Titanium Alloys for Dental Implants: A Review (original) (raw)
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Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, 2015
d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 3 1 ( 2 0 1 5 ) e1-e13 Titanium High strength titanium alloy Strain hardening Mechanical properties Dental implant a b s t r a c t Objective. Commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) and Ti-6Al-4V (Ti G5) alloy have limitations for biomedical application, due to lower mechanical strength and the possibility of ion release, respectively. The purpose of this work was to compare the properties of a modified cp Ti grade 4 (Ti G4 Hard) with those of available cp Ti and Ti G5 alloys.
In Vitro Biocompatibility Testing of Three Newly Developed Titanium Alloys for Oral Implantology
2017
The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of three newly developed titanium alloys: Ti-31.7Nb-6.21Zr-1.4Fe-0.16O, Ti-36.5Nb-4.5Zr3Ta-0.16O and Ti-20Nb-5Ta, in order to establish whether the use of these alloys can have any toxic or injurious effects on biological systems and how they promote the osseointegration process. Ti-6Al-4V was used as a reference material. The key factors in the osseointegration of implants are related to the increased colonization of osteogenic cells on the implant surface, as well as to their differentiation into mature osteoblasts. Osseointegration of metallic implants involves increased osteogenic activity of bone cells, the biological response of osteoblasts in vitro being a good parameter for assessing the performance of metallic implant surface. The purpose of the study was achieved by studying the behavior of MC3T3E1 murine pre-osteoblastic cell line on the new alloys, including adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Th...
Comparison Study for the Quantity of Titanium Exist in Different Type of Dental Implant Alloy
2020
Aims: The current study aims to compare alloys of dental implants and to find the ratio of titanium element (Ti) with different origins which are used by dentists in dental implant to restore the missing teeth. Materials and Methods: Three types of dental implants from Germany, Italy and Korea used in this study for statement the chemical structure of these alloys using (XRD: X-Ray Diffraction) (Model S1Turbo SD LE CE , BRUKER). Hardness, tensile strength, and flexibility coefficient tested by hardness measuring device Micro Hardness – AMSLER, Germany, 1978. The microstructure of samples obtained by Metrology Microscope (600X), ME-3125, UNION, 1978, Japan. Results: Different elements appeared in each alloy, and the titanium (Ti) ratio was the main one, where the Germany type (95.14%), Italy, (91.21%), while Korea type was the highest (95.21%). Tension Resistance in Germany model (755) N/(mm) 2 , Italian (781) N/(mm) 2 , and Germany (785) N/(mm) 2 . Hardness Vickers (HV) in Germany (...
Titanium in Dentistry: Historical Development, State of the Art and Future Perspectives
The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society, 2012
Titanium is a metallic element known by several attractive characteristics, such as biocompatibility, excellent corrosion resistance and high mechanical resistance. It is widely used in Dentistry, with high success rates, providing a favorable biological response when in contact with live tissues. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the different uses of titanium in Dentistry, reviewing its historical development and discoursing about its state of art and future perspective of its utilization. A search in the MEDLINE/PubMed database was performed using the terms 'titanium', 'dentistry' and 'implants'. The title and abstract of articles were read, and after this first screening 20 articles were selected and their full-texts were downloaded. Additional text books and manual search of reference lists within selected articles were included. Correlated literature showed that titanium is the most used metal in Implantology for manufacturing osseointegrated implants and their systems, with a totally consolidated utilization. Moreover, titanium can be also employed in prosthodontics to obtain frameworks. However, problems related to its machining, casting, welding and ceramic application for dental prosthesis are still limiting its use. In Endodontics, titanium has been used in association to nickel for manufacturing rotatory instruments, providing a higher resistance to deformation. However, although the different possibilities of using titanium in modern Dentistry, its use for prostheses frameworks still needs technological improvements in order to surpass its limitations.
Advanced materials …, 2007
Various types of titanium alloys with high strength and low elastic modulus and, at the same time, vanadium and aluminium free have been developed as surgical biomaterials in recent years. Moreover, porous metals are promising hard tissue implants in orthopaedic and dentistry, where they mimic the porous structure and the low elastic modulus of natural bone. In the present study, new biocompatible Ti-based alloy foams with approximate relative densities of 0.4, in which Sn and Nb were added as alloying metals, were synthesised through powder metallurgy method. The new alloys were prepared by mechanical alloying and subsequently sintered at high temperature using a vacuum furnace. The characteristics and the processability of the ball milled powders and the new porous titanium-based alloys were characterised by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy .The mechanical properties of the new titanium alloys were examined by Vickers microhardness measurements and compression testing.
