From Smart Grids to an Energy Internet: (A Review Paper on Key Features of an Energy Internet) (original) (raw)

Architecture of Energy Internet and Its Technologies in Application Reviewed

Journal of Clean Energy Technologies

The increase of distributed energy, deregulation of energy market together with the growing pressure from energy consumption resulted climate change urges a transformation of the energy sector. The dumb centralized grid marches on a metamorphosis to a smart, distributed grid and a diversity of new market roles, business models and technologies are spawned. The other shore of this revolution is called Energy Internet or Internet of Energy. The present work proposes architecture of Energy Internet as a tool of categorization and presents the state-of-art related technologies and use cases based on a wide range of sources including academic papers, project reports, policies and press information.

Energy Internet, the Future Electricity System: Overview, Concept, Model Structure, and Mechanism

Energy Internet, a futuristic evolution of electricity system, is conceptualized as an energy sharing network. Its features, such as plug-and-play mechanism, real-time bidirectional flow of energy, information, and money can lead to significant benefits and innovation in electricity production and utilization. Energy Internet integrates small-scale renewable energy systems, electric loads, storage devices, and electric vehicles for effective transaction of power backed by emerging technologies such as Internet of Things, vehicle-to-grid, and blockchain. At present, there is no scaled-up working model of Energy Internet, and literature is scarce, which makes the research in this domain significant, novel, and timely. Given this, an attempt is made to develop the conceptual model of an Energy Internet, elaborate its structure and components, and discuss its operational principles. First, a comprehensive overview of Energy Internet is presented along with its aptness as a future evolution of electricity system. Second, concepts, architectures, and features that underpin Energy Internet are outlined. Third, concept of 'Energy Intranet' is introduced to denote the scaled-down version of Energy Internet, which embodies energy prosumers and local energy markets to form a local energy cluster. Finally, discussion is presented on the network structure of Energy Internet, relevance of emerging technologies and innovative operational mechanisms.

The Emerging Energy Internet: Architecture, Benefits, Challenges, and Future Prospects

Electronics

Energy Internet is a concept proposed to harness, control, and manage energy resources effectively, with the help of information and communication technology. It improves a reliability of the system, and provides an increased utilization of energy resources by integrating the smart grid with the Internet. A scalable and reliable information and communication architecture is a crucial factor for both the operation and management of the energy Internet. The routing or managing of electrical energy is performed through an energy router (ER), synonymous with a communication router, which routes data packets instead of energy packets. In this paper, a holistic review of the energy Internet evolution in terms of the architecture, types of ERs, and the benefits and challenges of its implementation is presented. An exhaustive summary of the designs and architectures of the different types of ERs is also presented in this paper. The benefits of the energy Internet, along with the challenges ...

Overview of the Conversion of Traditional Power Grid to Internet Energy

IJEER, 2020

In the information society, no human activity stands still, including the electric power industry. As a result, there has been a shift from a traditional grid architecture to a new information and communication technology architecture. The object of the study of this article is a smart power supply system. The purpose of the study is to consider problems for implementing the concepts of "Smart Grid" and "Internet of energy." To do this, a brief overview was made of the traditional electricity supply system, as well as promising renewable energy sources and its promising directions. In order for several RSE to exist in the same power grid without any problems, it is necessary to use energy routers that are able to connect several power grids operating on different sources. The received system monitor by the power grid management systems (SCADA, distributed control system). There are also discussed the SCADA tasks and features. The above all leads to the implementation of two innovative concepts in the field of energy: Smart Grid and Internet energy.

