Essential American Slang Dictionary (original) (raw)
Appendix 1: Lexicon and Abbreviations
2009
Term Defi nition & c. Archaic English abbreviation for et cetera. Achiote Red paste from Bixa orellana , commonly added to chocolate (see annato, rocoa). Acompting-house Archaic English term for bookkeeping; an accounting offi ce. ADCM Archives d é partementales de la Charente-Maritime (Canadian Archive). Adulteration Addition of impure substances for the purpose of defrauding customers (e.g., adulterated chocolate). Aduna Royal Port authority; head of the Royal Customs Department. Aga Turkish civil leader. AGI Archivo General de las Indias (Archive of the Indies, Seville, Spain). AGN Archivo General de la Naci ó n (General Archive of the Nation), Mexico City, Mexico. Aguardiente Commonly translated as brandy.
Slang Terminology – Old Problems and New Solutions
2016
Over the years, in my work I have constantly highlighted the terminological heterogeneity in the field of European social dialects. Many of the terms that belong to national traditions and cultures are used in conjunction with international scientific ones (Armianov: 2004). And yet, the linguistic features that make terms out of ordinary words are rather clear and we can put forward the following characteristics: 1. the single meaning (the monosemy) of the term; 2. its semantic precision; 3. its stylistic neutrality.
Наукові записки Національного університету «Острозька акаде мія», серія «Філологічна», вип. 67, 2017
The article is devoted to the analysis of acronyms and abbreviations as a part of the Internet slang and to the highlighting of the way they influence the development of the language. It underlines the specificity of acronyms and abbreviations in the process of communication in so called chatspeaks in the Internet and their possibility to assimilate and transform in accordance to the needs and rules of the target languages. The article examines the key aspects of acronyms' and abbreviations' changes in the process of live language developing due to the communication of English-speaking Internet users from the countries all over the world. It includes the comparison between the English and the Ukrainian variants and equivalents of addressing to the speaker in the process of Internet communication in social networks, chats and discussion boards. The article puts a stress on the importance of a context understanding and adequate interpreting due to the situations when some acronyms as well as abbreviations have more than one meaning which can be completely lexically opposite to the needed one. It presents not only examples and variants of possible acronyms and abbreviations but also highlights the transformations which have had a place due to the language development. The article works out the most widely used acronyms and abbreviations of the Internet slang in two languages-English and Ukrainian and provides numeral examples on the similarities in sounding forms of some units and differences in their actual form in the target language. It underlines the reasons of the Internet slang usage and the necessity of scientific researches of this field due to the relevance of the studies turned to the Internet communication including acronyms and abbreviations as well which help to form trendy and popular ways of chatspeaks.
THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH SLANGS FOUND IN THE ANTMAN MOVIE
This article discusses the meaning and types of English slangs found in the Ant Man Movie directed by Peyton Reed, produced by Wald Disney Studios Motion Pictures, 2015. The main object of the research was to find out the meaning of English slangs found in the Ant Man Movie and classify them depending on its characteristics of English Slangs types. This research used a qualitative method. In Classifying the English Slangs, researchers used theory from Coleman that classifying English slangs into seven; English Slang changes in meaning, English Slang changes in function, English Slang change in form, English Slang created by abbreviation, English Slang changes in spelling, Slangs loans and Slangs from imitating sound. Through this research, researchers found forty English Slangs in the Ant Man Movie; fourteen English Slangs created by changes in meaning, two English Slangs created by changes in, twelve English Slangs created by changes, five English Slangs created by abbreviation, seven English Slangs created by changes in spelling, four English Slangs loans, and two English Slangs are from sound. English slangs are non-register language. It is more acceptable in daily life because it is fresher and simple in use. .
The Forms and Meanings of American Slangs Used inTED 2 Movie Scripts
Humanis, 2020
The title of this paper is “ The Forms and Meanings of American Slang Use in ”TED 2” Movie Script. The aims of this study are to know and describe the forms and types of slang words and phrases used by the characters in TED 2 movie script, and to analyze the meanings of slangs found in TED 2 movie script. The data were collected from the TED 2 movie scripts. The data were collected through internet source. The data was analyzed by descriptive method. The theory used to analyze the problem was proposed by chapman (1998) about the types and forms of slang, while for the meaning of slang the theory used was proposed by Lyons (1981). Theresult of data analysis were presented with descriptive method. The findings of the research found that, there are two kind of slangs in the data, there are primary slang and secondary slang. The total number of data of primary slangs was found are twenty one, while for the secondary slangs they are found nineteen. As to the meaning of slang, there are...
SUFFIXATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY ENGLISH SLANG: A CASE STUDY OF DERIVATIONAL SEMANTICS
New Philology, 2021
The present article focuses on exploring the phenomenon of suffixation actively contributing to English slang lexicon in the 21st century. Suffixation is understood as a word formation mechanism in which postpositional auxiliary morphemes with associative derivational meaning (suffixes) serve as a means of semantic change in denotation, connotation or both. As this form of affixation is capable of conveying a wide range of stylistic, expressive, emotional, and evaluative connotations, it is especially productive in English slang, given its colloquial, informal, and substandard nature. It equally remains historically one of the major word-formation mechanisms invariably replenishing English slang. According to the present research, three substantival (-er, -ie, and -ing) and one participial (-ed) suffixes are labelled as highly productive, accounting for the formation of overall 381 slang items (or 75.3% of all suffixal neologisms). The lexical material represents a selection from three English slang dictionaries, namely “The concise new Partridge dictionary of slang and unconventional English” (2008), “Vice slang” (2008), and “The Routledge dictionary of modern American slang and unconventional English” (2009). Semantically, the substantival suffixes are found to express objectness denominating: animate entities based on their appearance, behaviour patterns or character traits, object of activity, origin, and professional or recreational activities; inanimate entities based on their function, functional location, origin, physical characteristics, and production method; phenomena based on their causers; actions or states based on their characteristics. The only participial suffix attested, apart from traditionally conveying attributiveness as a result of an action, equally reveals a novel meaning – ‘alcohol- or drug-intoxicated’, when either the morphemically segmented root does not exist as a separate lexeme / as a morpheme within a derivative, and is, therefore, semantically unattested, or the root formally exists as a separate lexeme / as a morpheme within a derivative but is semantically incompatible with the slang neologism.
Types and Meanings of American Slang Used by the Main Characters in Bad Boy II Movie
Humanis, 2015
Jurnal ini berjudul The Types and Meanings of American slang Used by The Main Characters in Bad Boy II Movie". Ada beberapa alasan memilih Film Bad Boy, alasan yang pertama, film ini telah menerima sejumlah penghargaan; selain itu, Film ini adalah salah satu film yang terkenal di benua Amerika karena film ini menceritakan tentang lelaki yang bertingkah buruk dan filmnya sangat sama sekali dengan kehidupan nyata. Studi ini mencoba untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan maksud dari bahasa informal dari amerika. Data dalam studi ini diambil dari film yang berjudul Bad Boy II oleh Michael Bay. Metode yang digunaklan dalam menganalisis data adalah metode documentasi. Pada studi ini pengumpulan dengan metode documetasi, adapun tahap-tahapnya: pertama menemukan film Bad Boy, yang kedua mencari cerita dari Bad Boy itu sendiri, ketiga bandingkan antara film dengan susunan cerita untuk menemukan masing-masing peranannya dalam film itu sendiri, dan kemudian cari kata-kata informal yang digunakan oleh pemeran utama,dan tahap yang terakhir masukan kata yang informal yang digunakan oleh pemeran utama ke dalam kamus urban. Data dari studi ini di kumpulkan derngan cara pencatatan. Ada dua teori utama yang di gunakan untuk menganalisis data ini. Teori yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tipe-tipe dari bahasa informal amerika adalah teori dari Chapman tahun 1988; "primary slang dan secondary slang". Teori yang kedua yang digunakan untuk menganalisis makna-makna dari bahasa informal tersebut adalah teori dari Leech, tahun 1983 telah memberi tujuh makna dari bahasabahasa informal Amerika seperrti Conceptual meaning,, Connotative meaning, stylistic meaning, Affective meaning, Reflected meaning, Collective meaning, Thematic meaning. Hasil dari analisis sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa tipe-tipe darii primary slang lebih dominan ditemukan dalam film tersebut. Disamping itu, dari makna yang terdapat dalam film tersebut bisa dijelaskan bahwa stylistic meaning yang paling dominan.
The Form of Slang Terms in the “Kingsman: the Golden Circle” Movie
Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal
This research aimed to analyze the slang terms found in the Kingsman: The Golden Circle (2015) movie. This descriptive qualitative research focused on slang formation in this movie. This research used Bloomfield and Guth’s theories. The source of the data was all slang terms in the movie. Method of collecting data used observational method with non-participatory technique. In analyzing the data, this research used referential identity method with competence in equalizing technique. From this research, the results showed that there were 1 slang term in abbreviation such as teeth, 14 slang terms in shortened form such as wanna, i’ll, i’ve, they’re, d’d, thinkin’, doin', hookin' up, ain’t, y’all, gent, 'em, ma'am, meth, champ, shittin’, 8 slang terms in interjection such as fuck, fucking hell, shit, cheers, yep, bloody hell, crap, fuck off, 3 slang terms in figurative expressions such as bullshit, kick in, dumbass and 12 slang terms in nickname such as buddy, b...