Serum YKL-40, A New Prognostic Biomarker in Cancer Patients? (original) (raw)
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High serum YKL-40 level is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer
Tuberkuloz ve Toraks
High serum YKL-40 level is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer Introduction: YKL-40 is a glycoprotein that plays role in inflammation and malignant processes. High serum YKL-40 levels are associated with short survive in cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is another reason to increase its' level. However, limited knowledges are known in YKL-40 along with lung cancer and COPD. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients were involved to study with lung cancer (84 men, 16 women, and median age 62). Results were compared with 30 healthy volunteers. Thirteen patients were small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 87 patients were nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). 62% of patients were inoperable.
Utility of serum YKL-40 as a tumor-specific marker of hepatobiliary malignancies
2010
Background/Aims: Serum YKL-40 has been linked to several human cancers. We investigated the potential role of serum YKL-40 as a marker of hepatobiliary malignancies. Methods: Archived serum samples of patients undergoing liver transplantation evaluation at the Mayo Clinic Rochester were used to measure YKL-40 levels. Patients were divided into three groups: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and end-stage liver disease (ESLD) without malignancies. The Model for ESLD (MELD) score was used to quantify the severity of liver disease. Results: The median serum YKL-40 level was highest in the ESLD group at 296 ng/mL, compared to 259 ng/mL in the HCC group and 80 ng/mL in the CCA group (p＜0.01). There was a significant correlation between the MELD score and serum YKL-40 level (r=0.50, p＜0.01). In a multivariate analysis, there was no significant difference in serum YKL-40 level between ESLD and HCC. CCA was associated with lower YKL-40 levels, a finding that was attributable to a lower prevalence of cirrhosis. Conclusions: The serum YKL-40 level has little utility as a cross-sectional screening tool for hepatobiliary malignancies, namely HCC and CCA. The role of YKL-40 as a surveillance marker in the follow-up of individual patients remains to be determined.
Serum YKL-40 Levels in Patients with Gastric Cancer
Biomarkers in Cancer, 2011
Aims and background YKL-40 is secreted by several types of tumors. Increased serum YKL-40 levels have been reported in prostate, glioblastoma, breast and colorectal cancers. Determination of YKL-40 levels may serve as a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the serum YKL-40 levels expressed in gastric carcinomas. Methods Between 2009 and 2011, we retrospectively reviewed 100 patients with gastric cancer and compared their serum samples to 75 healthy volunteers. YKL-40 levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results We found significantly higher serum levels of YKL-40 in patients with gastric cancer compared to the healthy population ( P < 0.0001). We also found significant differences in serum YKL-40 levels between female and male patients with gastric cancer ( P < 0.01). Conclusions YKL-40 is over-expressed in gastric cancer, suggesting a more aggressive phenotype. YKL-4...
High plasma YKL-40 level in patients with ovarian cancer stage III is related to shorter survival
Oncology Reports, 2003
YKL-40 (human cartilage glycoprotein-39) is a member of family 18 glycosyl hydrolases. YKL-40 is a growth factor and is secreted by cancer cells. High serum levels of YKL-40 in patients with colorectal cancer and recurrent metastatic breast cancer have been associated with a poor prognosis. We evaluated the prognostic value of plasma YKL-40 in patients with primary ovarian cancer (OC). YKL-40 was determined by ELISA in plasma obtained preoperatively from 47 women with stage III OC and in plasma from 79 healthy females. The results showed that plasma YKL-40 was elevated compared to healthy females in 57% of the OC patients and was highest in the patients who died during the follow-up compared to the patients still alive (186 vs. 78 µg/l, p=0.002). Patients with high plasma YKL-40 (>130 µg/l) had significantly (p=0.0003) shorter survival than patients with normal plasma YKL-40. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that plasma YKL-40 (RH=3.95; 95% CI, 1.52-10.27; p=0.005) and radicality after primary surgery (RH=4.03; 95% CI, 1.81-8.97; p=0.001) were independent prognostic factors of survival, whereas age, histological type of tumour and serum CA125 had no independent prognostic value. In conclusion, plasma levels of YKL-40 proved of prognostic value in stage III OC patients.
