Comparative Study of the Dynamics of Cosmic Rays for the Pakistan and China Atmospheric Regions (original) (raw)
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In the present report, we have analyzed the average characteristics of diurnal variation of cosmic ray intensity for the period of 1986-2010 for Beijing and Kiel neutron monitor stations. We have performed an average characteristics analysis to establish the amplitude and phase modulation for first harmonic of the cosmic ray anisotropy. It has been concluded from the analysis that the diurnal amplitude is mostly concentrated in between the amplitude values of 0.2% to 0.4%, whereas the phase of diurnal anisotropy is concentrated in the belt of 100 to 240 degrees. A good positive correlation has been found between diurnal amplitudes (corr. = 0.62) and between annual averaged diurnal phases (corr. = 0.68) for both the stations. It is also seen that the diurnal amplitudes are significantly larger, by a factor of two, at high/middle latitude station (Kiel) as compared to that of low/middle latitude station (Beijing). The widths of distributions are minimum in the periods of maximum solar activity and maximum during the period of solar minimum.
In the present report, we have analyzed the average characteristics of diurnal variation of cosmic ray intensity for the period of 1986-2010 for Beijing and Kiel neutron monitor stations. We have performed an average characteristics analysis to establish the amplitude and phase modulation for first harmonic of the cosmic ray anisotropy. It has been concluded from the analysis that the diurnal amplitude is mostly concentrated in between the amplitude values of 0.2% to 0.4%, whereas the phase of diurnal anisotropy is concentrated in the belt of 100 to 240 degrees. A good positive correlation has been found between diurnal amplitudes (corr. = 0.62) and between annual averaged diurnal phases (corr. = 0.68) for both the stations. It is also seen that the diurnal amplitudes are significantly larger, by a factor of two, at high/middle latitude station (Kiel) as compared to that of low/middle latitude station (Beijing). The widths of distributions are minimum in the periods of maximum solar activity and maximum during the period of solar minimum.
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The flux rate of cosmic rays incident on the Earth's upper atmosphere is modulated by the solar wind and the Earth's magnetic field. The amount of solar wind is not constant due to changes in solar activity in each solar cycle, and hence the level of cosmic ray modulation varies with solar activity. In this context, we have investigated the variability and the relationship of cosmic ray intensity with solar, interplanetary, and geophysical parameters from January 1982 through December 2008. Simultaneous observations have been made to quantify the exact relationship between the cosmic ray intensity and those parameters during the solar maxima and minima, respectively. It is found that the stronger the interplanetary magnetic field, solar wind plasma velocity, and solar wind plasma temperature, the weaker the cosmic ray intensity. Hence, the lowest cosmic ray intensity has good correlations with simultaneous solar parameters, while the highest cosmic ray intensity does not. Our results show that higher solar activity is responsible for a higher geomagnetic effect and vice versa.
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We have studied the correlative relationship of the recorded time series of cosmic ray intensity and solar activity parameters during rising phase of solar cycle 24. The monthly and annual mean values of cosmic ray intensity counts have been used. The monthly mean values of sunspots numbers, solar flux (2800 MHz) and solar flare index have been used as solar activity parameters. The behaviour of cosmic ray intensity (solar cycle 24) with solar parameters have been studied by using running crosscorrelation method. Cosmic ray neutron monitor intensities at Oulu and Climax were well anticorrelated with sunspots numbers but highly correlated sunspots number with solar flux (2800 MHz) and solar flare index are negative correlated with cosmic ray counts. A possible application of the results to space physics is discussed.
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Study of cosmic ray intensity with solar activity parameters for the solar cycle 24
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In this paper we have considered correlative study of Cosmic Ray Intensity (CRI) variations with solar activity parameters such as interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), sunspot numbers (SSN) and solar flare index (SFI) during the period of 2009-2019. From the correlative study we have found that negative co-relation between Cosmic Ray Intensity (CRI) with interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), sunspot numbers (SSN) and solar flare index (SFI), with: (i) Co-relation coefficient -0.84 between Cosmic Ray Intensity and yearly average values of IMF, (ii) Co-relation coefficient -0.94 between Cosmic Ray Intensity (CRI) and yearly average values of SSN, (iii) Co-relation coefficient -0.95 between Cosmic Ray Intensity (CRI) and yearly average values of SFI.
