Selected Lectures on Genetics Part 1 (original) (raw)
Related papers
Selected Lectures on Genetics Part 2
LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2018
This book is a compilation of topics for students in biological sciences, Zoology in particular, who wish to pursue MS in Genetics, Molecular Biology and/or Biotechnology. It contains 15 lectures on vital topics like biological variations, polygenic inheritance, speciation, metabolic disorders in man, genetics haemoglobin and human twins, Human Genome Project, human welfare, selection effects on animals, genetic control of pest insects and recent advances in Genetics and Molecular Biology. Similar to Part 1, lecture-wise contents, suggested reading and a huge number of illustrations and diagrams will help enrich the graduate students’ thirst for an updated knowledge and understanding of Genetics and Molecular Biology.
GENETIC AND BREEDING IN ANIMALS
Genetics can be defined as science of heredity; it concerns with behavior of genes passed from parents to offspring in the reproductive process. The term “genetics and breeding” has been applying widely in the modern agriculture of livestock to increase productivity. The first chapter of the book defines the term genetic and breeding; also illustrated importance of concept of genetic and breeding as well as the Mendelian principles of modern genetic inheritance- law of segregation; law of independent assortment; and law of dominance with its application in genetic. A clear example of crossing and re-crossing first generations (F1) in order to identify dominant and recessive gene attributes. Articulation of definitions of some basic concepts in genetics and breeding seem quite essential for students learning genetics; thus the second chapter was aimed to cover these concepts at least. The locus of an allele; homozygote and heterozygote alleles; phenotypic and genotypic ratio analysis; testcross and backcross of monohybrids; selection processes in modern breeding; additive inheritance and dominant inheritance and dihybrid and trihybrid; had been clarified to users. Primarily are qualitative traits; as they are caused by single gene or few genes and could be identified from offsprings. Further; polygenic inheritance- traits caused by multiple alleles; also known quantitative traits are put in plain words in the third chapter. Normally these are traits expressed by more than single gene; whereas each gene is supposed to be contributing to that particular trait. Quantitative trait inheritance is more complex subject in terms to account for different genes individually compared to qualitative characteristics. Weight; height; milk; blood pressure; blood grouping; are some polygenic characteristic. The role of environment in the polygenetically (quantitative inheritance) undeniable according to the principle of heritability therefore must have been pinpointed. Keryotyping; sex determinations among different species/groups; correlation and interpretation of genetic features; selection processes; criterion; in the modern genetic and breeding program; are other areas of genetic and breeding elucidated in the text.
Population and quantitative genetics (PQgen): A software program for teaching on animal breeding
The software program PQGen is presented as a complementary resource for an introductory course on Population and Quantitative Genetics, composed by 38 integrated modules, and specially oriented to animal breeding. Available modules for Population genetics covers the following topics: gene frequencies estimation, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, map distances and recombination coefficients, gametic frequencies estimation and evolution, linkage disequilibrium, predictive ability of a marker, assortative mating, migration, mutation, selection, hitchhiking effect, mutation-selection balance, selection for fitness defined by two loci, genetic drift, individual inbreeding, relationship matrices, founder effects and effective population size. Moreover, for Quantitative genetics, the software consist of the following modules: genetic structure of a quantitative trait, sampling of a quantitative trait, heritability estimation, effects of selection, inbreeding depression, heterosis, reciprocal recurrent selection, selection indexes and breeding values distribution, properties of the selection index, efficiency of selection indexes, Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, correlated response, threshold traits, comparison between criteria of selection and marker assisted selection. The program is shareware and it can be downloaded from the web. Suggestions that allow to improve this program will be appreciated by the authors.
Animal Genetics, 2020
For the last 25 years, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) has been providing free global access to an ever-increasing record of discoveries made by animal geneticists around the world. To mark this 25-year milestone, this document provides a brief account (including some prehistory) of how OMIA came to be; some timelines of important discoveries and advances in the genetics of the animal species covered by OMIA, gleaned from the OMIA database; and an analysis of the current state of knowledge regarding likely causal variants of single-locus traits in OMIA species, also gleaned from the OMIA database.
Grebelnyi_2000_Mechanisms of Maternal and Paternal Inheritance
The mechanisms of unisexual reproduction and pure either maternal or paternal inheritance, 2000
The unisexual reproduction occurs in quite different animal groups, though the all-female species are not numerous in nearly all the taxa. The majority of unisexual species which have been discovered by now are supposed to be parthenogenetic, and this seems to be true. However, in a few species some other kinds of unisexual reproduction and inheritance have been recorded. Avoidance of the normal sexual reproduction can produce the genetic effect of different sorts. Being dependent on particular mechanisms of preservation of the somatic parental chromosomal number in offspring, it can vary from inheritance of only maternal features to complete substitution of paternal for maternal ones. Anyway, it seems to be obvious, that any unusual rearrangement of the genetic material, while reproducing, abruptly changes the characteristic features of the 'mendelian population', which are considered to be the base of the widely accepted concept of speciation.
Animal Genetics - Approaches and Limitations [Working Title]
2018
She received her BSc in 1996 (veterinary medicine-FVM Cluj-Napoca), and her PhD title with "cum laude" distinction in 2005. She has published three editions of genetic textbooks for students (two in Romanian and one in English) and more than 150 research papers. She is an EAEVE (European Association of Establishments for Veterinary Education) evaluator in the basic sciences field and she is a member of ECA (European Cytogenetics Association) and EBTNA (European Biotechnology Thematic Network Association) associations. She is co-author of two patents and 3 trademarks.
Lecture notes in population genetics
2012
Preface vii I The genetic structure of populations 1 1 Genetic transmission in populations 3 2 The Hardy-Weinberg Principle and estimating allele frequencies 7 3 Inbreeding and self-fertilization 4 Testing Hardy-Weinberg 5 Wahlund effect, Wright's F-statistics 6 Analyzing the genetic structure of populations 7 Analyzing the genetic structure of populations: a Bayesian approach 8 Analyzing the genetic structure of populations: individual assignment 9 Two-locus population genetics Chapter 1 Genetic transmission in populations Mendel's rules describe how genetic transmission happens between parents and offspring. Consider a monohybrid cross: