Afro-Brazilian Studies From Psychoanalysis to Cultural Anthropology: An Intellectual Portrait of Arthur Ramos (original) (raw)
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The Journal of Pan African Studies, 2012
This article explores the works of writers who are innovative and traditional at the same time with a keen eye on the "universal" to reach towards humanism via Paulo Colina, Salgado Maranhão, and Márcio Barbosa. Hence, their comparative commonality within the trope of "interfacial archetypes" is conceived since all these cultural producers choose the urban setting for their imaginative works even when their subject matter transcends a fixed setting and includes a traditional or rural setting. The choice between the urban and the rural is a false option for the exigency of modernity and postmodernity demands that even the "rural" become subject to the critique of "primitivism" and "exoticism" that is usually associated with subaltern and indigenous societies. The very urban nature of slavery in Brazil especially in the geo-economics and politics of Coffee in São Paulo, Sugarcane in the Northeast, and Gold in Minas Gerais, ensured the post-emancipation location of African descendants in the urban areas. Even with the effects of labor migration from "arid" to "greener" pastures, such as from the Northeast to the South, did not have a significant economic reconfiguration or betterment of life as these "migrant populations" were contained within a space that is now known as favela [Slum]-a space that may be seen as both private and public. Within this shifting space and location, African cultures and religions survived in Brazil to the extent that the relics take on their own identity with universal ethos-hence the interfacial connections between the ancestral, the urban, and the human condition. This essay was originally part of the book, Afro-Brazilians: Cultural Production in a Racial Democracy (2009) which partly explains the 1987-2003 references, the period wherein Afro-Brazilian cultural production was at its best due to the centennial celebration of the abolition of slavery (1888) in Brazil in 1988 that allowed Afro-Brazilian artistic and cultural production to flourish.
The objective of this article is to analyze the background of the historiography of psychoanalysis in Rio de Janeiro. Three different phases and approaches are analyzed, based on the viewpoints of different groups of authors. The first group features authors who displayed an early interest in the subject, in the 1920´s-1930´s. The second refers to psychiatrists/ psychoanalysts who worked with mental health institutes and societies between the 1940´s and 1970´s, while the third perspective comes from the academic/university environment, from the end of the 70´s to the present. This distinction was made not only to better define the timeframe of the arrival and dissemination of psychoanalysis in Rio de Janeiro, but also to provide a better understanding of the relation between the specific professional and intellectual interests of each group and the respective historical context.
The historiography of psychoanalysis in Brazil: the case of Rio de Janeiro
The objective of this article is to analyze the background of the historiography of psychoanalysis in Rio de Janeiro. Three different phases and approaches are analyzed, based on the viewpoints of different groups of authors. The first group features authors who displayed an early interest in the subject, in the 1920´s-1930´s. The second refers to psychiatrists/ psychoanalysts who worked with mental health institutes and societies between the 1940´s and 1970´s, while the third perspective comes from the academic/university environment, from the end of the 70´s to the present. This distinction was made not only to better define the timeframe of the arrival and dissemination of psychoanalysis in Rio de Janeiro, but also to provide a better understanding of the relation between the specific professional and intellectual interests of each group and the respective historical context.
‘No memory, no desire’: Psychoanalysis in Brazil during Repressive Times
Psychoanalysis and History, 2016
Until recently, the growth and significance of Brazilian psychoanalysis has been neglected in histories of psychoanalysis. Not only is this history long and rich in its professional and cultural dimensions, but there was an especially important ‘event’ – the so-called ‘Cabernite-Lobo affair’ – that took place during the period of the military dictatorship, which can be seen as dramatizing some of the issues concerning the erasure of memory in psychoanalysis, especially in connection with political difficulties. In this paper, we provide an outline of the origins and dissemination of psychoanalysis in Brazil before looking again at the Cabernite-Lobo affair in order to examine in a situated way how psychoanalysis engages with political extremism, and particularly to explore the consequences of an unthinking generalization of the idea of ‘neutrality’ from the consulting room to the institutional setting. We draw especially on Brazilian papers in Portuguese, which have not been accessi...