Expression of YKL-40, an Inflammatory Glycoprotein and its Prognostic Implications in Cancer
Journal of Molecular Biomarkers & Diagnosis, 2012
A cancer prognosticator refers to a substance or process that is a sign of the existence of cancer in the body and foretelling the course of cancer. It might be either a molecule oozed by a tumor or it can be a specific response of the body to the occurrence of cancer. YKL-40 is an inflammatory glycoprotein and a member of mammalian chitanaselike proteins (CHI3L1), is expressed and secreted by several types of solid tumor cells, inflammatory cells and stem cells. The precise physiological role of YKL-40 in cancer is not still clear and suggested that it has a role in cancer cell proliferation, differentiation, metastatic potential, cell attachment and migration, reorganization and tissue remodeling. Several clinical studies of patients with diverse types of cancer indicated that elevated serum level of YKL-40 may be a prognostic marker of cancer. The higher level of YKL-40 in serum also seems to correlate with short survival and poorer prognosis of several cancers including breast, ovary, colorectal, and glioblastoma melanoma. Serum YKL-40 level is often elevated compared to healthy subjects, in patients with disease characterized by inflammation, and increased extracellular remodeling or ongoing fibrosis such as infections. This review depict the present facts regarding YKL-40 and talk about its relation in cancer prediction.
EVALUATION OF YKL-40 AS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER IN ADULT ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA PATIENTS
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder, characterized by arrested differentiation, inappropriate proliferation and survival of immature myeloid progenitors. The AML has the low survival rate. So, assessment of the prognostic factors in AML is very important. We aimed in this study to assess whether YKL-40 serum levels could be considered as a useful biomarker for the assessment of disease status progression and monitoring the response to treatment in patients with AML. Forty eight subjects were included in this study. They were classified into 2 groups; 24 apparently healthy adult subjects and 24 adult patients with newly diagnosed AML. Both groups were subjected to routine laboratory investigations and Estimation serum YKL-40 level by ELISA. There was a significant difference between levels of YKL-40 in control and patient group before induction therap. There was also a significant difference between YKL-40 level and the response to treatment and between its level and outcome during follow up period in responder patient group. Finally, by using Kaplan Meier curve; median time of DFS was significantly shorter in patients with YKL-40 ≥137 ng/ml compared to those with YKL-40 <137 ng/ml. It can be concluded that high serum level of YKL-40 was associated with bad response to treatment and confers poor outcome. Moreover, it could serve as valuable prognostic marker.
International Journal of Cancer, 2008
YKL-40 is a glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, neutrophils and malignant tumor cells. Elevated serum levels of YKL-40 are associated with poor prognosis in several malignancies. In this study, we examined the prognostic value of serum YKL-40 before treatment and during follow-up in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). YKL-40 was determined by ELISA retrospectively in serum from 173 patients with primary HNSCC before treatment and up to 2 years after treatment. Median follow-up time was 7.9 years. YKL-40 protein expression in tumor biopsies was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 50 patients. Pretreatment serum YKL-40 was elevated in 53%. Patients with high serum YKL-40 had shorter survival than patients with normal serum YKL-40 (33 vs. 84 months; p 5 0.008). Multivariate Cox analysis including pretreatment serum YKL-40, age, sex, primary tumor site, TNM classification and treatment demonstrated that TNM classification (HR 5 2.61, p 5 0.02) and serum YKL-40 (log-transformed continuous variable: HR 5 1.55, p < 0.0001) were independent prognostic variables of overall survival (OS). Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that TNM classification (HR 5 5.77, p 5 0.001) and serum YKL-40 (dichotomous variable: HR 5 2.75, p 5 0.01) were independent predictors of recurrence-free survival. During follow-up after radiotherapy, a high serum YKL-40 (log-transformed continuous variable) in patients with TNM Stage III and IV disease predicted poorer OS within 6 months (HR 5 1.95, p < 0.0001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed YKL-40 expression in the malignant tumor cells. In conclusion, serum YKL-40 was demonstrated to be an independent prognostic biomarker of recurrence-free and overall survival in patients with HNSCC. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
High serum YKL-40 level in patients with small cell lung cancer is related to early death
Lung Cancer, 2004
YKL-40, a growth factor for connective tissue cells, is secreted by cancer cells and macrophages. Elevated serum YKL-40 in patients with metastatic carcinoma has been associated with poor prognosis. We evaluated serum YKL-40 in 131 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Twenty-two percent of the patients with limited disease and 40% of the patients with extensive disease had elevated serum YKL-40. The median survival was 5.1 months for patients with elevated serum YKL-40 and 9.0 months for patients with normal serum YKL-40. Patients with elevated serum YKL-40 had increased hazard for death within the first 6 months after the start of chemotherapy compared to patients with normal serum YKL-40 (HR = 2.06, P = 0.009). Multivariate Cox analysis including routine prognostic variables showed that serum YKL-40 (P = 0.02) is independent of prognostic variables for survival within the first 6 months. Studies are needed to determine the function of YKL-40 in SCLC.