Biogas Plant by Using Kitchen Waste (original) (raw)
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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTING OF BIOGAS DIGESTER FOR KITCHEN WASTE
Alexandria univ., 2022
Rapid population growth, continuous development and improved living standards increased our energy demand which grew at their fastest rate and global energy consumption is expected to increase by more than 20% by 2040. On the other hand, Egypt generates about 89 million tons per year with about 457 grams daily per person, a great amount is considered a lost treasure as it has a high organic and moisture content. Biogas technology is a perfect waste management tool that can solve both energy and waste problems. Specially kitchen waste can efficiently be used to produce biogas due to its high calorific value, nutritive value and biodegradability to microbes, which will reduce dependency on fossil fuels. The work was carried out to predict kitchen waste composition and characteristics, design and constructing a home biogas digester for kitchen waste with more controlled Anaerobic Digestion (AD) parameters to enhance biogas production and be easy to use with local cheap materials with a solar power system as a power supply to use in rural areas and a filtration system in case of using produced gas for purposes but cooking. A 72-liter digester was designed with a pretreatment grinding unit, a mixing unit with a timer and a heating unit. The operation data is available to be monitored by the operator and shown on an LCD attached to the unit on a controlling box and also can be sent via Bluetooth to user's mobile to be remotely monitored. Finally, the designed digester performance was evaluated without using control units and with using control units at 35ºC and 50ºC. Kitchen waste collected from three different living standards has an average total solids, volatile solids, moisture content, ash content and organic content of 29.76%, 88.7%, 70.24%, 11.3% and 60.68% respectively. By using 9-liter laboratory-scale set-ups, three samples of kitchen waste were digested to indicate the effect of living standards on biogas yield and results showed no difference among high, medium and low living standards produced cumulative gas quantity of 16.56, 17.59 and 16.44 L respectively. By operating the designed digester without control unit and with control units at 35ºC and at 50ºC, biogas yield was increased by 300% by operating with control at 35ºC compared with operating with no control and increased more 123% by operating with control at 50ºC.
The Production of Biogas Using Kitchen Waste
Kitchen waste is the best alternative for biogas production in a community level biogas plant. It is produced when bacteria degrade organic matter in the absence of air. Biogas contains around 55‐65% of methane, 30‐40% of carbon dioxide. The calorific value of biogas is appreciably high (around 4700 kcal or 20 MJ at around 55% methane content). The gas can effectively be utilized for generation of power through a biogas based power‐generation system after dewatering and cleaning of the gas. In addition, the slurry produced in the process provides valuable organic manure for farming and sustaining the soil fertility. In this paper, an attempt has been made to test the performance of different ratio of kitchen waste in a metal made portable floating type biogas plant of volume capacity 0.018 m 3 for outdoor climatic condition of New Delhi, India. Each of the biogas plant 30 Kg slurry capacity in batch system for all measurement. During these period, the temperature, solar radiation and relative humidity have been measured. We have also analysed the constituent of biogas, pH, volume and rate of biogas production at different level of temperature observation on daily basis. Here we also compare the rate of biogas production from kitchen waste with the other energy sources used for cooking purposes like LPG, Kerosene and Coal.
Qualitative and Quantitative Feasibility of Biogas Production from Kitchen Waste
American Journal of Energy Engineering
This study focuses on production of biogas from kitchen waste using modified digester. The digester has been placed in four different conditions. As the result shows, production of gas gradually increased and peaked to 0.360, 0.260, 0.150 and 0.116m 3 at 9 th , 12 th , 17 th and 23 th days of the 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th sets respectively. Due to depletion of the developed culture and organic content of the waste, gas production becomes decreased and then nearly zero at 22 th and 29 th days of the 1 st and 2 nd sets. But For the last two cases production is not completed within thirty days. Finally, 10kg of food waste has been produced a total of 2.292, 1.783, 1.172 and 0.962m 3 of biogas from the 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th sets respectively and the best waste/water ratio is 1:2. Temperature, particle size and pH are the main factors affecting microbial activity and then methane production. Of those, temperature is the most important factor. Low pH decrease's the biogas production by facilitating hydrolysis and acidogenesis reactions and makes bacteria's to utilize the waste more readily. Generally, production of biogas in Shoarobit is more feasible, and takes short time than in Debre Berhan town.
Biogas Generation Using Kitchen Waste
The previous years has been very crucial for the whole world so in Pakistan. This situation arise due to shocking increment in the rates of oil. In order to overcome this issue most of the countries are working for the development of technology using renewable resources. These resources include solar, wind and biomass. Biomass includes cow dung, kitchen waste, wood etc. The geographical location of Pakistan is a best suit for biomass energy operation. Among these biomasses this paper will be focusing on the kitchen waste which will result in around 60% of methane gas, 30% will include carbon dioxide, 8% nitrogen and rest 1 to 2 % of hydrogen sulphide. This paper will state the best possible option to perform anaerobic digestion process in order to generate excess amount of biogas at homes. It will also discuss procedure for the removal of toxic gases which exist in biogas and can be harmful for humans as well as it degrade biogas quality. In our research, the generation of biogas and methane is done from the sugary and starch-rich material and is determined at small scale using the elementary digesters.
BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM KITCHEN WASTE: A REVIEW
International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 2019
Anaerobic digestion process produces a gaseous product, called ‘biogas’,which is composed mostly of methane and some carbon dioxide.Anaerobic digestion only releases carbon to the gas phase; the other nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and micro-nutrients) remain in the effluent, which makes it a high-quality organic fertilizer and amendment. Biogas does not have any geographical limitations nor require advanced technology for the production of energy. Anaerobic treatment is clearly suitable for India’s tropical climate. The reduced cost brought about by lower power consumption are generally enough among all the waste treatment methods even if any returns of gas utilization are neglected. The biogas is convenient source of energy. Kitchen waste from Hotels, Houses, Hostels, Canteens, Temples etc. are to be collected. Where it is a daily large amount of kitchen waste is obtained and Hence for better and effective utilization for better purpose. Biogas is valuable energy source which has high calorific value. It is also used for various purposes. Biogas production is a microbial process in which organic kitchen waste is decomposes intovaluable product like Gas and Slurry. Hence bio gas is the most eco-friendly substitute for energy. Biogas is primarily mixture of Methane (CH4), Carbon dioxide (CO2), and other gases like Ammonia (NH3), Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S), Nitrogen (N), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O2).This biogas production also performs the function of waste disposal system and it also prevents the potential source of environment and spreading pathogens and disease causing bacteria. The biogas production is also helpful for the environment cleanliness. It residues is also helpful for fertilizer in farm.
Design of biogas digester for effective utilization of kitchen waste from hostel mess
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2019
The uses of renewable energy sources are becoming very essential due to the limited reserves of fossil fuels. Biogas is a valuable renewable energy source containing 55% methane and a sustainable mode of waste disposal. This research work focusses on the biogas production from the food waste collected from a hostel mess. Kitchen waste is one of the wastes having high calorific value and can be used for solving the problem of increased demand of fuel and waste disposal. The use of biogas using kitchen waste as feedstock can help solving the problem of energy scarcity and at the same time; allow safe disposal of kitchen waste which is often unscientifically dumped or discarded. It maximizes the reduction of food waste to the ground. This biogas plant will provide biogas for cooking purpose and also manure for vegetation purpose. The kitchen waste is obtained up to 27.5 per kg/day may be produce gas up to 6.54 m3/day within 30 days of retention period.
PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS USING KITCHEN WASTE
Biogas can give a clean, effectively controlled wellspring of renewable vitality from natural waste materials for a little work information, supplanting kindling or fossil energizes. Rich biomass from different organizations could a hotspot for methane generation where mix of waste treatment of vitality creation would be leverage. The biogas digester not only produce biogas but also its by-product can be utilized for other purpose like for agriculture. This study helps to determine the amount of biogas that can be liberate form two different digester of size 24lts and 18lts respectively. After which, it is compared with a normal LPG cylinder for the percentage of energy liberated by each.
Design and Analysis of Portable Biogas Plant Using Kitchen Waste
This project is about designing and analyzing a portable biogas digester to fermentation of kitchen waste product in order to produce methane gas. The overall objective of carrying the work is to analyze the efficiency of biogas production for better performance of the digester tank and to optimize the biogas generation under normal and harsh operating conditions.
Challenges are there to face the problem of solid waste management by local authorities. Solid waste generation per capita varied from city to city and in the range of 300 gm to 525 gm. In Jaipur city the value of solid waste generation is 435 gram per capita.In Jaipur about 3.5 lac kg per day Kitchen biomass waste (KBW) is generated which consumes natural food resources. Research problem includes managing huge biomass waste and to produce energy in terms of Biogas generation and optimize utilization of biomass waste. Bioremediation i.e. anaerobic digestion is the solution for both of the problems to enhance the energy production as well as to reduce the volume and weight of Solid Waste which makes easy for Solid Waste Management. Efficient use of Cow Dung (CD) and KBW needs anaerobic digestion for Biogas production. For effective operation digestion process have many constraints includes Temperature, pH Acidity, Moisture, and substrate nutrients. In the newly developed prototype the Digester Tank of 20 liters capacity have PET Digester used for fermentation of CD and KBW. To enhance the simplification of complex compound buffering additives such as KH 2 PO 4 .7H 2 O, Na2HPO4, and NH 4 Cl are added. In this paper more effective biogas prototype has developed which will be more economically viable and eco-friendly, avoid landfill waste, generate good renewable fuel, and increase carbon credit. Overall study reveals that ideal condition for the production of bio gas is that pH of inlet bio mass must be around 7 which was obtain with the use of buffering additives and reduced particle size of KBW to easily Hydrolysis, Acidogenesis, Acetogensis and Methanogenesis of bio mass in minimum time .This work can solve the problems of kitchen waste management as well as bring the fulfillment of energy requirement in terms of Biogas and optimization of bio gas..
Analysis on Different Operational Parameters of a Biogas Plant using Kitchen waste
The objective of this work is to create biogas which will be more cost effective, eco-friendly, cut down on landfill waste, generate a high-quality renewable fuel, and reduce carbon dioxide & methane emissions. Overall by creating biogas reactors on campus in the backyard of our hostels will be beneficial. Kitchen (food waste) was collected from different sources as feedstock for our reactor which works as anaerobic digester system to produce biogas energy. The anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste produces biogas, a valuable energy resource anaerobic digestion is a microbial process for production of biogas, which consist of primarily methane (CH 4 ) & carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Biogas can be used as energy source and also for numerous purposes. But, any possible applications require knowledge & information about the composition and quantity of constituents in the biogas produced. The continuously-fed digester requires addition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to maintain the alkalinity and pH to 7. For this reactor we have prepared our Inoculum than we installed batch reactors, to which inoculum of previous cow dung slurry along with the kitchen waste was added to develop our own inoculum. A combination of these mixed inoculum was used for biogas production at 37°C in laboratory(small scale) reactor (20L capacity) In our study, the production of biogas and methane is done from the starch-rich and sugary material and is determined at laboratory scale using the simple digesters.