Covid-19 Related Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Nurses Working as Front Line Workers in a Selected Hospital in Mumbai City (original) (raw)
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International journal of community medicine and public health/International journall of community medicine and public health, 2024
Betacoronaviruses HCoV229E and HCoV-NL63, alphacoronaviruses HCoVHKU1 and HCoV-OC43, middle east pulmonary syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and severe acute lung disease coronavirus (SARS-CoV). It is well known that SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are incredibly virulent and infectious, originating from bats to dromedary camels or palm civets and lastly to humans. 1 The CDC states that symptoms may begin to show 2-14 days after viral exposure, and asymptomatic individuals may potentially spread the virus, primarily through contact with other people but also through aerosols from the ABSTRACT Background: This study aims to assess anxiety, stress, and depression levels among nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A quantitative non-experimental approach was employed, utilizing a descriptive cross-sectional design with 300 nurses selected through simple random sampling. Data collection included demographic and clinical variables. Anxiety, stress, and depression levels were measured using the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), perceived stress scale, and Hamilton depression rating scale, respectively. Pearson's correlation and Chi-square tests were used for analysis in statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Results: A majority of staff nurses experienced mild anxiety (53.7%), stress (64.3%), and depression (71.7%). Scores indicated mean anxiety (14.42, SD=4.46), stress (13.74, SD=3.13), and depression (18.23, SD=4.23). Positive correlations were found between stress-anxiety (p=0.002, r=0.376) and anxiety-depression (p=0.040, r=0.119). A weak correlation existed between stress and depression (p=0.068, r=0.105). Anxiety correlated with age, professional experience, and marital status (p<0.05), while stress correlated with age and professional experience (p<0.05). Depression correlated with professional experience and marital status (p<0.05). Work-related variables and fears were associated with anxiety and stress but not depression among staff nurses during COVID-19. Conclusions: The study underscores widespread mild anxiety, stress, and depression among nurses during the pandemic, emphasizing their interconnection. Age, professional experience, and marital status influenced mental health outcomes. Tailored interventions and targeted support are crucial to address these challenges and enhance nursing wellbeing. Healthcare institutions should prioritize implementing such strategies to bolster nurses' resilience and effectiveness in navigating ongoing and future challenges.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Work related stress is an important occupational hazard among the forefront healthcare workers like nursing personnel. It is their demanding nature of occupation which exposes them to a higher risk of developing negative mental states. Aims and Objectives: Objectives of the study were to assess the stress, anxiety, and depression among the nursing personnel and their potential risk factors for stress, anxiety, and depression. Materials and Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted among the nursing personnel employed in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata. The data collection was done with the help of a predesigned pretested semi-structured questionnaire having information regarding socio demographic profile, history and personal history, and the questions from depression, anxiety and stress scale following permission from Institutional Ethics committee. The data were compiled, analyzed, and presented. Results: The present study found that 29.09%, 40% and ...
Psychological distress analysis among nurses during Covid-19 pandemic
Kognisi, 2022
During Covid-19 pandemic, the workload of nurses has become much higher. The condition of Covid-19 cases rate that continues to increase, adaptation to HSE measures and strict procedures to prevent transmission put great pressure on the health workers who are on duty. This study aims to measure the level of psychological distress in the form of stress, depression, and anxiety experienced by nurses at XYZ Hospital in Pemalang, Central Java using DASS 42 measuring instrument. The data analysis was processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24 application with multiple linear regression method. The population is all nursing staff at XYZ Hospital, totaling 198 people. By using the stratified random sampling technique, a sample of 133 people was obtained consisting of 84 people from non-Covid-19 work units and 49 people from Covid-19 work units. Psychological distress factors are associated with internal factors (gender, age, years of service, education level, level of use of personal protective equipment) and external factors (level of PPE use, limited PPE, no PPE changing room facilities, lack of training, no zoning area, minimal formal psychological support, low social support, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, minimal information on the development of Covid-19, high working hours, fear of infection, chronic illness, trauma because the family has been exposed). The results showed that 75.2% of nurses experienced stress, 51.9% of nurses experienced depression, and 78.2% of nurses experienced anxiety disorders. The foremost vital factor influencing depression is age, anxiety is level of PPE use, and stress is length of time worked.
Evaluation & the Health Professions, 2022
This study aimed to determine the depression, anxiety and stress levels that have negatively impacted nurses' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample group of 826 nurses working in Turkey were asked to fill in an online questionnaire in order to evaluate their psychological responses and the related factors that have adversely affected their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, 696 nurses (84.3%) showed symptoms of depression, 644 (78%) reported anxiety and 543 (65.74%) reported stress. This study also highlighted that the most concerning factor for the nurses was the risk of transmitting the COVID-19 infection to their household members (89.2%). The most important problems faced by the nurses during COVID-19 included equipment shortages (50.7%), administrative problems (38.5%) and issues such as accommodation and nutrition (27.4%). These were found to have a statistically significant correlation with the nurses' levels of depression, anxiety and stress. The fear of losing a household member, the inability to their household's social needs and the fear of death were among the factors that concerned nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, significantly affecting their levels of depression, anxiety and stress. Taking the necessary measures to deal with the aforementioned problems and fears is important to protect the health, productivity and efficiency of nurses during the pandemic period.
Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 2022
Introduction: Addressing adequately the mental health during and after COVID-19, as well as preparation for possible future outbreaks, requires an understanding of the nature and extent of mental health impacts, factors related to negative mental health outcomes and symptoms of mental illness. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among nurses providing care to the COVID-19 patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 10th April 2021 to 30th June 2021 among 301 nurses from three COVID-19 dedicated hospitals using self-administered questionnaires. Whole sampling technique was used. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Board of Nepal Health Research Council (Registration number: 106/2021P). The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Descriptive statistics like frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated. Results: Out of 301 nurs...
