Nursing actions for overweight and obese children in the Family Health Strategy (original) (raw)
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Jornal de Pediatria, 2003
Objective: to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children attending public and private schools in the urban area of Feira de Santana-BA; to evaluate both the perception of excessive weight gain by guardians and the prevalence of treatment of those children. Method: cross-sectional study with 699 children, whose age ranged from 5 to 9 years old, attending public and private schools of Feira de Santana-BA in 2001. Overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) > 85th percentile and obesity as BMI > 95th percentile both for age and gender. The level of perception of children's excessive weight gain by guardians was evaluated by means of individual interviews. Results: total prevalence rates were 9.3% for overweight and 4.4% for obesity, without statistically significant difference among age and gender. White ethnic group was related only to overweight. Prevalence for overweight and obesity was, respectively, 6.5% and 2.7% for public schools and 13.4% and 7.0% for private ones. Guardians suspected that 11.7% of the children presented excessive weight gain. Only 11.1% of them were submitted to treatment. A percentage of 22.2% of these treatments were performed by specialized professionals. Conclusions: the prevalence of overweight and obesity was high and similar to some studies in Brazil; even though excessive weight gain can be recognized by children's guardians, they are not aware of the necessity of treatment.
Jornal de Pediatria, 2007
Objective: To describe and compare maternal perception and the self-perception of children/adolescents of their nutritional status, identifying factors associated with incorrect perceptions. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in Salvador, BA, Brazil with 1,741 students aged 6 to 19 years, classified according to body mass index (BMI) percentiles as underweight (BMI < p5), well-nourished (p5 ≤ BMI < p85), at risk of overweight (p85 ≤ BMI < p95) or overweight (BMI ≥ p95). Students and their mothers answered questions on perception of weight, patterns of physical exercise and dieting. By means of multivariate analysis, factors associated with incorrect maternal and self-perceptions were analyzed. Results: Self-perceptions were correct in 64.7% of cases and 75.3% of maternal perceptions were correct. The principal factor associated with incorrect self-perception was age between 6 and 9 years (OR = 1.59; 95%CI 1.15-2.20). Among girls, being overweight and practicing physical exercise were characteristics associated with better perception. For boys, the presence of overweight resulted in an increased risk of incorrect self-perception. Among mothers, having an overweight child (OR = 3.02; 95%CI 2.05-4.46) and a child aged from 6 to 9 years (OR = 1.88; 95%CI 1.28-2.76) were associated with incorrect perception. Conclusions: A failure to correctly perceive weight was very frequent among children and their mothers, especially when children were overweight. These factors could represent obstacles to correctly recognizing nutritional abnormalities.
2012
Obesity is increasing progressively in childhood. In response to this trend, several institutions have carried out programs to prevent childhood obesity. Objective: To develop an intervention project aimed at the overweight prevention in 2-3 year-old children at public daycare centers and analyze the feasibility of its implementation. Methods: nine daycare centers were randomly selected probabilistically: four composing the sample object of intervention and five in the group without intervention. There have been comments systematized for the recognition of the routine of feeding and physical activity of daycare centers, from which was outlined and implemented an intervention. It was predefined that the intervention should be simple, of low cost, hardly raising the burden of local labor and result in a participatory process. Results: Food was scheduled by the school lunch company outsourced by the city, which offered oversized portions. Physical activities were restricted and without regular schedule. The nutritional intervention adapted the quantity of food served at lunch, also avoiding the repetition of the meal. For physical activities, it was established that they would be daily, during 30 minutes and of high energy expenditure. All changes were designed and implemented with effective participation of staff in the daycare, in a maximum of 12 weeks. Conclusion: it is possible to develop and deploy a simple intervention, tailored to local realities of daycare centers, aimed at improving the nutritional status of children.
Childhood obesity is a serious health issue that has both immediate and long-term effects on health and well-being. Although obesity affects both children and adults, but childhood obesity is more serious than obesity in adults. The objective of current study was to depict the trend of publication entitled pediatric obesity indexed in the database of Scopus during years 2001-2015. A bibliometrics study was conducted to plot the development of scientific activities in the field of Pediatric obesity. Database of Scopus which covers 100 % of MEDLINE was used to extract all papers entitled pediatric obesity for a period of 15 years. Extraction of papers was restricted into papers entitled "pediatric obesity" from the Search Builder pull-down menu in the advanced search screen, this causes to obtain the articles that their major topics are in the desired subject area. Analysis of data showed that a total number of 663 papers entitled pediatric obesity indexed in scopus during the period of study. The results of study specified the investigation of pediatric obesity in 18 subject areas; the subject area of psychology seems to be in the inferior concern of scientists. Regarding the important influence of socio-psycho-genetic aspects on the pediatric obesity, these issues of study should be taken under consideration by policy-makers and nutritional scientists.
