Phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) in forested areas of the Serra da Bodoquena, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (original) (raw)
Related papers
Rev Bras Entomol, in …, 2009
The Parque Estadual do Alto Ribeira (PETAR) with about 250 caves, in an Atlantic forest reserve, is an important ecotourist attraction in the Ribeira Valley, an endemic area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). With the purpose of investigating Leishmania vector species bothersome to humans the sandfly fauna was identified and some of its ecological aspects in the Santana nucleus, captures were undertaken monthly with automatic light traps in 11 ecotopes, including caves, forests, a camping site and domiciliary environments, and on black and white Shannon traps, from January/2001 to December/2002. A total of 2,449 sandflies representing 21 species were captured. The highest values of abundance obtained in the captures with automatic light traps were for Psathyromyia pascalei and Psychodopygus ayrozai. A total of 107 specimens representing 13 species were captured on black (12 species) and white (6 species) Shannon traps set simultaneously. Psychodopygus geniculatus females predominated on the black (43.75%), and Psathyromyia lanei and Ps. ayrozai equally (32.4%) on the white. Nyssomyia intermedia and Nyssomyia neivai, both implicated in the transmission of ACL in the Brazilian Southeastern region, were also captured. Ny. intermedia predominated in the open camping area. Low frequencies of phlebotomines were observed in the caves, where Evandromyia edwardsi predominated Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of the American visceral leishmaniasis, was aslo present. This is its most southernly reported occurrence in the Atlantic forest. KEYWORDS. Caves; ecology; leishmaniasis; sandfly; vectors. RESUMO. Flebotomíneos (Diptera, Psychodidae) na província Espeleológica do Vale do Ribeira. 2: Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), São Paulo, Brasil. O Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira, com cerca de 250 cavernas, situado em reserva de floresta Atlântica, é uma importante atração turística na região do Vale do Ribeira, onde a leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) é endêmica. Com o objetivo de investigar as espécies incômodas ao homem e/ou implicadas na transmissão de Leishmania, identificou-se a fauna flebotomínea e alguns aspectos ecológicos de suas populações no núcleo da caverna Santana. Mensalmente, de janeiro/2001 a dezembro/2002, foram realizadas capturas com armadilhas automáticas luminosas em 11 ecótopos, incluindo cavernas, florestas, área de camping e ambientes domiciliares, e com armadilhas de Shannon em mata. No total capturouse 2.449 flebotomíneos, representando 21 espécies. Nas capturas com armadilhas automáticas luminosas, Psathyromyia pascalei e Psychodopygus ayrozai foram as mais abundantes. Com as armadilhas de Shannon branca e preta instaladas simultaneamente foram capturados 107 espécimes, representando 13 espécies, na preta (12 espécies) e na branca (6 espécies). Fêmeas de Psychodopygus geniculatus predominaram na preta (43,75%), e Psathyromyia lanei e Ps. ayrozai, igualmente (32,4%), na branca. Nyssomyia intermedia e Nyssomyia neivai, ambas implicadas na transmissão da LTA na região, também foram capturadas, Ny. intermedia, a 6ª mais abundante, predominou na área de camping aberto. Baixas freqüências de flebotomíneos foram observadas nas cavernas, onde Evandromyia edwardsi predominou. Destaca-se a captura de Lutzomyia longipalpis, principal vetor do agente da leishmaniose visceral americana, sendo o registro mais meridional da mata Alântica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE. Cavernas; ecologia; flebotomíneos; leishmaniose; vetores. A great concentration of carbonate karst areas, commonly favorable to the formation of caves, is to be found in the eastern half of Brazil, mainly in the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais and Goiás. Among the fourteen most extensive of them, with an area of about 11,900 km 2 and noteworthy as containing the largest number of caves, is the rock formation of the Açungui group, in the Speleological Province of the Ribeira Valley, in southeastern Brazil, largely in the south of São Paulo State (Auler 2002). This province, located on the left bank of the Ribeira de Iguape river, is in great part situated on the Serra de Paranapiacaba, mainly in two forest reserves: the Upper Ribeira State Tourist Park-Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), with about 250 registered caves, and the Intervalleys State Park-Parque Estadual Intervales (PEI) (~80 caves) (T. Gonçalves, pers. comm.). This great number of caves and the remnant of Atlantic forest have attracted many people interested in ecological tourism to these parks. Caves are natural cavities in the subsoil that may be interconnected by subterranean spaces and most of the Açungui rock formations contain active drainage (Auler
