PhD (2020) - La production d’amphores à huile dans le Conventus Cordubensis (Province de Bétique, Espagne) à l’époque romaine. Nouvelles perspectives socio-économiques. Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, Universidad de Córdoba, 2020. (original) (raw)
The objective of this thesis is to trace the socio-economic history linked to the production of olive oil amphorae in the conventus of Cordoba in Roman times. This work is part of the Franco-Spanish research program OLEASTRO (2016-2019, LabEX Archimède) on the Roman pottery industry in the Guadalquivir valley. The completion of a major field survey, mixing prospections surveys and excavations have enabled us to put the whole of the archaeological data collected into perspective with the known amphoric epigraphy and ceramic ensembles of each workshop. The chronological framework corresponds to the duration of export of Baetican olive oil to the Empire, between the end of the 1st century BC to the VI century AD. Our study has focused on the productive territory of the conventus Cordubensis, an area administered by the capital of the Roman province of Baetica and situated on the banks of the Baetis, in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. The precision of the dating provided by olive oil amphoras (Dr. 20), the abundance of archeological remains and the readability of the terrains explored, have offered a considerable novel documentation and extremely favorable conditions for a broad analysis. This research has made possible to characterize the production centers (figlinae) from an archeological, epigraphical and historical point of view. After a precise redefinition of the notion of an olive oil amphora workshop and the use of the word figlina in amphoric stamps, I have been able to detail the links between different production centers, as well as reconstruct a general chronological evolution of the establishment and organization of production centers in the valley. The repertoire of ceramics produced in these workshops have been expanded and, though the use of statistical methods I have been able to propose estimations of the volumes of amphoras manufactured and subsequently the quantity of olive oil produced. Finally, the third part of this work interrogates the society of this rural area and tried to identify the involvement of families in the economic development of this part of the Baetican province.
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