Finding the Optimized Frequency of Electric Field on the Attempt of Reducing Blood Sugar Level in Type II Diabetes Patients (original) (raw)
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Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, 2012
The effect of 850 MHz electromagnetic radiation on diabetic blood at 2 W and 60 W power levels was investigated and compared with normal blood cells. The power levels respectively represent radiations from a cell phone and the cell phone tower, both operating 850 MHz. A GTEM cell was designed for the tests to generate the desired uniform electromagnetic field and power in a shielded environment. Blood samples, having normal and high glucose concentrations, were placed in the usable area inside the GTEM cell for 10, 30, 60 minutes and the glucose levels and red and white blood cell viabilities were monitored and compared with the controls. Results show that the 850 MHz exposure significantly influences the blood cell counts and the glucose level in both normal and high glucose blood samples. In cell survivability analysis in normal blood samples it was found that the white blood cells are significantly higher than the control at 60 min exposure from cell phone radiation, while both the white and red blood cell are significantly higher following a 30 min exposure from tower radiation. For high glucose blood tests at 30 and 60 min exposure times, the tower radiation for 60 min and the cell phone radiation at both the exposure times show significantly changes in white blood cell counts, whereas there was no effect in red blood cells. Also, for 30 and 60 min exposure times, the glucose
A Review of Non-invasive Electromagnetic Blood Glucose Monitoring Techniques
Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
Diabetes is a big concern worldwide, and the International Diabetes Federation estimates there are over 450 million diabetics throughout the world. Researchers have been exploring a rapid and easy technique of calculating blood glucose. We already have reliable tests with improved precision for sensing blood glucose, but it comes with the expense of discomfort and agony because of employing a pricking needle. Technologies established during the previous few decades strive for a painless gadget that can be used as often as possible, dependable, efficient, and accurate. Most importantly, it must be straightforward to use with minimal hassles. This evaluation attempts to give the breakthroughs at present being researched for non-invasive electromagnetic (EM) glucose monitoring systems. This study acknowledges features and possibilities of accessible EM glucose monitoring techniques, just as basic qualities and execution elements for an ideal non-invasive instrument.
Effect of erythrocytes oscillations on dielectric properties of human diabetic-blood
2011
It has been demonstrated that the erythrocytes (RBCs) oscillate during their tank-treading motion with high-frequency oscillations. This oscillatory motion drastically affects the dielectric and electrical properties of RBCs. Moreover, the glucose level in blood affects the electrical and dielectric properties of blood. It has been, also, shown that the frequency of these oscillations exponentially decrease from 1.2 MHz down to 0.85 MHz with variation of glucose level from 85 mg∕dL up to 346.1 mg∕dL. It is expected that these oscillations strongly affect the general physiological properties of blood and would stimulate the curiosity of scientists and bioengineers to present new, more efficient, rapid, safe and viable diagnostic and∕or therapeutic methods for blood disorders; in particular diabetes.
Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine
Introduction. Electrophotonic imaging (EPI), also known as gas discharge visualization, is a technique of capturing images of phenomena not quantifiable by the naked eye. Different sectors at the tip of fingers represent various organs and systems as per the Chinese system of acupuncture. The images from these fingertips can be used to determine the state of health. This is done with the help of a CCD camera fitted in the EPI equipment and the specific software relevant for analysis. Aim. To observe the correlation between EPI parameters and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels in normal, prediabetic, and diabetic study participants. Materials and Methods. A total of 102 participants were selected for this study from various yoga camps and Arogyadham at Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana Yoga University, Bengaluru, India. The selected participants belonged to 3groups—normal, prediabetic, and diabetic—depending on the FBS levels. The distribution of participants was 29 normal, ...
Bioelectromagnetics, 2016
Cutaneous blood flow provides nourishment that plays an essential role in maintaining skin health. We examined the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on cutaneous circulation of dorsal feet. Twenty-two patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 21 healthy control subjects were randomly allocated to receive either PEMFs or sham PEMFs (0.5 mT, 12 Hz, 30 min). Blood flow velocity and diameter of the small vein were examined by using ultrasound biomicroscopy; also, microcirculation at skin over the base of the 1st metatarsal bone (Flux1) and distal 1st phalange (Flux2) was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry before and after intervention. Results indicated that PEMFs produced significantly greater changes in blood flow velocity of the smallest observable vein than did sham PEMFs (both P < 0.05) in both types of subjects. However, no significant difference was found in changes of vein diameter, nor in Flux1 and Flux2, between PEMFs and sham PEMFs groups in subjects with or without DM. We hypothesized that PEMFs would increase blood flow velocity of the smallest observable vein in people with or without DM.
