Reconsidering the history and context of information science (original) (raw)
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Information Science is one of the important knowledge clusters responsible for Information activities ranging from information collection, selection, organization, processing and management. Though, ultimately Information Science is responsible for information dissemination. Information Science initially treated as information field but the advancement of tools and technologies changes the entire arena of Information Science. Today rather than information field it is treated as Applied Science domain with Social Science touch. Information Science is today responsible for Information-Technology-People interaction. Information Science changes it dimension with the advancement of knowledge cluster and IT. The paper is talks about Information Science including its need and role and generation wise characteristics and development. Paper highlighted changing dimension, tools and technologies related with Information Science.
Past, present, and future of the concept of information
Triplec Communication Capitalism Critique Open Access Journal For a Global Sustainable Information Society, 2009
This text provides an overview of the complex history of the concept of information in the Greek-Latin as well as in the Medieval and Modern traditions. It connects the Latin etymology of the term informatio with the Greek concepts of eidos/idea and morphé and shows how the objective meaning of information ("giving form to something") becomes obsolete in modernity where only the communicational meaning ("telling something (new) to someone") remains. Information theories in the 20th Century are related to the development of technical systems of message transmission. They give rise to a renaissance of the objective notion of information but under a different framework as the one of the classic pre-modern philosophy. Establishing a connection between the concepts of information and message several options are presented leading to a concept of information based on a theory of messages.
HISTORY OF INFORMATION SCIENCE
IS is centered on the representation, storage, transmission, selection (filtering, retrieval), and the use of documents and messages, where documents and messages are created for use by humans. Interest extends outwards in many directions because of the need to understand contextual, institutional, methodological, technological, and theoretical aspects. We recognize that many other views are possible and hope that others will prepare revie ws from other perspectives.
Information Technology, Information and History
Вестник Пермского университета. История, 2019
One of the truisms of our decade is, that we live in the information age. Indeed information technology influences all disciplines in academia and its nature is central to the discussion of at least a dozen disciplines, from Floridi's philosophy of information to computer science and from quantum physics to library science. That such a large number of fields of research emphasize different concepts is not really surprising; it would be, if they would not. Nevertheless, all of them are supported by one integrated type of information technology, so the underlying concept must be consistent. In the field of history we can show, however, that the classical derivation of practical information technology, derived from Shannon's implicit creation of an equivalence between communication and information, vulnerates the way information is handled in the field. We will discuss how this creates severe limits to the practical application of current information technology and which changes would be needed to support history's problem domain. This is particularly important as experience shows that theoretical discussions of the nature of information, general or within specific knowledge domains, have almost no influence on the development of the actual information technology, unless the theoretical discussions reflect implementation policies.
History & Historiography of Information Science.pdf
The first part of this paper examines some of the difficulties for the historian of information science that arise from the lack of agreement as to what precisely constitutes information science and from its commonly accepted interdisciplinary nature. It examines in this connection Machlup and Mansfield's ideas about a "narrow" information science and information science as a composite of disciplinary chunks. Regardless of these issues, it demonstrates that the history of information science is gaining an identity both bibliographically and socially. The second part of the paper suggests that as a condition of their organization, reproduction, and control all societies have evolved their own distinctive ways of managing information. Ultimately, then, the history of information science can be considered to extend far beyond the last 50 years where attention is commonly focused. Drawing on Brandel's notions, dur~e Iongue, moyenne and courte, the paper suggests an approach to periodicity that provides a new perspective for the history information science. The paper also introduces the notions of synchrony and diachrony to suggest other approaches to the historical study of aspects of information science. The paper concludes that the history of information science is an historical interdiscipline and those interested in it need to draw on a range of related historical studies such as the history of science and technology, the history of printing and publishing, and the history of information institutions such as libraries, archives and museums.
