A Sociology Study of Beach Boys and Impact of Their Livelihood on the School Children (Reference with Yaddehimulla GN Division in Unawatuna) Under Social Work Rehabilitation Sector (original) (raw)
Related papers
Child Labour Utilization in the Tourism Industry: A Case Study from Ampara District in Sri Lanka
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2018
The tourism industry is considered as one of the world's fastest growing economic activities and the largest employer of manpower which generates millions of employment opportunities. Since tourism is a labour intensive industry there is an escalating demand for labour in different sectors of tourism. This demand becomes a critical issue due to reasons such as the scarcity of the trained and skilled human resource, lower salaries and wages and unwillingness among many people to pursue tourism-related employment. As a remedy to this critical issue, child labour has been used frequently. They have been employed in both formal and informal sectors of the tourism industry. This situation is more common in the Sri Lanka tourism industry, especially in remote tourism regions. The main objective of this research was to study the nature of child labour in the tourism industry of the Ampara district of Eastern Tourism region of Sri Lanka. After a preliminary survey, Ulla, Panama North and Panama West GNDs of the Ampara district of Eastern tourism region were selected as the study area. Applying judgment and purposive sampling techniques, 56 child workers and 19 accommodation establishments were selected as the sample. Both quantitative and qualitative methods such as questionnaire surveys, observations, interviews, group discussions and case studies were employed to collect data. The data was analyzed applying both qualitative and quantitative analytical methods. The overall findings of the study are discussed under several subheadings including the socioeconomic and family background of child workers, the existing nature and types of child labour, reasons for selecting of employment linked to tourism, places of work, salaries and wages, the nature of expenditure and problems faced by child workers. The overall findings of this study revealed that child workers have been employed in formal and informal sectors of the tourism industry. All the child labours are in the age range between 15 to 17 years. The most common form of utilizing child labour in the study area is as sellers. Economic burdens at home are the major reasons which draw the children to these jobs. Engaging in different activities, they are able to earn an income ranging from Rs. 3,000 to 15,000 and they have spent this income on different purposes. Since there are many problems related to child labour utilization active policies and plans are timely and significant to alleviate these problems.
CHILD LABOUR: THE BENEATH TRUTH OF TOURISM
IASET, 2013
Tourism Industy has attained prestigious position owing to its rapid and spectacular growth over the last few decades and today it has been recognized as a significant factor in the economy of many nations especially in the developing countries like India. However ironically the rapid growth and development of tourism in the 21st century has produced both problems and opportunities and its impact has been seen as both positive as well as negative. With its current commercial focus, tourism has failed to protect the rights of marginalised sections of society like women, children and indigeneous communities. Tourism development without responsibility, accountability and protective measures has led to exploitation of children in the form of child abuse, trafficking, pornography and increase in child labour. All these fact in turn increase the vulnerability of children that leads them to drugs, crimes, HIV/AIDS and alienation from communities and families. This paper is an attempt to discuss the trends related to child labour in tourism industry with special reference to India also it explains the causes for child labour and the risk which a child has to face whilst working in this industy. Lastly, it discuss the role and initiatives undertaken by the international organisations, travel and tourism organisations, Government of India and by the common man to mitigate this problem
JUVENILE AT RISKS: PRECARIOUS SITUATION OF CHILD SEX WORKERS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY
Asian Journal for Poverty Studies, 5(1), 42-50, 2019
Child labor is one of the Philippines' most crucial problems, and emanates from a range of economic and social factors. This research was undertaken to describe the precarious situation of child sex workers in Cebu, Davao, Manila, and Pampanga who are in the tourism industry. Rooted on the Push-Pull factors theory and a descriptive design, it utilized an archival data-gathering method. The data were compiled from the researches done previously on child labor in the tourism industry in the Philippines that included 1046 respondents from the four provinces. Findings revealed that as they work in the establishments and streets, many of these child sex workers are 17 years old (49%), Catholic (88%), female (64%), born in the city/municipality where they work (38%), eldest child in the family (33%), have 3-4 siblings, and are living with their families (48%). A big bulk (67%) of them work to give financial support to help their families or they want to earn easy money. A good number (36%) of them work in bars/pub houses/nightclubs/gay bars/discos, and as entertainers (37%). The higher paid child sex worker earn an average of Php 900.00 per day. At the extreme high end, a few earned an average of Php 5,000 a night but their average daily earnings is only Php 400. Seven hundred-two (51%) are happy with their present jobs, while 678 (49%) also experience pain as they work. All child sex workers covered in the study were offered some form of assistance from the government, NGO’s, the Church, and school, like scholarship, jobs, and livelihood, but only 440 or 42% of them were ready to accept help. The process of reducing, if not eliminating, child labor is a vision that requires the commitment and cooperation of the government, employers, trade unions, and other sectors of society.