International Journal of Advanced Psychiatric Nursing, 2022
This pilot study was cross-sectional survey intended to check the Psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak on front line nurses. 40front line nurses were involved in the study. Five standardize scales were used for on line data collection. The criteria regarding participation in study was to be registered nurses who hold either a full-time job status and worked in COVID-19 wards. Survey questionnaires were distributed to 50 nurses and 40 responses were received (80% return rate) online google form was sanded as means of data collection. Percentages, means and standard deviations were the components used under descriptive statistics for analyzing of data. The complete details about character sticks of respondents was out of 40 respondents 24 females and 16 females, hence majority of female nurses were the participants of my study. Majority of the response was reported from age group of less than 30 years 90% followed by 31-40 years 10%.Most of nurses were BSc Nursing 87.5% and only 12.5% are having Master's degree in nursing. Data shows that most of the nurses were unmarried 87.5% and only 12.5%.35% of nurses were working in COVID observation wards, 30% were in Post COVID ward followed by 20% in COVID I.C.U/HDU& 10%in Emergency COVID ward respectively. out of 40 nurses 77.5% are having experience of one year 15% of 2-4 years and 5% are having experience of 5-7 years. Out of 40 nurses 97.5% were vaccinated and only 2.5% is not fully vaccinated. During data analysis we found that 67.50% were facing mild psychological stress level, 25% were having moderate level and 7.50% participants were having severe psychological stress level. In this study 80% participants having positive coping strategy and 20% were having negative coping strategy.
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
The current study was aimed to evaluate depression, anxiety, and stress among nurses during the COVID-19 (wave III) at a public hospital in Quetta city, Pakistan. Participants and Methods: By using the validated Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, three hundred and twenty-five nurses practicing at the Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta were approached for data collection. Through SPSS, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used during data analysis. Chi-square test was used to assess the goodness-offit between observed values and demographic variables. The factors that were significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress were further assessed by binary logistic regression analysis. The statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: Out of the 325 nurses, 297 participated in the study with a response rate of 91.3%. Mild depression and stress were reported in the current cohort of nurses (6.00 ± 5.30 and 8.01 ± 4.47), respectively. The mean anxiety score was 6.68 ± 4.86 indicating moderate anxiety among the study respondents. Marital status, working department, and job experience were significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress with moderate effect size (>0.3). The logistic regression reported department in which nurses were stationed (adjusted OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.118-1.415, p < 0.001) and job experience (adjusted OR = 1.004, 95% CI = 1.001-1.215, p = 0.002) as significant predictors of depression, anxiety and stress. Nurses working in the corona ward were more likely to develop depression, anxiety and stress by a factor of 2.54 and married nurses with a factor of 1.004 provided controlling other confounding factors. Conclusion: Moderate depression, anxiety, and stress were observed among nurses and it calls for hospital management to consider interventions for all nurses irrespective of their present working departments. Facilitating continuous and comprehensive support mechanisms aimed at protecting nurses' mental health is of great importance during pandemics. The findings of the study have some clear suggestions for mental health advocacy among nurses that are essential for improving the quality of services and patients' safety.
Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal
Objective: This study aimed to understand the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Indian nursing professionals and their strategies of coping with it. Method: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted on nursing professionals (staff and students) of a tertiary care hospital, medical college and research centre in North India. Results: Among 103 participants, most participants were females (84.5%), graduates, married and lived with families. Most participants and their families responded to COVID duty with anxiety, fear and stress. Physical discomfort and inadequate PPE supply were main challenges perceived while working. Depressive symptoms were seen in 41% participants, 55% reported anxiety and 35% reported clinically significant stress. Participants working in COVID duty reported significantly higher anxiety compared to those who were not. Those with positive personal and family reactions towards COVID duties reported lower anxiety and stress scores. Thos...
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2022
The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression, among nurses working in a tertiary hospital dedicated to the COVID-19 patients in Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional study was carried out among nurses working at Colombo East Base Hospital. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and DASS-21, a set of three self-report scales designed to measure the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety, and stress over three months from October 2020. Data were analysed applying descriptive statistics and inferential statistical methods. There was a total of 131 study participants (response rate 83 %), and most of them were working in general wards (56%), while 42% were in critical care units. The proportion of anxiety and stress is associated with nurses working in critical care units were significantly higher than those in general wards (p<0.001). There were no associations between sex, marital status, having children, experience, qualifications, and medical or psychiatric conditions (p>0.05). The system of reporting mental health issues was unfortunately not in place. Staff felt that reporting stress/burnout or anxiety might seem like a negative attribute. Considering the above factors, one would expect more prevalence than we have seen in this study; therefore, we can infer that if mental health is not prioritised in healthcare institutions, then definitely lack of awareness/openness and under-reporting by staff will result in a long-term systemic problem (Suffering in the name of Resilience).
Psychological Stress of Nurses During the Covid-19 Pandemic
KnE Life Sciences
The COVID-19 pandemic has captured the world’s attention, especially regarding the risk of stress. The majority of nurses experience mild and moderate levels of stress. This is because nurses are particularly at risk of being infected with COVID-19. Many of nurses feel hot and breathless because of the PPE. This research illustrates the phenomenon of psychological stress amongst nurses working during the pandemic. This research uses a quantitative descriptive research approach. The research sample was 157 nurses working in all health care facilities from various regions in Indonesia, selected using convenience sampling. The results showed a high risk of stress, with the nurses experiencing mild and moderate stress. The study concludes by suggesting the government and health care providers pay greater attention to the early detection and reduction of stress, providing sports facilities, increasing the number of nurses, regular meetings to reflect on the problems faced and psychologic...