Estimation of the effect of solar activity on the intensity of galactic cosmic rays
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 2007
The observations of solar activity (average monthly values of the international sunspot numbers and areas, solar radioemission flux at a wavelength of 10.7 cm) and galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity (average monthly values of the count rate of an omnidirectional Geiger counter at a maximum of the transition curve in the regions of Moscow and Murmansk and differences between these values) have been studied. The main aim of the studies was to assess the possibility of using the series of GCR values as an additional type of instrumental observations to predict solar activity. The results of an analysis made it possible to assess the degree of interrelation between the studied time series and, thereby, to confirm that GCRs, together with the characteristics of sunspot formation and solar radioemission flux at a wavelength of 10.7 cm, can be used to predict solar activity. The development of the current solar cycle has been predicted. It is assumed that the duration of this cycle will exceed the average value. PACS numbers: 94.20. wq
The influence of galactic cosmic ray on all India annual rainfall and temperature
Advances in Space Research, 2015
The inverse relation between galactic cosmic ray (GCR) and sunspot numbers (SSN) suggests that the increase (decrease) in GCR count is linked with low (high) solar activity. The present study attempts to reveal the influence of GCR on all India annual rainfall and temperature during the period from 1953 to 2005. The inter-annual variation depicts that during the transition from maximum to minimum count of GCR, the rainfall anomaly shows alternative variation over India. Similar variation has also been observed for maximum temperature. Implementation of Fourier analysis shows an 11 year cycle of cosmic ray and depicts an increase in GCR count in the 11 year interval during the study period. The Fourier analysis of all India annual rainfall (AIR) and temperature also shows an 11 year cycle with a decreasing trend during the 11 year interval. The inter-decadal variation shows that during high GCR count there is a possibility of decrease in rainfall and minimum temperature but an increase in maximum temperature. The seasonal correlation shows a possible proportional association between cosmic ray and rainfall during the post monsoon season. The result further depicts that the sunspot number and temperature is positively correlated during the post-monsoon season. The correlation map of rainfall and temperature shows a meager but significant correlation with cosmic ray over some parts of West and East Indian coasts.
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37Th Cospar Scientific Assembly, 2008
Results of statistical study of diurnal wave amplitude and phase on day-today basis using Lomnický Štít neutron monitor (NM) data, in addition to the longer time series of Oulu and Climax NM data, are reported. The data set constructed is useful for checking the time profiles of the diurnal wave characteristics and their relations to solar, interplanetary and geomagnetic parameters. On the extended data set we indicate that the narrower phase distribution with non-significantly changed position of maxima is obtained at all three stations when the amplitude to dispersion ratio is increasing; the different long term behavior of the amplitude and phase; and the significance of B tot of interplanetary magnetic field for the amplitude of the diurnal wave.
Multi-parametric effect of solar activity on cosmic rays
Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, 2008
The long-term modulation of cosmic ray intensity (CRI) by different solar activity (SA) parameters and an inverse correlation between individual SA parameter and CRI is well known. Earlier, it has been suggested that the concept of multi-parametric modulation of CRI may play an important role in the study of long-term modulation of CRI. In the present study, we have tried to investigate the combined effect of a set of two SA parameters in the long-term modulation of CRI. For this purpose, we have used a new statistical technique called “Running multiple correlation method”, based on the “Running cross correlation method”. The running multiple correlation functions among different sets of two SA parameters (e.g., sunspot numbers and solar flux, sunspot numbers and coronal index, sunspot numbers and grouped solar flares, etc.) and CRI have been correlated separately. It is found that the strength of multiple correlation (among two SA parameters and CRI) and cross correlation (between individual SA parameter and CRI) is almost similar throughout the period of investigation (1955–2005). It is also found that the multiple correlations among various SA parameters and CRI is stronger during ascending and descending phases of the solar cycles and it becomes weaker during maxima and minima of the solar cycles, which is in accordance with the linear relationship between SA parameters and CRI. The values of multiple correlation functions among different sets of SA parameters and CRI fall well within the 95% confidence interval. In the view of odd-even hypothesis of solar cycles, the strange behaviour of present cycle 23 (odd cycle), as this is characterized by many peculiarities with double peaks and many quiet periods (Gnevyshev gaps) interrupted the solar activity (for example April 2001, October–November 2003 and January 2005), leads us to speculate that the solar cycle 24 (even cycle) might be of exceptional nature.