Veterinary World, 2020
Background and Aim: At present, diabetes is treated with oral antidiabetic medicines, such as sulfonylureas and thiazolidine, as well as insulin injection. However, these methods have several shortcomings. Therefore, alternatives for treating diabetes mellitus (DM) are needed. This study aims to determine the combined effect of magnetic and electric fields on blood sugar levels and the diameter of Langerhans islets of diabetic mice. Materials and Methods: Induction of DM in mice was carried out by administering lard for 2 weeks and continued with an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, dissolved in a 4.5 pH citrate buffer, and administered in a dose of 30 mg/kg bodyweight for 5 days. Treatments were used in combination with magnetic and electric fields using on/off infrared light. Blood samples were pipetted through the tip of mice's tails to establish the blood sugar level for each individual mouse. Histology preparation of the pancreas organ was affected using the histology standard as well as hematoxylin and eosin staining methods. Langerhans islet diameter data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan's multiple range test. Data analysis was performed at α=0.05. Results: The results showed that the combined treatment of permanent magnetic and unidirectional electric fields (PS) caused changes in blood sugar levels that were not significantly different from the normal control group. The PS treatment improved the diameter of the Langerhans islets but not to a significant degree compared to other treatments. Conclusion: The use of PS treatment is effective for reducing the blood sugar levels of diabetic mice and improving the diameter of their Langerhans islets.
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2009
The study was carried out to evaluate and compare the effect of low power, low frequency pulsed electromagnetic Þ eld (PEMF) of 600 and 800 Hz, respectively, in management of patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. SETTINGS AND DESIGNS: The study was a randomized controlled trial performed in Guru Nanak Dev University and Medical College, Amritsar, India with different subject experimental design. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty subjects within an age group of 40-68 years with diabetic polyneuropathy stages N1a, N1b, N2a were randomly allocated to groups 1, 2, 3 with 10 subjects in each. Group 1 and 2 were treated with low power 600 and 800-Hz PEMF for 30 min for 12 consecutive days. Group 3 served as control on usual medical treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). The subjects with neuropathy due to any cause other than diabetes were excluded. The pain and motor nerve conduction parameters (distal latency, amplitude, nerve conduction velocity) were assessed before and after treatment. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Related t-test and unrelated t-test were used for data analysis. RESULTS: SigniÞ cant reduction in pain and statistically signiÞ cant (P<0.05) improvement in distal latency and nerve conduction velocity were seen in experimental group 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS: Low-frequency PEMF can be used as an adjunct in reducing neuropathic pain as well as for retarding the progression of neuropathy in a short span of time.
Sensors, 2010
In recent years there has been considerable interest in the study of glucose-induced dielectric property variations of human tissues as a possible approach for non-invasive glycaemia monitoring. We have developed an electromagnetic sensor, and we tested in vitro its ability to estimate variations in glucose concentration of different solutions with similarities to blood (sodium chloride and Ringer-lactate solutions), differing though in the lack of any cellular components. The sensor was able to detect the effect of glucose variations over a wide range of concentrations (78-5,000 mg/dL), with a sensitivity of 0.22 mV/(mg/dL). Our proposed system may thus be useful in a new approach for non-invasive and non-contact glucose monitoring.
Frequency Characterization of Blood Glucose Dynamics
Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2003
Examples of the frequency range of blood glucose dynamics of normal subjects and subjects with diabetes are reported here, based on data from the literature. The frequency band edge was determined from suitable, frequently sampled blood glucose recordings using two methods: frequency domain estimation and signal reconstruction. The respective maximum acceptable sampling intervals, or Nyquist sampling periods (NSP), required to accurately represent blood glucose dynamics were calculated. Preliminary results based on the limited data available in the literature indicate that although blood glucose NSP values are higher in most diabetic subjects, values in some diabetic subjects are indistinguishable from those of normal subjects. High fidelity monitoring sufficient to follow the intrinsic blood glucose dynamics of all diabetic subjects requires a NSP of ~ 10 min, corresponding to a continuous frequency band edge of ~ 1 × 10−3 Hz. This analysis provides key information for the design of clinical studies that include blood glucose dynamics and for the design of new glucose monitoring systems. © 2003 Biomedical Engineering Society.