Decreased fitness of herbicide resistant weeds suggests options for management Case study, Alopecurus myosuroides (original) (raw)
Related papers
2017
A.myosuroides is a key weed in many agricultural areas of Western Europe with cases of resistance to ACCase-inhibitor and ALS-inhibitor constantly increasing. A case control study was conducted to assess the resistance situation at a local landscape level with the aim to 1) assess the resistance status at a given location, 2) characterize the spread and temporal development of resistance, 3) analyze factors contributing to resistance and 4) attempt to predict resistance development at the field level to manage resistance evolution before the occurrence of a problem. 1225 fields were sampled for between one and six years. The infestation level in the field was estimated and the remaining efficacy of seeds from field survivors on ACCase and ALS-inhibitors were tested using whole plant greenhouse bioassays together with laboratory analysis. At harvest time only 6% of all samples collected showed infestation levels reducing yields. Resistance to the ACCase-inhibitors of the FOP and DEN ...
Communications in agricultural and applied biological sciences, 2009
Black-grass is a common grass weed, widely spread in Northern Europe and also in Belgium. For ages, it has been an increasing problem in industrial crops, especially winter cereals. Therefore, farmers started to spray herbicide intensively and soon cases of failure occurred for different molecules and different modes of action. Black-grass populations have been tested in greenhouses to assess the influence of an herbicide treatment as to the resistance level regarding three different herbicides: chlortoluron, fenoxaprop-P and mesosulfuron+iodosulfuron. Black-grass seeds were collected in field trials in six locations in Belgium, on individuals which have survived the herbicide treatment. Each population comes from trial plots, measuring 2 meters wide by 5 meters long and characterized by a single or a combination of products. Herbicides sprayed were isoproturon, flufenacet+diflufenican, ACCase inhibitors and ALS inhibitors. Seeds were also collected in the untreated plots. The popul...
Regional study of herbicide resistance of Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. in France
Since the 1990s in the north-west of Europe, the spread of herbicide resistance in wheat weeds such as Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (blackgrass) is becoming more and more important. In the French administrative district Côte d'Or resistance to fenoxaprop within A. myosuroides populations was first detected in 1996. In 2003, 149 fields from this district were randomly sampled and about 125 A. myosuroides populations were tested for herbicide resistance. The agronomic history of all sites was investigated. Most the populations of A. myosuroides investigated contained at least 50 % of plants with resistance to fenoxaprop. In 53 and 9 % of these populations at least 50 % of plants were resistant to flupyrsulfuron and to clodinafop, respectively. Only one population could be considered as resistant to isoproturon. Strategies for A. myosuroides control are discussed in the light of this work. Herbicide resistance of A. myosuroides in the district Côte d'Or was mapped using GIS and the software Arcview®.
PLoS ONE, 2013
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) alleles carrying one point mutation that confers resistance to herbicides have been identified in arable grass weed populations where resistance has evolved under the selective pressure of herbicides. In an effort to determine whether herbicide resistance evolves from newly arisen mutations or from standing genetic variation in weed populations, we used herbarium specimens of the grass weed Alopecurus myosuroides to seek mutant ACCase alleles carrying an isoleucine-to-leucine substitution at codon 1781 that endows herbicide resistance. These specimens had been collected between 1788 and 1975, i.e., prior to the commercial release of herbicides inhibiting ACCase. Among the 734 specimens investigated, 685 yielded DNA suitable for PCR. Genotyping the ACCase locus using the derived Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (dCAPS) technique identified one heterozygous mutant specimen that had been collected in 1888. Occurrence of a mutant codon encoding a leucine residue at codon 1781 at the heterozygous state was confirmed in this specimen by sequencing, clearly demonstrating that resistance to herbicides can pre-date herbicides in weeds. We conclude that point mutations endowing resistance to herbicides without having associated deleterious pleiotropic effects can be present in weed populations as part of their standing genetic variation, in frequencies higher than the mutation frequency, thereby facilitating their subsequent selection by herbicide applications. Citation: Délye C, Deulvot C, Chauvel B (2013) DNA Analysis of Herbarium Specimens of the Grass Weed Alopecurus myosuroides Reveals Herbicide Resistance Pre-Dated Herbicides. PLoS ONE 8(10): e75117.