Avaliação Dos Fatores De Prevalência Sobre O Estado Nutricional De Crianças Em Idade Escolar
Revista Contexto & Saúde, 2020
Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores de prevalência sobre o estado nutricional de crianças em idade escolar. Método: Participaram da pesquisa 626 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 7 a 10 anos, matriculadas em 18 escolas municipais. Foram avaliadas as variáveis gênero, idade e escolaridade. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Resultados: A média de idade, peso e altura foram de 8,49±0,79 anos, 33,58±9,32 kg e 1,34±0,07 metros, respectivamente. A maioria das crianças frequentava o 4° ano do ensino fundamental, com estado nutricional de eutrofia (58,31%), entretanto um grande número de alunos apresentou excesso de peso (40,73%). Não houve prevalência significativa (p>0,05) do estado nutricional sobre as variáveis gênero, idade e escolaridade. Apesar disso, uma maior frequência de obesidade foi observada em indivíduos do sexo masculino e com idade entre 9 e 10 anos e que frequentavam o 4° ano do ensino fundamental. Conclusão: O estado nutricional ...
Cadernos De Saude Publica, 2003
The so-called "Slum Project" or Projeto Favela at the São Paulo School of Medicine, Federal University in São Paulo, conducts numerous primary health care activities in low-income communities in the city of São Paulo to prevent and control nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional status of children from 12 to 26 months of age before and after preventive intervention. The study was conducted with two groups, before and after intervention, with 57 and 65 children, respectively. Anthropometric measures and hemoglobin values were obtained. In the before-intervention group, the prevalence of malnutrition as measured by weight for age and weight for height was 12.3% and 1.8% respectively, whereas there were no cases of malnutrition in the after-intervention group. There was a reduction in the prevalence of anemia, especially the severe form, from 33% to 7%. Mean hemoglobin increased from 10.1 to 11.0 g/dl, and the duration of breastfeeding was greater (> 180 days) after intervention.
Estudio colaborativo español: descripción de la práctica clínica habitual en obesidad infantil
Anales De Pediatria, 2018
Introduction: Childhood obesity is a high prevalence health problem. Although there are clinical guidelines for its management, there is variability in its clinical approach. The aim of this study is to describe the usual clinical practice in Paediatric Endocrinology Units in Spain and to evaluate if it resembles the recommended guidelines. Material and methods: An observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out by means of a questionnaire sent to paediatric endocrinologists of the Spanish Society of Paediatric Endocrinology. The questions were formulated based on the recommendations of ''Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Prevention and Treatment of Childhood Obesity'' issued by the Spanish Ministry of Health.
Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 2012
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and nutritional and social determinants of overweight in a population of schoolchildren in Southern Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study of 5,037 children of both genders, between 6 and 10.9 years of age, from public and private schools of Maringá, Paraná, PR, Brazil. Evaluation of factors associated with excess weight (overweight and obesity) included gender, age, school type, socioeconomic level, education of the head of the family, eating habits, and means of commuting to school. After univariate analysis (Fisher's exact test), we adjusted a logistic regression model and used Wald's test for decision-making (p < 0.05). Results: The mean age was 8.7 ± 1.3 years, with 52.8% females; 79.1% of the students attended public school and 54.6% had families of socioeconomic class A or B. Regarding nutritional status, 24% of children were overweight (7% obesity, 17% overweight). Being male, attending a private school, and having a head of the family with over four years of education were significantly associated with excess weight. In relation to food, inadequate intake of carbohydrates was associated with a 48% greater chance of overweight/obesity (p < 0.001; OR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.25-1.76). Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight found in this study is approximate to that reported in national studies. Its association with gender and inadequate food intake indicates that these factors should be considered in initiatives aimed at preventive measures in childhood.
Revista Paulista De Pediatria, 2015
Objective: To evaluate differences in children's eating behavior in relation to their nutritional status, gender and age. Methods: Male and female children aged six to ten years were included. They were recruited from a private school in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, in 2012. Children´s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) subscales were used to assess eating behaviors: Food Responsiveness (FR), Enjoyment of Food (EF), Desire to Drink (DD), Emotional Overeating (EOE), Emotional Undereating (EUE), Satiety Responsiveness (SR), Food Fussiness (FF) and Slowness in Eating (SE). Age-adjusted body mass index (BMI) z-scores were calculated according to the WHO recommendations to assess nutritional status. Results: The study sample comprised 335 children aged 87.9±10.4 months and 49.3% had normal weight (n=163), 26% were overweight (n=86), 15% were obese (n=50) and 9.7% were severely obese (n=32). Children with excess weight showed higher scores at the CEBQ subscales associated with "food approach" (FR, EF, DD, EOE, p<0.001) and lower scores on two "food avoidance" subscales (SR and SE, p<0.001 and p=0.003, respectively) compared to normal weight children. Differences in the eating behavior related to gender and age were not found. Conclusions: "Food approach" subscales were positively associated to excess weight in children, but no associations with gender and age were found.