed in four observation sections.In the research have been investigated platoons with 2÷20 heavy vehicles for each platoon. Many traffic parameters have been evaluated: frequencies of the number of platoons, minimum mean and maximum headways and speeds between heavy vehicles of each platoon, etc. We have found that the percentages of platoons whose vehicles travel with an average headway of less than 3 seconds are in the range 37.1%÷66.9%, depending on the motorway section. In addition, it was per...
Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2023
Despite the increasing number of heavy vehicles (HVs) on the road, little attention is paid to the impact of HVs on traffic flow. Due to their different physical characteristics (length and size) and operational characteristics (acceleration and deceleration) compared to other vehicles, HVs have a physical and psychological impact on the traffic around them. On the other hand, many studies done on changes in road capacity yield a single value of road capacity. In this study, however, the road capacity is analyzed with probability distributions. This study found that the road capacity increases since HV reduction has a constant value with 85% and 50% cumulative probabilities. On major roads, reducing HV by 10%, 20%, 30% increases road capacity by 3-4%, 8% and 11-12% respectively. Lower HVs ratios are less likely to reduce road capacity. However, the speed of HV and other modes does not directly affect the cumulative probabilities. In addition, as the ratio of HV increases, the speed difference between vehicle types decreases. This study is limited to rush hour traffic flows so that a further study can consider the total duration of mixed traffic conditions.
European Transport \ Trasporti Europei, 2020
The study aims to investigate the impact of heavy vehicles (HVs) on traffic characteristics under platoon conditions on Indian highways. Traffic volume, speed, and time headway data were gathered from different highway sections using infra-red sensors. The mean relative speed criteria were used as an indicator of variability to estimate the critical time headway. The threshold value of a critical time headway of 4 sec was determined to represent vehicles into non-platoon followers and platoon followers. The speed-flowdensity model curves were developed for two different traffic regimes, one without platoons and the other with platoons created by the HVs. The results show that under platoon conditions, the speed at capacity, density at capacity, and traffic capacity reduced by 11.2%, 12.5%, and 22.3%, respectively, compared to non-platoon conditions. Additionally, the average travel time and travel delay increased by 18.1 s/km and 12.7 s/km, respectively. The study's findings emphasize the importance of considering platoon dynamics under the influence of HVs to better understand their impact on traffic characteristics.
Modeling Platoon Dispersion at Signalized Intersections in Mixed Traffic Scenario
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2018
Vehicles generally move in the form of platoons after discharging from the stop line of signalized intersection. While moving toward the downstream signal, due to the interaction between moving vehicles, road geometry, traffic composition and their speed difference, platoons get dispersed. Dispersion of platoon influences signal coordination , arrival pattern, turning maneuver at upstream signal. Moreover, while designing the intersection under mixed traffic scenario, platoon dispersion is important to create a link between traffic signals. Therefore, the present study is taken up with the objective of estimating the platoon dispersion distance after crossing the stop line. A model is developed based on the simulated data sets. VISSIM, a micro-simulation software, is used to replicate the field traffic conditions. To ensure the applicability of the model in the existing mixed traffic conditions, two different methods were used. Firstly, data were collected from two sites and used for validating the performance of the model. The results indicated a good match (maximum 9% error) between the field-observed and model-estimated platoon dispersion distance. Secondly, the traffic scenario alike the two study sites was created in VISSIM and the simulated and field-observed data sets were compared to check how accurately VISSIM can replicate the existing mixed traffic conditions. It is observed that VISSIM had replicated the field conditions with a maximum error of 10%. Therefore, the output of the study indicates that the proposed model may be used to estimate the platoon dispersion distance with reasonably high accuracy under mixed traffic conditions.