ABSTRACT Tourism is the world's largest globalized industry. No region has remained refrained from its impact. Although tourism brings with itself a lot of economic benefits, it also has its negative effect on the society. Goa, being one of the most preferred tourist destinations has witnessed the pro and con of tourism. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the socio cultural impact of tourism activity on a coastal village, Agonda - an upcoming beach tourist destination located in Goa, India. The research is primarily based on field based survey wherein 77 varied respondents of the village who have lived sufficiently belonging to various community, were surveyed to understand their perceptions. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques (Ttest and one way ANOVA) are used to analyze the data. The socio history of the village is also considered. Age, gender and community wise perceptions regarding emergence of tourism and its impacts are studied. The analysis reveals that majority of the respondents agree that there are positive as well as negative impacts but there is significant difference in negative perceptions of youth vis-a-vis older adults. In the context of gender, both the gender groups agree on the negative impact of tourism where as within the social groups there is significant difference in the positive perceptions of the four communities while with regards to negative perceptions all the social groups agree in their opinion.
Child labour – An Ugly Face of Travel and Hospitality Industry
Tourism industry is one of the world's fastest growing economic sector and largest employer of manpower helps in earning multi-billion dollar annually by attracting a billion of people from one destination to another. But it has a story too. Recent researches reveal that it has various social, economical, cultural, and environmental impacts on society. According to the International Labour Organization's (ILO) Global Report 2006, Tourism affects the lives of 218 million children. India has the distinction of the largest number of working children in the world today. According to Indian official statistics about 13 million children are engaged in tourism industry but unofficial estimates vary between 60-100 million. Throughout India there have been numerous studies which have shown the existence of child exploitation due to tourism. In the year 2006 the tourism and hospitality sector was added to the list of hazardous occupation under the Child Labour Act 1986. As the benefits from tourism industry is increasing day by day and attracting millions of foreign investment, the risk of child labour is increasing exponentially and along with greater demand for human trafficking. Various child labour laws have been enacted to protect the most vulnerable workers from unsafe and unhealthy work environment and to prevent minor children from being forced to work in ways that are considered detrimental to them.
Knowledge and research on sexual-economic relationships between local men and Western female tourists in different touristic locations around the world has grown, as has public interest and awareness of the phenomenon. However, the direct perspectives of the men whose lives constitute the focus of such studies remain scarce. This has resulted in the phenomenon being understood mainly and inadequately through the concepts of 'romance tourism' and 'female sex tourism'. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in Kenya's South Coast region, this article foregrounds the voices of male beach workers and the meanings they assign to these relationships, against a backdrop of the historical, social, economic and political dynamics within which these relationships are pursued. The men attest to socioeconomic hardships and marginalization, against which they seek to establish long-term intimate relationships with foreign female tourists, as well as non-sexual economically motivated friendships with foreign tourists, termed family friends. The narratives and analyses show that the pursuit of these relationships as livelihood strategies also flows from the men's struggles to fulfil traditional and contemporary ethno-societal gender expectations, through which men are generally construed as the expected breadwinners and providers.
Provisions and Perceptions of the Hosts in Business at Digha A Study of Beach Tourism in India
2012
The impact of tourism in a society is a complex and varied subject. It is generally agreed that tourism results in both positive and negative impacts for hosts of tourism destinations. There is a need to study hosts perceptions of tourism because local stakeholders are the ones who are most directly affected by tourism. The present study specifically examines the views of the hosts in 'business' at beach tourism in India. The study adopted the qualitative research approach to understand the viewpoint of the hosts concerning tourism activities in Digha. The analysis resulted in the emergence of the four major themes including livelihood, administration, entertainment and closet services. The findings exposes that the hosts perceived tourism as one component of a larger system of growth and development within the area. Furthermore, hosts recognize the complex nature of tourism impacts and identify several indirect and induced impacts resulted from tourism activities. The work ...
Child Sex Tourism Recruitment Techniques
Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology, 2020
The tourism industry generates billions of dollars. However, it has negative impacts on communities. The rationale for this systematic literature review is to examine the techniques perpetrators use to recruit children into the child sex tourism, share knowledge to spark and inspire processes that will usher rapid growth from all directions in the fight against the menace. A systematic review of the literatures using different sources was actuated. Google Search Engine and Scholar Search Engine were used to search articles. In summary, the techniques used to recruit children into child sex tourism are numerous can be simply pooled and catalogued into debt bonded technique, emotional abuse technique, physical support technique, counterfeit love technique, drug addiction technique, physical abuse technique, gifts and favors technique, power and authority technique; and fake promises and special attention grooming technique.