THE EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTANTS FROM THE CEMENT INDUSTRY ON THE HEALTH OF THE KALAMBAINA COMMUNITY, SOKOTO, NIGERIA (original) (raw)
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Appraisal of social and health impact of a cement plant at host communities in Yandev, Nigeria
Science Journal of Public Health; Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 275-283, 2014
Nigeria has extensive mineral and natural resources hence, developmental projects are being proposed and executed on a daily basis, many of which involve large-scale alteration of human, animal and plant ecosystems. Limestone mining and cement production commenced in 1980 at the study area, Yandev, without an environmental impact assessment to ascertain the extent of impact these activities could bring to bear on the physical and living conditions of the host environment. This study was carried out to appraise the social and health impact that mining of limestone and production of cement has inflicted on the host communities. Descriptive statistics and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to analyse the primary data obtained. A total of 218 responses from 3 sampled (2 host and 1 control) communities, in addition to hospital records from 3 primary health centres, confirm severe health-related impacts of limestone mining and cement production on human populations at the host communities. The study concludes that the environmental compliance status of Dangote Cement Plc, Yandev towards attaining sustainability for the host communities as spelt by the Agenda 21 (Chapter 10, Objectives a & c) is far from meeting the target requirement. The study recommends ameliorative measures including constant fumigation to control the proliferation of vector-based and zoonosis diseases; adoption of improved and cleaner production technologies, and relocation of communities away from the immediate vicinity of the factory.
Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2015
Background: The health of communities living around industrial areas has been a cause for concern. Effluents and emissions produced in these areas have been shown to affect health of these communities adversely. Across the world, industrial disasters have affected host communities. Cement manufacture causes environmental impacts at all stages of its production. These include emissions of airborne pollutants in the form of dust, gases, noise and vibration when operating machinery and during blasting in quarries. Many of these air pollutants have been associated with increased respiratory morbidity and mortality across all age groups. Objective: This study investigated the effect of cement dust exposure on lung function among residents of Kalambaina community in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Methodology: A total of 514 respondents participated in the study; 244 residents of Kalambaina, the host community of the cement factory and 270 in the non exposed group, residents of Gidan Madi, a community that has neither cement nor any other dust generating factory. Gidan Madi is 70km away from the cement factory. Both communities are rural and socio-culturally similar. The study employed a comparative cross-sectional analytical design. An interviewer-administered semistructured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic parameters, and exposure to cement dust. It also inquired about habits like cigarette smoking and history of exposure to dusty jobs. Physical examination of the subjects included measurements of weight, height, blood pressure and pulse rate. Spirometry was used to assess lung functions. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 15.0 for windows (Inc., Chicago, USA, 2001). The results were recorded as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The P-value was taken as statistically significant at P< 0.05. Results: The FVC, FEV 1 and FEV 1 % were significantly lower in the exposed subjects (P = 0.0001, P= 0.024 and P= 0.0002 respectively). There was however, no statistically significant difference in the PEFR (P = 0.095). Linear regression of the lung function parameters and the duration of exposure or stay in Kalambaina community showed negative correlation. The pattern of obstructive lung function among respondents in both exposed and non exposed communities showed significantly higher prevalence in the exposed community than in the non exposed community (P = 0.0215). Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that the health of residents of Kalambaina the host community of www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 3.79
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