Psicanálise Para Brasileiros: História De Sua Circulação E
2012
Psychoanalysis has been widely used in Brazil between the decades of 1920 and 1940 as a method for diagnosing the country’s reality. This analysis has frequently been based on the “repressed material” coming from habits and folklore of local traditions. Thus, psychoanalysis – a theory which intents to establish the subject of the unconscious, heterogeneous and singular in human sciences – has been moved of its history and singularity to the field of collective psychology, resulting in unusual interpretations about the developing national identity, and in consequent therapeutic proposals. In this article I intent do demonstrate some of the specific guidelines that tied the reception of psychoanalysis to the national identity’s construction and to modern Brazil. Therefore I present two legitimate representatives of Brazilian psychoanalysis of that period: a psychoanalyst who was a eugenics follower and a vanguard writer.
DOSSIER | Perspectives on Indigenous Psychology in Brazil: ethical and epistemological challenges, 2024
Objective Think about Psychology, as a field of knowledge and care practice, despite its rich polyphony, diversity, and multiplicity, kowing that it is originally linked to dualism, individualism, subjectivism, scientism, Eurocentrism, and professionalism. On the other hand, there are undeniable contributions of Brazilian indigenous peoples. With over three hundred surviving peoples, they offer a vast ethnosociobiodiversity. They bring forth knowledge and practices of care and health based on diverse yet convergent Cosmopolitical references, which are integral, integrative, relational, communal, collective, ritualistic, sacralized, ancestral, intuitive, reciprocal, and undisciplinary, as they do not recognize the fragmentation of knowledge into disciplines, nor do they serve the "disciplining of life". Method This is a scoping review based on the production of contemporary Brazilian indigenous thinkers, bringing their contributions that can and should be recognized by the field of psychology as significant interlocutors in the process of fertilizing and reframing the field towards a psychology that may be decolonial, anticolonial, and yet to come. Results These contributions to help us to think another psychology from the Cosmopolitical reference of Brazil's indigenous peoples. Conclusion We see a turning point, a shift within the psychological field itself, advancing from a decolonial Psychology, countercolonial Psychology, to a possible yet to come Psychology.
Visões da África, Cultura Histórica e Afro-Brasilidades (1944-1988)
2017
O proposito de estudar os intelectuais negros a partir de suas insercoes nos saberes historicos sobre a Africa visa contribuir para os movimentos sociais afro-brasileiros (pretos e pardos) assim como aprofundar os estudos sobre a matriz cultural africana no Brasil contemporaneo e aproximar a historia dos afro-brasileiros a historia dos africanos, o que os estudiosos vem chamando de historia do “Atlantico negro”. As contribuicoes de uma obra sobre os intelectuais negros e seus postulados africanos, suas reivindicacoes por uma interpretacao da historia mais identi cada com as historicidades e agencias das populacoes negras e afro-diasporicas, inserem- se no campo da Historia da Africa e da Diaspora (Moderna e Contemporanea).
Anthropology, Nationalism and Colonialism, 2023
Presentation of the Topic, Its Pertinence and Context of the Research This introduction will place the research topic in context and justify the pertinence of an anthropological study on the life and work of Mendes Correia (1888-1960) and the Porto School of Anthropology in the first half of the twentieth century. One of the motivations for starting research on this subject was the realization that eighty-seven years (when I wrote the project in 2005) after the foundation of the Portuguese Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (SPAE) in 1918, no study had been carried out on this school-of which the main representative was Mendes Correia 1the works he produced or his relationship to the scientific knowledge and the political order in Portugal and its former colonies. As a matter of fact, he was the main figure not only of SPAE, but also of Portuguese anthropology up to the 1950s. It was therefore a timely moment for an in-depth study of the work produced by the actors connected to this school, a reflection on its purposes and an analysis of the initiatives it promoted, the works it carried out and also its legacy. Furthermore, I believe that one of the ways to carry out an anthropological study is to examine the evolution and development of anthropology itself. In that sense, this book contributes towards a better knowledge of the academic history of anthropology in Portugal. As mentioned by João Leal, the 'natural result of anthropology's recent history' led to it becoming a 'disciplinary subfield inside anthropology' (Leal 2006: 123). In this case, I intend to highlight one of the leading exponents of this discipline in Portugal, whose personal (academic, political and institutional) path and work were highly productive. However, I intend to go far beyond a mere biography and I am aware that the task of 'biographing', 2 although it should not be mistaken for the 'invention of facts', can also involve a process of 'fiction', 3 're-creation' and reconstitution (Oliveira 2003).