Architecture of Lasinja culture settlements in the light of new investigations in northern Croatia (original) (raw)
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Bapska, A Late Neolithic Settlement in Eastern Croatia - a new project (paper submt. 2007)
Prompted by new rescue excavations and only partially published material from preceding excavations at Bapska, this paper provides a history of the research, published materials, and insight into the vertical stratigraphy and chronology of the site. When possible, data from new excavations will be presented in order to present the current state of knowledge about Bapska and its position in the Balkan Late Neolithic.
Between 1989 and 2005 at Brunn am Gebirge, Lower Austria, at the southern border of Vienna, parts of a big early Neolithic settlement could be prospected and excavated. The terrain is flat and has a slight rise in the direction to the northeast. The remains of longhouses found belong to different separated groups, which were called sites 1–7. 77 longhouses are known by now, most of them by excavation, some of them only after their destruction by trenches and a big part by magnetic prospection. But as not the whole area has been prospected, a total number of more than 100 houses can be expected. The excavated area is about 100 000 m2. The total area with the sites has a length of more than 1km and a breadth of 400 m, so only a small part has been excavated till now. The houses are usually oriented south-north with deviations to the west and also to the east at different sites. Their dimensions are 20 m length and 7–8 m breadth. There are different constructions visible, mainly in the better preserved part of site 3. If these differences are functional or chronological is still under investigation. Currently we see the absolute time frame between 5650–5150 BC for the whole settlement. The oldest part of the settlement may be localized in site 2a, then followed by 2b, 3, 5, 4, 1 and 6 (7 is only known by some shards). In the oldest parts Linear Ceramics is missing, the rough ceramics is burnt at lower temperatures and has no or at least only plastical ornaments. The pot forms from site 2 are very similar to that from excavations in southern Hungary and Croatia, attributed to the Starčevo Culture, partially to the phase Early Starčevo Linear B and mostly to the late Starčevo Spiraloid B. From site 3 going the rise upwards to the younger parts of the settlement Linear Ceramics is increasing. Parallel runs the increasing use of fine ceramics besides the coarse one. On the other hand the number of idols found is decreasing. Also for the stone implements a development is visible in the same direction from the oldest site 2 to the youngest site 1. Of special interest is that we found many stone implements, more than 10.000, which is very much in contrast to other Austrian sites. At the beginning the main raw material is coming from Bakony-Szentgál, near Lake Balaton in Hungary. Local “Hornstein” is used very seldom. This percentages are changing continuously from old to young. At the end of the development in site 1 and 6, we have only a small number of local lithic material. Animal bones are not preserved in a big number at site 2. But we can also see a development in the usage of animals in the course of time. In site 3 it seems that capra-ovis bones are dominating and in the youngest site 1bovids is preferred.
Prilozi Instituta za Arheologiju
Izvorni znanstveni rad Prapovijesna arheologija/Srednjovjekovna arheologija Original scientifi c paper Prehistoric archaeology/Medieval archaeology UDK/UDC 903.4(497.5 Beketinci)"636" 904(497.5 Beketinci):72"653" Primljeno/Received: 31. 3. 2009. Prihvaćeno/Accepted: 15. 9. 2009. Tijekom 2007. i 2008. god. Institut za arheologiju iz Zagreba proveo je zaštitna arheološka istraživanja na trasi međunarodne Autoceste Budimpešta – Ploče. Istražen je lokalitet AN 18, na zemljištu Bentež kod Beketinaca, na dionici Osijek – Đakovo. U istočnom dijelu lokaliteta istraženi su ostaci prapovijesnog naselja lasinjske kulture (oko 4000 g. prije Krista) i ranosrednjovjekovnog naselja (10. velike zemunice (20 x 30 m) s bunarima na svojem rubnom dijelu, kao i temelji pet nadzemnih kuća. Najveća nadzemna kuća bila je dugačka 30 m i široka 12 m, s tri prostorije i manjom kućom (9 x 5 m, In 2007 and 2008 the Institute of Archaeology in Zagreb carried out salvage archaeological investi...
Hiatus, lacunes et absences: identifier et interpréter les vides archéologiques. Actes du 29e Congrès préhistorique de France, 31 mai-4 juin 2021, Toulouse. Session Les espaces vides: preuves d’absences ou absences de preuves?, Société préhistorique française, Paris, 2024, pp. 105-120. , 2024
The open-air archaeological site of Konjevrate-Groblje was discovered in 1988 and subsequently partly excavated in four campaigns. In preliminary reports, the site was interpreted as being a Neolithic Impressed Ware settlement. Several thousand chippedstone artifacts were initially attributed to the same Neolithic phase and interpreted as the remains of a lithic “workshop” within the village. Recently, the collected assemblage was revisited and re-examined: analyses of the pottery confirmed its Early Neolithic date, but surprisingly, most of the lithic assemblage showed characteristics of the Epigravettian industry. A new excavation campaign was conducted in 2018 to further investigate the chronological sequence of Konjevrate and determine whether an Epigravettian date could be corroborated. The results of this investigation demonstrated that the two cultural-chronological occupation episodes that were suggested for the assemblage can also be clearly distinguished stratigraphically in situ. Moreover, the excavation results, combined with the accidental and surface finds collected in the vicinity, suggested that the site’s occupation sequence spanned a part of the Upper Paleolithic, throughout the Neolithic and possibly into the early Copper Age. As such, the case of the Konjevrate-Groblje site serves as a good example of the importance of revisiting archaeological assemblages in museum collections and shows how, based on the high level of specialization of researchers’ expertise in archaeology today, revisiting old assemblages can shed new light on a site’s complexities and importance