PLoS ONE, 2012
Sandflies are holometabolous insects that are of great epidemiological importance in the neotropical region as vectors of leishmaniases. Caves are ecotopes that significantly differ from external environments and, among the insects that live or visit their internal area and adjacent environment, sandflies are commonly found. Based on this context, the objective of this work was to examine the period of activity of sandflies in the cave environment in the aphotic zone. Thus, four sandfly captures were conducted, one in each season of the year, in a cave where studies on the bioecological aspects of sandfly fauna have been conducted since 2008. In this same study, we have also noticed the presence of flagellates in some captured females. Catches were carried out for 24 hours using a Shannon trap, light bait, and cave walls were actively searched. We collected a total of 638 sandflies, representing 11 species. The most abundant species and with more intense period of activity were, in descending order: Lu. cavernicola (62%), Ev. spelunca (16%) and Ev. sallesi (14%). A total of 69 females were dissected to check for natural infection, and in five specimens we found living flagellated forms: two Ev. spelunca, two Ev. sallesi and one Sc. sordellii. This study shows that the activity of some species caught in the aphotic zone of the cave, especially Lu. cavernicola, differs from what has already been reported in previous sandfly captures, which are almost always conducted at night and during twilight. The existence of sandflies that were naturally infected with flagellates and the lack of awareness regarding the behaviour of sandflies in cave environments are strong indicators of the need for further study on this group of insects in this ecotope, as a safety measure to protect the visitors of such environment.
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2010
The Parque Estadual do Alto Ribeira (PETAR) with about 250 caves, in an Atlantic forest reserve, is an important ecotourist attraction in the Ribeira Valley, an endemic area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). With the purpose of investigating Leishmania vector species bothersome to humans the sandfly fauna was identified and some of its ecological aspects in the Santana nucleus, captures were undertaken monthly with automatic light traps in 11 ecotopes, including caves, forests, a camping site and domiciliary environments, and on black and white Shannon traps, from January/2001 to December/2002. A total of 2,449 sandflies representing 21 species were captured. The highest values of abundance obtained in the captures with automatic light traps were for Psathyromyia pascalei and Psychodopygus ayrozai. A total of 107 specimens representing 13 species were captured on black (12 species) and white (6 species) Shannon traps set simultaneously. Psychodopygus geniculatus females predominated on the black (43.75%), and Psathyromyia lanei and Ps. ayrozai equally (32.4%) on the white. Nyssomyia intermedia and Nyssomyia neivai, both implicated in the transmission of ACL in the Brazilian Southeastern region, were also captured. Ny. intermedia predominated in the open camping area. Low frequencies of phlebotomines were observed in the caves, where Evandromyia edwardsi predominated Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of the American visceral leishmaniasis, was aslo present. This is its most southernly reported occurrence in the Atlantic forest. KEYWORDS. Caves; ecology; leishmaniasis; sandfly; vectors. RESUMO. Flebotomíneos (Diptera, Psychodidae) na província Espeleológica do Vale do Ribeira. 2: Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), São Paulo, Brasil. O Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira, com cerca de 250 cavernas, situado em reserva de floresta Atlântica, é uma importante atração turística na região do Vale do Ribeira, onde a leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) é endêmica. Com o objetivo de investigar as espécies incômodas ao homem e/ou implicadas na transmissão de Leishmania, identificou-se a fauna flebotomínea e alguns aspectos ecológicos de suas populações no núcleo da caverna Santana. Mensalmente, de janeiro/2001 a dezembro/2002, foram realizadas capturas com armadilhas automáticas luminosas em 11 ecótopos, incluindo cavernas, florestas, área de camping e ambientes domiciliares, e com armadilhas de Shannon em mata. No total capturouse 2.449 flebotomíneos, representando 21 espécies. Nas capturas com armadilhas automáticas luminosas, Psathyromyia pascalei e Psychodopygus ayrozai foram as mais