Performance of a full-scale membrane bioreactor Technology for hostel wastewater treatment for reuse purposes (original) (raw)
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IJERT-An Experimental study on Sewage treatment using Membrane BioReactors
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2015
https://www.ijert.org/an-experimental-study-on-sewage-treatment-using-membrane-bioreactors https://www.ijert.org/research/an-experimental-study-on-sewage-treatment-using-membrane-bioreactors-IJERTV4IS020679.pdf Water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource and planners are forced to consider any source of water which might be used economically and effectively to promote further development. The total supply of freshwater on earth far exceeds human demand hence the value of wastewater is becoming increasingly understood. Many arid and semi-arid countries are now looking forward to ways of improving and expanding wastewater reuse practices. The membrane bioreactor technology has become more popular, abundant and accepted in recent years for the treatment of many types of wastewater where the conventional activated sludge process cannot cope with either composition of wastewater or fluctuations of wastewater flow rate. The membrane component uses low pressure microfiltration or ultra-filtration membranes and eliminates the need for clarification and tertiary filtration. The membranes are typically immersed in the aeration tank; however, some applications utilize a separate membrane tank. In this project an effort is made to compare the effluent quality of a conventional treatment plant and a membrane bio-reactor (MBR) plant. The test results revealed the superior quality of the MBR effluent over the conventionally treated effluent. A design is also put forth for a MBR treatment plant with 1 MLD capacity.
An Experimental study on Sewage treatment using Membrane BioReactors
Water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource and planners are forced to consider any source of water which might be used economically and effectively to promote further development. The total supply of freshwater on earth far exceeds human demand hence the value of wastewater is becoming increasingly understood. Many arid and semi-arid countries are now looking forward to ways of improving and expanding wastewater reuse practices. The membrane bioreactor technology has become more popular, abundant and accepted in recent years for the treatment of many types of wastewater where the conventional activated sludge process cannot cope with either composition of wastewater or fluctuations of wastewater flow rate. The membrane component uses low pressure microfiltration or ultra-filtration membranes and eliminates the need for clarification and tertiary filtration. The membranes are typically immersed in the aeration tank; however, some applications utilize a separate membrane tank. ...
Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) as an Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technology
The development and application of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for full-scale municipal wastewater treatment is the most important recent technological advance in terms of biological wastewater treatment. The MBR is a suspended growth-activated sludge system that utilizes microporous membranes for solid/liquid separation instead of secondary clarifiers. It represents a decisive step forward concerning effluent quality by delivering a hygienically pure effluent and by exhibiting a very high operational reliability. Advanced MBR wastewater treatment technology is being successfully applied at an ever-increasing number of locations around the world. In this chapter, the authors have covered several aspects of MBR, with an exhaustive overview of its operational and biological performance. Different configurations and hydraulics of MBR are presented, with attention given to the fouling phenomenon and strategies for reducing it. Also, the high quality of MBR effluent is discussed, whereas in comparison with CAS removals of organic matter, ammonia, phosphorus, solids, bacteria and viruses are significantly enhanced. Emphasis has been given to the improved capability of MBR to remove organic contaminants present at trace concentration levels (ng L−1, μg L−1 and mg L−1), which to the authors' knowledge represents a first attempt to summarize the published literature on this subject. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of MBR over CAS are concerned. In conclusion, MBR represents an efficient and cost-effective process that copes excellently with the growing needs for transforming wastewater into clean water that can be returned to the hydrological cycle without detrimental effects.
MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN A MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR
A membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a submerged membrane was used for the treatment of municipal wastewater from the city of Zagreb, Croatia, in a continuous mode for 123 days. The MBR was very efficient in organic matter removal (92.3 and 98.5 % for COD and BOD, respectively) for the entire duration of the experiment. Nitrification was established after 20 days remaining stable and efficient with a low concentration of ammonia and nitrite in the effluent. On average, 87% of ammonia was converted to nitrate. Biomass concentration, measured as MLSS, was dependant on the organic loading rate (OLR) and food to microorganism ratio (F/M), and its growth could be stopped or its concentration reduced by setting OLR and F/M to appropriate values, thus reducing the excess sludge production. Throughout the range of hydraulic retention times from 2.6 to 5.9 h, the efficiencies of organic matter removal and nitrification were not affected.
Start-up of a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor to treat municipal wastewater
Desalination, 2009
The start-up of a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor equipped with submerged ultrafiltration membranes to treat municipal wastewater has been studied. Attention has been paid to determine membrane separation effects on biomass development in a reactor operated without inoculation. Moreover, the activated sludge model no. 1 has been applied to model biological removal processes. Filtration alone (without biodegradation) removed more than 70% of the influent total COD due to the high particulate COD fraction typically present in municipal wastewaters. Filtration action, retaining bacteria, allowed a rapid increase of the heterotrophic activity permitting to reach efficiencies in COD removal greater than 90% in one to two days. On the other hand, nitrogen removal process needs a few days (five to twenty depending on operational conditions) to develop and stabilise in the reactors because of the required development of the nitrifying biomass. Biomass development was confirmed using respirometric techniques. The activated sludge model no. 1 with minor modification was capable of simulating reasonably well the biological processes development in the MBR.