BioMed Research International, 2016
Titanium implants are widely used in the orthopedic and dentistry fields for many decades, for joint arthroplasties, spinal and maxillofacial reconstructions, and dental prostheses. However, despite the quite satisfactory survival rates failures still exist. New Ti-alloys and surface treatments have been developed, in an attempt to overcome those failures. This review provides information about new Ti-alloys that provide better mechanical properties to the implants, such as superelasticity, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies, which investigate the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of these new biomaterials, are introduced. In addition, data regarding the bioactivity of new surface treatments and surface topographies on Ti-implants is provided. The aim of this paper is to discuss the current trends, advantages, and disadvantages of new titanium-based biomaterials, fabricated to enhance the quality of life of many patients around t...
Characterization of new and retrieved titanium biomaterial for dental implants
Materiali in Tehnologije, 2021
Dental implants serve as a reliable treatment option for replacing missing teeth. The important properties for implant materials are, besides biocompatibility, adequate strength, corrosion, wear and fracture resistance. The most important step in the stability of the implant is a structural and functional connection between the implant's surface and the newly formed bone, which is called osseointegration. It comprises a cascade of complex physiological mechanisms. The implant's surface characteristics and roughness are the most important in achieving the biomechanical concept of secondary stability. Nowadays, dental implants are produced from metals, ceramics or even polymers. Rehabilitations with titanium and titanium-alloy dental implants have shown long-term survival; therefore, they have become a gold standard to replace missing teeth. In the study we investigated new and retrieved dental implants and restorative materials, commercially pure titanium (cpTi), the Ti6Al4V alloy and CoCrMo alloys using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy for the surface morphology and microstructure. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy was used for the chemical analyses. The results showed that the surfaces of the Ti and Ti6Al4V implants were roughened by corundum (Al2O3) blasting, and the corundum contamination was found not only on the surface but also in the sub-surface of the new and retrieved dental implants. It is assumed that the retained corundum Al2O3 contamination on the surface of the Ti or Ti-alloy affects the osseointegration and longevity of the dental-implant rehabilitation.
Nanostructured titanium - application in dental implants
2006
New materials for dental substitutes are developed. Nanostructured titanium (nTi) is a perspective material for these purposes. This paper compares its properties with that of other materials used for the same purpose. nTi is bio inert, it contains neither even potentially toxic nor allergenetic additives and has significantly higher specific strength properties than any other material used for dental implants. Cylindrical threaded screw implants Nanoimplant® were made-up from nTi. Implants were used in two clinical applications. No complications were noticed during the early postoperative period and early loading. It was the first application of the nTi dental implant in the world reported.
Development of binary and ternary titanium alloys for dental implants
Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, 2017
The aim of this study was to develop binary and ternary titanium (Ti) alloys containing zirconium (Zr) and niobium (Nb) and to characterize them in terms of microstructural, mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, and biological properties. The experimental alloys - (in wt%) Ti-5Zr, Ti-10Zr, Ti-35Nb-5Zr, and Ti-35Nb-10Zr - were fabricated from pure metals. Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and Ti-6Al-4V were used as controls. Microstructural analysis was performed by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Vickers microhardness, elastic modulus, dispersive energy spectroscopy, X-ray excited photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, surface roughness, and surface free energy were evaluated. The electrochemical behavior analysis was conducted in a body fluid solution (pH 7.4). The albumin adsorption was measured by the bicinchoninic acid method. Data were evaluated through one-way ANOVA and the Tukey test (α=0.05). The alloying elements proved to modify ...
ScienceDirect Development of binary and ternary titanium alloys for dental implants
Objective. The aim of this study was to develop binary and ternary titanium (Ti) alloys containing zirconium (Zr) and niobium (Nb) and to characterize them in terms of microstructural, mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, and biological properties. Methods. The experimental alloys-(in wt%) Ti-5Zr, Ti-10Zr, Ti-35Nb-5Zr, and Ti-35Nb-10Zr-were fabricated from pure metals. Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and Ti-6Al-4V were used as controls. Microstructural analysis was performed by means of X-ray diffraction