abundantes. Com as armadilhas de Shannon branca e preta instaladas simultaneamente foram capturados 107 espécimes, representando 13 espécies, na preta (12 espécies) e na branca (6 espécies). Fêmeas de Psychodopygus geniculatus predominaram na preta (43,75%), e Psathyromyia lanei e Ps. ayrozai, igualmente (32,4%), na branca. Nyssomyia intermedia e Nyssomyia neivai, ambas implicadas na transmissão da LTA na região, também foram capturadas, Ny. intermedia, a 6ª mais abundante, predominou na área de camping aberto. Baixas freqüências de flebotomíneos foram observadas nas cavernas, onde Evandromyia edwardsi predominou. Destaca-se a captura de Lutzomyia longipalpis, principal vetor do agente da leishmaniose visceral americana, sendo o registro mais meridional da mata Alântica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE. Cavernas; ecologia; flebotomíneos; leishmaniose; vetores. A great concentration of carbonate karst areas, commonly favorable to the formation of caves, is to be found in the eastern half of Brazil, mainly in the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais and Goiás. Among the fourteen most extensive of them, with an area of about 11,900 km 2 and noteworthy as containing the largest number of caves, is the rock formation of the Açungui group, in the Speleological Province of the Ribeira Valley, in southeastern Brazil, largely in the south of São Paulo State (Auler 2002). This province, located on the left bank of the Ribeira de Iguape river, is in great part situated on the Serra de Paranapiacaba, mainly in two forest reserves: the Upper Ribeira State Tourist Park-Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), with about 250 registered caves, and the Intervalleys State Park-Parque Estadual Intervales (PEI) (~80 caves) (T. Gonçalves, pers. comm.). This great number of caves and the remnant of Atlantic forest have attracted many people interested in ecological tourism to these parks. Caves are natural cavities in the subsoil that may be interconnected by subterranean spaces and most of the Açungui rock formations contain active drainage (Auler
Revista Brasileira De Entomologia, 2010
The Parque Estadual do Alto Ribeira (PETAR) with about 250 caves, in an Atlantic forest reserve, is an important ecotourist attraction in the Ribeira Valley, an endemic area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). With the purpose of investigating Leishmania vector species bothersome to humans the sandfly fauna was identified and some of its ecological aspects in the Santana nucleus, captures were undertaken monthly with automatic light traps in 11 ecotopes, including caves, forests, a camping site and domiciliary environments, and on black and white Shannon traps, from January/2001 to December/2002. A total of 2,449 sandflies representing 21 species were captured. The highest values of abundance obtained in the captures with automatic light traps were for Psathyromyia pascalei and Psychodopygus ayrozai. A total of 107 specimens representing 13 species were captured on black (12 species) and white (6 species) Shannon traps set simultaneously. Psychodopygus geniculatus females predominated on the black (43.75%), and Psathyromyia lanei and Ps. ayrozai equally (32.4%) on the white. Nyssomyia intermedia and Nyssomyia neivai, both implicated in the transmission of ACL in the Brazilian Southeastern region, were also captured. Ny. intermedia predominated in the open camping area. Low frequencies of phlebotomines were observed in the caves, where Evandromyia edwardsi predominated Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of the American visceral leishmaniasis, was aslo present. This is its most southernly reported occurrence in the Atlantic forest. KEYWORDS. Caves; ecology; leishmaniasis; sandfly; vectors. RESUMO. Flebotomíneos (Diptera, Psychodidae) na província Espeleológica do Vale do Ribeira. 2: Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), São Paulo, Brasil. O Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira, com cerca de 250 cavernas, situado em reserva de floresta Atlântica, é uma importante atração turística na região do Vale do Ribeira, onde a leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) é endêmica. Com o objetivo de investigar as espécies incômodas ao homem e/ou implicadas na transmissão de Leishmania, identificou-se a fauna flebotomínea e alguns aspectos ecológicos de suas populações no núcleo da caverna Santana. Mensalmente, de janeiro/2001 a dezembro/2002, foram realizadas capturas com armadilhas automáticas luminosas em 11 ecótopos, incluindo cavernas, florestas, área de camping e ambientes domiciliares, e com armadilhas de Shannon em mata. No total capturouse 2.449 flebotomíneos, representando 21 espécies. Nas capturas com armadilhas automáticas luminosas, Psathyromyia pascalei