Industrial Waste Water Treatment by Membrane Bioreactor System
The development and application of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for full-scale Municipal wastewater treatment is the most important recent technological advance in terms of biological wastewater treatment. The MBR is a suspended growth-activated sludge system which combines the use of biological processes and membrane technology to treat wastewater and provide organic and suspended solids removal instead of secondary clarifiers. Use of MBR offers the possibility to overcome a lot of problems in activated sludge processes which are mostly due to tertiary treatment. It represents a decisive step forward concerning effluent quality by delivering a hygienically pure effluent and by exhibiting a very high operational reliability. Advanced MBR wastewater treatment technology is being successfully applied at an ever-increasing number of locations around the world. This review article has covered several aspects of MBR. The membrane separation of microorganisms from the treated wastewater is discussed in detail. Problems of membrane fouling and membrane washing and regeneration, linked to activated sludge characteristics, are examined. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of MBR over conventional activated sludge are concerned.
Membrane bioreactor technology for wastewater treatment and reuse
Desalination, 2006
Treatment technology for water recycling encompasses a vast number of options. Membrane processes are regarded as key elements of advanced wastewater reclamation and reuse schemes and are included in a number of prominent schemes world-wide, e.g. for artificial groundwater recharge, indirect potable reuse as well as for industrial process water production. Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are a promising process combination of activated sludge treatment and membrane filtration for biomass retention. This paper will provide an overview of the status of membrane bioreactor applications in municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse in Europe and will depict their potential role in promoting more sustainable water use patterns. Particular attention will be paid to the impact of MBR technology on emerging pollutants. A case study will be presented on a full-scale MBR plant for municipal wastewater which is operated by Aquafin in Belgium.
The availability of potable water has become severely limited in the past decade and the quality of current water supplies is deteriorating rapidly . Water contamination by disposal of untreated sewage into water bodies ,water scarcity ,salinity intrusion are common problems faced by many cities in India. Recycling and reuse of wastewater by commercial complexes,residential colonies,industries is the need of the hour.It would eliminate the need for large centralised treatment plants, reduce demand on local supplies and pollution of water bodies.Membrane bioreactors is an ideal solution for the water problems in urban areas. MBR processes produce effluent of high quality enough to be discharged to coastal, surface waterbodies used for irrigation,flushing and other purposes depending upon the quality of treatment . Membrane bioreactors combine conventional biological treatment processes with membrane filteration to provide an advanced level of organic and suspended solids removal. Membrane bioreactor technology has been gaining popularity over past few years all over the world.. Many countries like Singapore are using membrane treatment successfully for supplementing water supplies. MBR technology is yet to gain popularity in India as preferred treatment method over conventional treatment methods for industrial and domestic wastewater treatment. This paper focuses on performance of membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment in a MBR plant in a hotel in Delhi and the suitability of treated water for reuse and recycling..Samples of raw sewage water and treated water were taken from the plant and tested in laboratory to analyse the efficiency of wastewater treatment by MBR technology. Composite samples were taken for 5 days in the month of October. The changes in wastewater composition were evaluated by measuring changes the total amount of organic matter in terms of BOD, COD, suspended solids (SS,phosphates,nitrogen content of raw water and treated water samples.
Despite the intrinsic potential benefits of Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (sMBR) to wastewater treatment and the role it plays on water reuse, the reduction in the membrane permeability caused by fouling phenomenon still remains one of the major drawbacks of such a system. The efficacy of the process is constrained by the accumulation of materials on the surface of or within the membrane. In order to minimize and control the negative effect of fouling in membrane bioreactor different methods has been developed and tested, such as the addition of certain chemicals in the mixed liquor as Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC), metal salts, organic and inorganic polyelectrolytes and biopolymer. Although the addition of chemicals in the mixed liquor reduces membrane fouling in sMBR, resulting in an enhanced filterability, it is important to keep in mind this procedure increases operational costs. Thus, several researches has been focused on hybrid system as an alternative to the conventional MBR (C-MBR) trying to combine the advantages of biofilm and MBR processes in order to overcome some of the limitation of C-MBR. Addition of biofilm supports in activated sludge processes can assist in biodegradation, improving nutrient removal and filterability of membrane, which leads to an increased capacity and overall improved performance of existing activated sludge reactor [1,2]. Within this context, the present study aimed to compare the overall performances of BF-MBR and C-MBR in removal of organic matter, nitrogen and the influence on membrane filterability.
Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Treatment of Segregated Household Wastewater for Reuse
CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water, 2007
This paper evaluates the performance and suitability of membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology for grey and black water treatment. For this purpose, two MBRs were installed on a site located in the Training and Demonstration Center (TDC) of TUBI-TAK Marmara Research Center (MRC). The grey and black water originated from the lodging houses of the MRC. The study involves wastewater characterization, start-up, operation of the MBRs and evaluation of the effluent quality according to the current water reuse standards. Two pilot scale MBRs with an effective volume of 600 L were operated for a period of 50 days with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 18 and 36 h, respectively for grey and black water. The average removal efficiencies were, 95% COD, 92% T-N, and 99% TSS for grey water and 96% COD, 89% T-N, and 99% TSS for black water. Total and faecal coliform were not detected in either permeates. The results showed that the effluent quality of grey and black water treated by the MBR complied with the national and international reuse criteria for different uses. However, some modifications are needed to optimize the removal efficiency especially for simultaneous organic matter and nutrient removal and further investigations into long term monitoring are necessary.