Book Review: Crime, Security and Global Politics: An Introduction to Global Crime Governance (By Anja P. Jacobi, Red Globe Press, 2020) (original) (raw)
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Crime, Security and Global Politics: An Introduction to Global Crime Governance
Attempts to govern crime at the global level date back to late 19th century, and since the founding of the United Nations and other international organizations with mandates concerning responses to various forms of illicit cross-border conduct, global crime governance has been part and parcel of domestic politics and foreign policy. Throughout this time, crime governance has been deeply entwined with the uneven progresses of economic development, securitization and digitization, giving rise to patchy response mechanisms, often questioning the crime control capacity of the international community. Anja P. Jakobi's accessible and highly informative book on global crime and its governance dives deep into the various dimensions of transnational organized crime and its multiple manifestations around the world, covering such crimes as trafficking in drugs and persons, environmental crime and financial crimes, and cybercrime, among other cross-border economic crimes.
Globalization of Crime: Problems and Challenges for World Peace and Security
2015
Globalization of crime is not a new phenomenon. However, in the present global environment, there has been unprecedented dramatic increase in the magnitude of globalization of crime with serious threats and challenges to world peace and security. This study therefore explores the problems and challenges weak and strong states face in the new environment of unprecedented activities of globalization of crime. Globalization of crime is conceptualized here as the same as transnational crime and as such should be viewed as one and the same. When crime crosses national boundaries in its planning, execution or effect, it assumes a transnational and/or global character and therefore goes beyond the exclusive jurisdiction of a state to effectively and adequately contain with. In this situation, salutary actions must therefore be global in nature and with special attention paid to more vulnerable states. Therefore, the basic analysis of this study is based on a paradigm shift brought in motio...
The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, also known as the Palermo Convention, is the main international instrument to fight this transnational threat. Since 2008, there have been several negotiations for the creation of its review mechanism. However, it has not been possible to reach an agreement. The obstacles that have impeded the agreement the source for financing the mechanism and the participation of civil society in it are related to changes in the structure of international power, in the role of multilateral institutions, and in the structure of transnational organized crime. In this paper we analyze how these changes have influenced the role of the European Union in the global governance of the fight against transnational crime, and in the strengthening of the Palermo Convention.
Governing Through Globalised Crime
Governing Through Globalised Crime, 2008
The new globalisation-modernity to risk societies 1 Introduction 1 Imagining globalisation 4 Globalisation dynamics 6 Terror triggers 7 War discourse and citizenship 9 Achieving the international through new globalisation 10 The hegemonic project 11 Neo-liberalism 14 New globalisation and domestic states 16 Globalising crime concerns 20 Globalisation and world systems theory 21 The myth of a borderless world? 24 Globalisation or Westernisation? 25 Individuals and communities 26 Unbundling the relationship between sovereignty, territoriality and political power 27 Globalised values and governance? 29 New globalisation? 33 Conclusion 37 Governing through Globalised Crime Risk from risk 42 Prediction 44 The conditionality and contextualisation of risk 46 The risk of terror 47 Risk management through criminal justice 49 The crime/globalisation nexus 51 Conclusion 53 3 A review of global crime problems-studies of crime as global risk 55 Introduction 55 Imagining risk 56 Governance under challenge 57 Corruption-weak states or good business? 59 Corruption/modernisation nexus 62 Enterprise theory and a market model for corruption regulation 63 Common characteristics of organised crime 67 Organised crime as the banker for terrorism 71 Organised crime as terrorism 73 Representations of organised crime threat 74 Terrorism and the challenge to the state 77 Globalisation and terrorism 78 The local and the global-terrorism as an organised crime threat: the Australian context 79 Conventional representations of organised crimelessons for the interpretation of terrorism 80 Social situations of organised crime/terrorismdomestic and beyond 81 Conclusion 84
From the Margins to the Mainstream: Toward an Integrated Multilateral Response to Organized Crime
Since the end of the Cold War, organized crime has moved from being a marginal problem in a few cities and regions to being a mainstream threat to national stability and international peace and security. While the threat has become transnational, the multilateral response has been slow, disjointed, and reactive. Broad structural changes are needed to deal more effectively with illicit trafficking and other activities of organized criminal groups. The report also highlights the need to tackle the problem from more than a law enforcement perspective, for example, by decreasing vulnerability to organized crime through development assistance, community violence reduction and urban renewal strategies, measures to fight corruption, efforts to strengthen the rule of law, and public awareness campaigns to reduce demand for the goods and services of illicit activities.
A Global Perspective of Transnational Crimes and National Security
International Diplomatic Review Journal, New Edition, 2021
Abstract In the wake of globalisation and technological advancement, the world has experienced a very rapid increase both in levels and the sophistication of transnational crimes thereby posing security threats to nation states. The world has witnessed illegal activities being carried out without respecting national boundaries or sovereignty. Thus, this study sought to analyse transnational crimes in relation to national security and impacts brought by such kinds of crimes. Challenges that face law enforcement agencies when fighting the transnational crimes are also looked at. The paper concludes that transnational crimes are a security threat to the globe. The study recommends paying more attention to border security, working multidisciplinarily through bringing onboard all stakeholders and strengthening public-private-partnerships, soliciting technical assistance, strengthening global peace and security initiatives and the need for regional multijurisdictional taskforces and joint operations. Keywords: borders, crime, criminal groups, national security, security threats
Globalization and Transnational Crime
As the process of globalization intertwines states and global markets, and in turn entwines global markets with certain states and economic actors, problems or issues in one region can very quickly become global problems or issues. The integration of various states into the world economy, the continual squeeze of time and space, the free flow of capital and the incentive, willingness and ability to provide any product or service where demand exists require strong governance structures, both local and global. Strong governance structures are not only needed to enforce the rules but to clarify what the rules are and to regulate unethical practices that often sit in a legal grey area. The global economy provides infinite opportunities for profitable criminal activity. Unless strong governance structures are in place globally as well as locally, and unless the negative effects wrought by globalization are managed correctly, then we are sure to see a continual rise and prominence of transnational criminal organizations.
From the outset allow me to express my professional fascination of this vast topic of the link between development and organized crime (OC), having witnessed this phenomenon playing out in real terms as a practitioner in the field working for UNIDO, briefly UNDP and later on UNDCP/UNODC, serving in the Caribbean, South East Europe, Central Asia and South East Asia. And also to have the opportunity to express my frustration for the difficulty we face in translating theoretical concepts in operational or real terms largely due to the ‘tunnel visions’ in which we so comfortably function. (...) Allow me thus to start with seven premises before I finalize by submitting a few conclusions. And evidently ‘If you want to have a happy ending, that depends on when you stop your story’ (Orson Welles). 1- Un-intended consequences of well-intended aid. 2- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde rewritten by René Descartes. 3- The interplay between ‘vulnerability’ and ‘opportunity’. 4- Pragmatism and puritanism – embedded in the past but embracing the future. 5- The twilight zone: fluidity of ‘functionality of crime’. 6- Influence of the 2030 Agenda: Smart crime approaches fitting an aspirational agenda. 7- Principle of universalism – moving between legal and legitimate.