Smart Grid to Energy Internet: A Systematic Review of Transitioning Electricity Systems

IEEE Access

The concept of Energy Internet has emerged from the limitless possibilities of energy sharing networks formed by interconnection of electricity producers cum consumers (prosumers) with renewable energy sources/systems, electric loads, and storage devices. Energy Internet represents a radical transformation of traditional electricity system by orchestrating real-time bidirectional power, communication, and money flows. This transformation is expected to be resultant of ongoing renewable energy transitions and evolution in the energy technologies such as smart grids, storage devices, vehicle-to-grid, etc. Energy Internet will rely on wide spectrum of Information and Communication Technologies such as Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchains, Payment Interfaces, etc. These technologies have achieved a state of evolution to facilitate seamless bidirectional flows in the Energy Internet. This paper has attempted to study the aptness of Energy Internet for a transitioning electricity system by focusing on national electricity systems across the globe. Firstly, study delves into discussion on studies related to smart grids since it is the precursor of Energy Internet, and various other studies which discuss the developments that likely to enable smooth transition of present electricity system to Energy Internet. Secondly, a systematic review of literature related to state-of-the-art of Energy Internet is performed to outline its structure, operational features and energy market mechanisms. We find that while system infrastructures, technologies, and operational principles across globe are adequately ready for the transition to Energy Internet, hindrances put forth by the policies, regulations, government agencies and institutions need to be addressed to realize a nationwide Energy Internet. INDEX TERMS Blockchain, energy Internet, energy transition, peer-to-peer energy trading, smart grid.

8-Construction of Interconnected Communication Smart Grid 5

Faced with the increasingly severe pressure on resources and environment, power grid intellectualization is an important method to promote the development of renewable energy sources as well as achieve optimal allocation of resources and environmental protection. This paper proposes the structure of interconnected communication system among smart grid and varieties of networks. The core of the structure can be summed up as follows: if the communication system which interconnects smart grid, micro-grid and enterprise (or large electricity user) via electric power communication WAN, as well as the communication network between smart grid and Internet of Things via Internet could be established, the characteristics of real-time, efficient, reliable data-exchange, information and resource sharing, and dependable, secure intelligent protection and control would be achieved for the purpose of the realization of smart grid marked as “ strong, cost-effective, environmentalfriendly, open and interactive”.

The internet of energy: a web-enabled smart grid system

IEEE Network, 2000

Abstract The quest for sustainable energy models is the main factor driving research on smart grid technology. SGs represent the bridging paradigm to enable highly efficient energy production, transport, and consumption along the whole chain, from the source to the user. Although this concept promises to be very fruitful, the research on how to deploy it in the real world has just begun. A discussion on the enabling technologies for SGs and a possible roadmap for the profitable evolution thereof is the focus of this article. After introducing the ...

Towards an Internet-like Power Grid

JOURNAL OF MODERN POWER SYSTEMS AND CLEAN ENERGY, 2020

The great challenges faced by modern power systems require a fresh look at the conventional operation paradigm. We claim that the decarbonization of the grid and the extensive electrification of many sectors of the human activity can only be fostered by a self-adaptable and smart power grid manifesting similar qualities with the Internet. The Internet is built on a layered architecture that facilitates technology innovations and its intelligence is distributed throughout a hierarchy of networks. In this paper, the fundamental differences between network data flows and network power flows are examined while the basic requirements for an innovative operational paradigm are highlighted. The current grid is operated in a highly inflexible , centralized way in order to meet increased security goals. A new, highly flexible, distributed architecture can be realized by distributing the operation responsibility in smaller areas or even in grid components themselves to make autonomous decisions. The characteristics of such a grid are portrayed, while the key features and advances for the ongoing transition to a sustainable power system are identified. A case study for distributed voltage control is presented and discussed at the end. Index Terms-Smart electricity grid, Internet, distributed intelligence , decentralized architecture.

Smart Grid–Internet of Future Technology for Electrical Energy

Abstract: Power Grid systems are essential for the economical growth of India. The Grid System is continuously evolving. It is keeping pace with the available technologies. Smart Grid is based on the technology of Internet. It aims at,“SAVE ENERGY→ SAVE MONEY”. It increases reliability. It provides choices to the consumers. It protects them from possible outages. It makes power system to protect itself from cyber attacks and natural disasters.