Beyond Transition Towards Inclusive Societies (original) (raw)

2011

Abstract

This report builds introduces a new approach to defining and monitoring social exclusion. It reverses the traditional sequence – instead of looking at the ‘usual suspects’ (groups at high risk of exclusion) it looks at individual characteristics that put the individual at risk of exclusion. Contrary to traditional group-focused approaches, this report maintains that social exclusion is about individual risks every member of society faces. Would these risks materialize in real exclusion depends on the external factors. These are the social exclusion drivers (institutions and norms, values and behavioural patterns as well as policies) and the specifics of the local context. Individual risks (say, disability) interact with the social exclusion drivers (good or poor implementation of anti-discrimination legislation) in the context of the specific local conditions (accessible or non-accessible environment). The individual risks, the social exclusion drivers and the specifics of the local conditions constitute the social exclusion chain. Given the variety of risks, social exclusion is the outcome of multiple and mutually reinforcing deprivations in one or more dimensions. The report captures the complexity of social exclusion through a multidimensional Social Exclusion Index, a measure that is based on 24 types of deprivations. The data for populating the indicator was generated through a representative survey in six Kazakhstan, Macedonia (FYR), Moldova, Serbia, Tajikistan, and Ukraine.

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