New Phytologist, 2006
Effective herbicide resistance management requires an assessment of the range of spatial dispersion of resistance genes among weed populations and identification of the vectors of this dispersion. • In the grass weed Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass), seven alleles of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase ( ACCase ) gene are known to confer herbicide resistance. Here, we assessed their respective frequencies and spatial distribution on two nested geographical scales (the whole of France and the French administrative district of Côte d'Or) by genotyping 13 151 plants originating from 243 fields. • Genetic variation in ACCase was structured in local populations at both geographical scales. No spatial structure in the distribution of resistant ACCase alleles and no isolation by distance were detected at either geographical scale investigated. • These data, together with ACCase sequencing and data from the literature, suggest that evolution of A. myosuroides resistance to herbicides occurred at the level of the field or group of adjacent fields by multiple, independent appearances of mutant ACCase alleles that seem to have rather restricted spatial propagation. Seed transportation by farm machinery seems the most likely vector for resistance gene dispersal in A. myosuroides .
Crop Protection, 2015
Alopecurus myosuroides Huds is one of the most important grass-weeds in Northwestern Europe and is also the most important herbicide-resistant weed species in European agricultural systems. Fifty-three Danish A. myosuroides populations, previously confirmed to be fenoxaprop-P resistant, were evaluated for five and two known mutation points within the ACCase and ALS genes, respectively. The resistance pattern of 28 out of the 53 populations was investigated to four herbicides using a seed bioassay technique. A whole plant dose response experiment was conducted on seven populations in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the accuracy of the seed bioassay results. Two resistant populations from the UK and a susceptible population from Denmark were included as reference populations in all experiments. Of the 53 populations, nine (17%) populations were ACCase target site resistant (TSR), all with a mutation at the Ile-1781 position. No mutations conferring TSR to ALS inhibitors were detected in the 53 populations. The seed bioassay results showed that all populations had varying degrees of resistance to fenoxaprop-P. In contrast, all populations were susceptible to cycloxydim suggesting that non-target site resistance (NTSR) was present in all populations including the ones where TSR were found. The seed bioassay was not a suitable method for detecting resistance to the residual herbicides pendimethalin and prosulfocarb. The whole plant dose response experiment results confirmed the results of the seed bioassay for fenoxaprop-P and cycloxydim. Three and two out of seven populations were also resistant to flupyrsulfuron and pendimethalin, respectively, while all resistant populations were susceptible to mesosulfuron þ iodosulfuron. The widespread occurrence of particularly NTSR is a severe challenge to the effective management of A. myosuroides. In Denmark this challenge is even more prominent due to few modes of action being available for A. myosuroides control mainly due to national regulation on groundwater protection.
2010
*Boursier FRIA RÉSUMÉ L'hérédité de la résistance par mutation de cible chez le vulpin des champs a été évaluée en observant le pourcentage d'individus résistants engendrés par croisements. Après germination, les plantes ont été génotypées comme homo-ou hétérozygotes pour la mutation W574 du gène de l'ALS conférant la résistance. Les individus sont ensuite transplantés en parterre extérieur et croisés entre eux et avec des individus issus d'une population sensible connue. Pour éviter un apport de pollen extérieur, les plantes sont ensachées dans un tissu pollen-proof lors de la floraison. Le taux d'autogamie facultative a également été testée, en isolant les épis un par un. Les semences issues des croisements sont ensuite récoltées et testées en serres. Leur ADN a également été analysé.
2012
Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (black-grass) has always been a major concern for cereal growers, and the development of herbicide resistance does not improve the situation. This review article summarizes the different traits involved in the dispersal pattern of herbicide resistant black-grass individuals within a susceptible field population. Therefore, the whole life cycle of black-grass is depicted from the seed to the seed. From the early vegetative development to the seed falling, every stage is described, taking into account how herbicide resistance can influence or exert a different impact compared to susceptible plants.Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (vulpin des champs) a toujours été une préoccupation majeure pour les céréaliculteurs et le développement de la résistance aux herbicides n’améliore pas la situation. Cet article de synthèse résume les différents critères impliqués dans les modèles de dispersion d’individus de vulpin des champs au sein d’un champ ou d’une population s...