Medical Ethics: A slow but sustained revolution in Pakistan’s healthcare (original) (raw)
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2012
Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of medical teachers regarding medical ethics, and to provide a baseline to prepare bioethics curricula and training modules for the teachers. Study Design: Cross-sectional Settings: Three medical colleges of Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan Inclusion Criterion: Assistant Professors and above; and lecturers doing their MPhil / PhD Duration of Study: January to September, 2010 Sampling Technique: Simple Convenient Method Sample Size: 202 Results: All of the study participants conducted research in their field of specialty; to get promotion (71%), get funding (9%), discover new ideas/theories (4%), for personal interest (5%), and multiple reasons (11%). Among them, 16% had received training of research / bioethics, and only 2% got refresher training. Eighty two percent knew the existence of ethical review committee in their institution; 55% got prior approval from ERC, 32% declared conflict of interest, 17% taug...
Seishin shinkeigaku zasshi = Psychiatria et neurologia Japonica, 1986
2015
Age of medi cine is as old as the age of human on the earth. The doctor today is a scientist, technologist and healer at the same time. simple and uniform. Nor is the ethics simply a matter between the doctor and society with its entire economic and political dimension is involved in much bigger way. Certain basic traditional thoughts given by ancient Indian teachers like Hippocrates, Charaka, Sushrutha and Vagbhata are still become relevant. Medic as a normative discipline but as a practical course with its own problems and considerations. As per Indian outlook, the role of ethics is certainly vast and varied, from treating a common cold, to controversy on euthanasia, from the simple obligations of a family doctor, to the specialist services in the high cost, high technology five star nursing homes.
A new world has probably emerged through the progression of technology which has led to significant debates on social, cultural, legal, and ethical issues, especially in the biomedical field in this century. Application of physician-patient relationship, principles of pluralism, autonomy, democracy, human dignity, and human rights is being challenged within the medicine and health-care system of today. Development of technology-based remedies has fostered greater degrees of medicalization. Hence, the automatic application of such technologies risks distorting the nature of medicine. To be sure, there is a cultural shift that is affecting the society that is increasingly unable to adapt to traditional legal systems. This cultural shift, perhaps, demands new ethics. This entry aims to evaluate the gap between traditional deontological nature of medicine and the emerging new ethics and assess why bioethical reflection is needed.
European Journal of Environment and Public Health
Introduction: Healthcare ethics is of prime importance and medical students should learn to incorporate it in their everyday practices. Our study aimed to assess and compare the knowledge of medical ethics among students enrolled in a government and a private medical college of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November-December 2019 among 380 medical students who were recruited via convenience sampling after getting their informed consent. A pre-tested, selfadministered structured questionnaire was used to assess knowledge. Data was analyzed by Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 22. Results: Majority, 323 (85%) regarded medical ethics as important while 138 (36.3%) had acquired their knowledge from different workshops. Almost half, 187 (49.2%) had knowledge regarding Hippocratic Oath. When asked regarding ethical scenarios, 69 (18.2%) students in government medical college were of the opinion that a doctor can refuse to perform abortion even if law allows it as compared to 57 (15.0%) in private medical college (p=0.019). Moreover, 80 (21.1%) students in government medical college strongly disagreed that a patient who wishes to die should be assisted in doing so, as compared to 45 (11.8%) in private medical college (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Students had knowledge and were aware of the importance of ethics in their profession. The ones belonging to government medical college held stronger views regarding ethical scenarios as compared to the ones in private medical college.
Ethics in medical education, practice, and research: An insight
A combination of moral principles and values that are applied to take judgements in medical education, practice, and research are termed as medical ethics. There have been other many traditional medical ethics guidelines brought about by Muslim Ishaq ibn Ali al-ruhawi wrote “the Conduct of physicians”, Jewish and Catholic scholastic thinkers over time. Ethics in modern medicine started way back in 18 century when Thomas Percival, a physician based in England, wrote a book on medical ethics and coined the terminology of medical ethics and medical jurisprudence. The medical profession should be viewed differently and a rethought on the ethical practices is the need of hour to make it an exciting and fulilling profession. A rethink on the status of modern medicine will certainly pave the way for obtaining speciic answers for many dilemmas in modern medicine including the best ethical codes and practices
2011
Abstract Human subjects' participation in medical research has often raised ethical concerns. After Nazi exploitation; various Guidelines & Declarations were prepared, but still unethical behaviour of healthcare practitioners is being reported. After graduation and entering into practical field; sudden exposure to challenges makes it difficult to take decisions, which shows a lacuna in traditional medical training. There are debates about inclusion of practical ethics in medical curricula.