e Psychodopygus ayrozai foram as mais abundantes. Com as armadilhas de Shannon branca e preta instaladas simultaneamente foram capturados 107 espécimes, representando 13 espécies, na preta (12 espécies) e na branca (6 espécies). Fêmeas de Psychodopygus geniculatus predominaram na preta (43,75%), e Psathyromyia lanei e Ps. ayrozai, igualmente (32,4%), na branca. Nyssomyia intermedia e Nyssomyia neivai, ambas implicadas na transmissão da LTA na região, também foram capturadas, Ny. intermedia, a 6ª mais abundante, predominou na área de camping aberto. Baixas freqüências de flebotomíneos foram observadas nas cavernas, onde Evandromyia edwardsi predominou. Destaca-se a captura de Lutzomyia longipalpis, principal vetor do agente da leishmaniose visceral americana, sendo o registro mais meridional da mata Alântica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE. Cavernas; ecologia; flebotomíneos; leishmaniose; vetores. A great concentration of carbonate karst areas, commonly favorable to the formation of caves, is to be found in the eastern half of Brazil, mainly in the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais and Goiás. Among the fourteen most extensive of them, with an area of about 11,900 km 2 and noteworthy as containing the largest number of caves, is the rock formation of the Açungui group, in the Speleological Province of the Ribeira Valley, in southeastern Brazil, largely in the south of São Paulo State (Auler 2002). This province, located on the left bank of the Ribeira de Iguape river, is in great part situated on the Serra de Paranapiacaba, mainly in two forest reserves: the Upper Ribeira State Tourist Park-Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), with about 250 registered caves, and the Intervalleys State Park-Parque Estadual Intervales (PEI) (~80 caves) (T. Gonçalves, pers. comm.). This great number of caves and the remnant of Atlantic forest have attracted many people interested in ecological tourism to these parks. Caves are natural cavities in the subsoil that may be interconnected by subterranean spaces and most of the Açungui rock formations contain active drainage (Auler
PLoS ONE, 2013
Phlebotomines are invertebrate hosts of Leishmania genus species which are etiological agents of leishmaniases in humans and other mammals. Sandflies are often collected in entomological studies of caves both in the inner area and the adjacent environments. Caves are ecotypes clearly different from the external environment. Several caves have been opened to public visitation before any studies were performed and the places do not have scientific monitoring of the fauna, flora, geological and geographical characteristics. These events can lead to the loss of geological and biological information. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to describe the sand fly fauna, including the ecological features, in a limestone cave at the Speleological Province of Bambuí (Minas Gerais State, Brazil). A total of 8,354 specimens of sandflies belonging to 29 species were analyzed: Lutzomyia cavernicola (20%), Nyssomyia intermedia (15%), Martinsmyia oliveirai (13%), Evandromyia spelunca (12%), Evandromyia sallesi (11%), Migonemyia migonei (9%), Nyssomyia whitmani (9%), Sciopemyia sordellii (4%) and Lutzomyia longipalpis (2%). The others species represent 5% of the total. This manuscript presents data found on richness, diversity, evenness and seasonality, comparing the sand fly fauna trapped in the cave and its surroundings.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 2015
The presence of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the communities of the Campus FIOCRUZ Mata Atlântica (CFMA) in the City of Rio de Janeiro initiated the investigation of the Phlebotominae fauna in the Atlantic Forest to determine the occurrence of putative ACL vectors associated with the enzootic cycle. Methods: For 24 consecutive months, sand fl ies were captured inside the forest and in the border area near the communities. Results: The following sand fl y species were identifi ed: Brumptomyia brumpti, Brumptomyia cunhai, Brumptomyia nitzulescui, Lutzomyia edwardsi, Lutzomyia pelloni, and Lutzomyia quinquefer. Other identifi ed sand fl y vectors, such as Lutzomyia intermedia (the predominant species), Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia whitmani, Lutzomyia fi scheri, and Lutzomyia hirsuta hirsuta, are associated with ACL transmission, and the vector for American visceral leishmaniases (AVL), Lutzomyia longipalpis, was also found. Conclusions: All sand fl y vectors were found in both studied environments except for Lutzomyia whitmani, which was only identifi ed in the forest. This study represents the fi rst identifi cation of Lutzomyia longipalpis in the CFMA, and the epidemiological implications are discussed.