The concepts information and communication20191129 43503 1yilnev
Perspectivas em Ciência da Informação, 2019
The concepts information and communication: perspectives from the academic communities of information, communication and computer engineering sciences We present an exploratory research that took place between 2013-2015, focusing on the perceptions regarding Information and Communication of fourteen PhD investigators, in two interdisciplinary centers in Brazil and Spain. This research is part of a new line of investigation initiated in differences between such concepts and theoretical references. The research strategy is based upon qualitative methods focused on in-depth interviews with qualified informants. Interviews were recorded in Spanish and Portuguese and transcribed into Spanish. A qualitative analysis was conducted by means of systematic techniques including content analysis of the discourse as well as reading and interpretation of the content which was presented in the corpus of the interviews. The perceptions of the academicians were categorized according to the disciplinary fields to which they belonged. General and specific conclusions about tendencies are presented.
The scope of the concept of information and the future of information science
Journal of information and organizational sciences, 2019
The key concept of information science is the concept of information which is tied to a number of complications. The main problem is that there is no definition of this concept. The purpose of this article is an analysis of the concept of information from the position of classical logic. The main method of the article is a conceptual analysis. First, we briefly deal with the overview of the concepts of information, with concepts and their definition as such and with the scope of the concept of information. Then, we provide an analysis of 31 important definitions of the concept of information which were developed within the scope of information science and related fields, and we consider relations between the concept of information and the concepts in other disciplines. Conceptual analysis of the concept of information leads to the conclusion that information is probably a concept that somehow addresses the entire reality, thus that it is a term, which is in the classical logic descr...
Journal of The American Society for Information Science and Technology, 1999
This essay is a personal analysis of information science as a field of scientific inquiry and professional practice that has evolved over the past half-century. Various sec- tions examine the origin of information science in re- spect to the problems of information explosion; the so- cial role of the field; the nature of "information" in infor- mation science; the structure
On Development of Information Communications in Human Society
Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 2019
Information is very important. Information is also very complicated, making that people have no common understanding and conclusion for the nature of it up today. There are too many papers and some books to describe information; however it is rather difficult to find the description and analysing for the whole history of information from the advent of human beings to the present day. Two parts of information in prehistoric period and the time interred divinization are described. Every part is separated according to several succeeded stages for description. It is near impossible to describe in detail such entire historical facts of information in human society in a paper, so the description and discussion is focused on their comprehensiveness and integrity. By knowing and analysing all these solid historical facts of information, some relative issues e.g. "did information age really exist in the development of material civilization in human society" can be recognized easily.
New Times and New Challenges for Information Science: From Cellular Systems to Human Societies
Information, 2014
The extraordinary scientific-technical, economic, and social transformations related to the widespread use of computers and to the whole information and communication technologies have not been accompanied by the development of a scientific "informational" perspective helping make a coherent sense of the spectacular changes occurring. Like in other industrial revolutions of the past, technical praxis antedates the emergence of theoretical disciplines. Apart from the difficulties in handling new empirical domains and in framing new ways of thinking, the case of information science implies the difficult re-evaluation of important bodies of knowledge already well accommodated in specific disciplines. Herein, we will discuss how a new understanding of the "natural information flows" as they prototypically occur in living beings-even in the simplest cells-could provide a sound basis for reappraising fundamental problems of the new science. The role of a renewed information science, multidisciplinarily conceived and empirically grounded, widely transcends the limited "library" and knowledge-repositories mission into which classical information science was cajoled during past decades. Paraphrasing the Spanish philosopher J. Ortega y Gasset, the overhaul of information science itself becomes "the challenge of our time". Technology, an information science of sorts was launched, with the particular mandate of searching for unified human-human and human-machine communication; but the resultant attempt was scarcely influential. In a decade or so, most of its multidisciplinary luster was lost in favor of the nascent computer science and artificial intelligence communities . Actually, in the late 80s and early 90s, a number of multidisciplinary adventures were launched around computer science (parallel processing), artificial intelligence, artificial life, theoretical biology, biocomputing, bioenergetics, chaos theory, complexity theories, theoretical physics, etc.