Neotropical Entomology, 2009
Flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidae) na Área Urbana do Município de Cianorte, PR RESUMO-A endemicidade da leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) no município de Cianorte, PR, a ocorrência de casos humanos com provável local de infecção na área urbana, a presença de mata nativa modifi cada de preservação permanente no perímetro urbano e o desconhecimento da fauna de fl ebotomíneos no município motivaram a realização deste trabalho. Procurou-se conhecer a fauna, frequência e sazonalidade de fl ebotomíneos no peridomicílio e na fl oresta, na área urbana desse município. Os fl ebotomíneos foram coletados com armadilhas de Falcão instaladas no peridomicílio e na fl oresta, no período de julho de 2005 a junho de 2006. Foram coletados 755 fl ebotomíneos, com predomínio da espécie Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) (84,0%), seguida da espécie Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto) (12,7%). O número de fl ebotomíneos coletados foi maior no peridomicílio (P = 0.0068). O pequeno número de fl ebotomíneos coletados, principalmente na fl oresta, pode estar relacionado às alterações ambientais realizadas no entorno do Parque Cinturão Verde que circunda a área urbana do município. Cinco espécies de fl ebotomíneos foram assinaladas na área urbana do município de Cianorte, com maior frequência no peridomicílio, especialmente nos meses de novembro a abril. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de se manterem as medidas que contribuem para evitar o contato do homem com os fl ebotomíneos, diminuindo o risco de transmissão de LTA. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Leishmaniose cutânea, mata nativa modifi cada ABSTRACT-The endemicity of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the Cianorte municipality, Paraná State the occurrence of human cases with the probable infection locus in the urban area, the presence of a permanently preserved modifi ed native forest in the urban perimeter, and the lack of knowledge of the fauna of sand fl ies in the municipality provided the impetus for this study. The objective of this study was to assess the fauna, frequency and seasonality of the sand fl ies in the peridomicile, forest and urban area of this municipality. Sand fl ies were collected using Falcão light traps installed in the peridomicile and forest, from July 2005 to June 2006. A total of 755 sand fl ies were collected; Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) (84.0%), followed by Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto) (12.7%) were the predominant species. The number of sand fl ies collected in the peridomicile was signifi cantly higher than in the forest (P = 0.0068). The small number of sand fl ies collected, especially in the forest, may be related to the modifi cations to the environment on the edge of the Parque Cinturão Verde, which surrounds the urban area of the municipality. Five species of sand fl ies were distinguished in the urban area of Cianorte, with greater frequencies found in the peridomicile, especially from November to April. Our data illustrate the necessity of maintaining the measures that contributed to reduce human contact with sand fl ies, thereby reducing the transmission risk of ACL.
Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2002
Peixoto de Azevedo is located in the north of State of Mato Grosso, where environmental alterations led to an outbreak of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the 80s. The parasite from patients was characterized as Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. The aim of this study is to contribute to the sand fly ecology of Central-West Brazil. Captures were carried out monthly using CDC light traps. Twenty-six species of sand fly were characterized; among which Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) spathotrichia, L. runoides and L. (Psychodopygus) llanosmartinsi were recorded in the State of Mato Grosso for the first time. L. (Nyssomyia) whitmani, L. (N.) antunesi, L. (L.) spathotrichia, L. (P.) c. carrerai, L. (P.) complexa, L. (P.) lainsoni and L. (N.) umbratilis constituted 92.4% of the local fauna, among which L. (N.) whitmani and L. (N.) antunesi, accounting for about 53% of the fauna at the stations of capture. On the vertical distribution of sand flies on the Beira-Rio Farm, L. (N.) whitmani and L. (N.) antunesi prevailed at ground level and in the canopy, respectively, whereas on the BR-080, L. (P.) llanosmartinsi was prevalent on the ground and L. (P.) c. carrerai, in the canopy. It is suggested that L. (N.) umbratilis is the local vector.
Cadernos De Saude Publica, 2007
The sand fly fauna in Itatiaia National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was investigated in different habitats ranging from sylvatic areas to those altered by human activity related to ecotourism, specifically identifying species that have been suggested as potential leishmaniasis vectors. Sand flies were captured from June 2002 to March 2004, using CDC light traps and Shannon traps. A total of 1,256 sand fly specimens were captured, from species belonging to genera Lutzomyia and Brumptomyia: Brumptomyia guimaraesi, B. troglodytes, Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) amarali, L. lanei, L. migonei, L. sallesi, L. edwardsi, L. tupynambai, L. (Pintomyia) pessoai, L. (P.) bianchigalatie, L. rupicola, L. (Psathyromyia) shannoni, L. pascalei, L. (Psychodopygus) matosi, L. (P.) davisi, L. (P.) hirsuta hirsuta, L. (P.) ayrozai, L. peresi, L. monticola, and L. misionensis. Worthy of special attention were four species that are considered potential vectors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil: L. ayrozai, L. hirsuta hirsuta, L. migonei, and L. davisi, representing 19.19% of the specimens captured in this study.