Measurement of Choroidal Thickness Following Caffeine Intake in Healthy Subjects (original) (raw)
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The effect of caffeine on choroidal thickness in young healthy subjects
Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2014
Background: To investigate the effect of oral caffeine intake on choroidal thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: Eighteen otherwise healthy caffeine users and 18 controls were enrolled. All participants underwent OCT scanning with high-speed and resolution spectral-domain OCT device (3D OCT 2000, Topcon, Japan) at baseline, and 1 and 3 h following 200-mg oral caffeine intake in the study and after oral placebo in the control group. The measurements were taken in the morning (10-12 am) to avoid diurnal fluctuation. Results: The median choroidal thickness at the fovea prior to oral caffeine intake was 337.00 (IQR 83.75) mm, which decreased to 311.00 (IQR 79.25) mm at 1 h and 311.00 (IQR 75.00) mm at 3 h following oral caffeine intake (p ¼ 0.001, 0.002, respectively). The median choroidal thickness was also significantly decreased following oral caffeine intake at other five extrafoveal points (p50.05 for all). The difference in choroidal thickness was not statistically significant between 1 and 3 h of caffeine intake at all six points. In the control group, the median baseline choroidal thickness at the fovea was 330.00 (IQR 88.75) mm, which was 330.50 (IQR 80.75) mm at 1 h and 330.50 (IQR 90.75) mm at 3 h (p ¼ 0.552, 0.704, respectively). Conclusions: Caffeine causes a significant decrease in choroidal thickness following oral intake. This decrease might be a result of reduced ocular blood flow due to its vasoconstrictive effect.
The effect of caffeine on retinal vessel diameter in young healthy subjects
Acta Ophthalmologica, 2012
Purpose: To investigate the effect of caffeine on retinal vessel diameter before and during flicker light stimulation in young healthy subjects. Methods: Seventeen healthy subjects (mean age: 29.6 ± 3.73 years, range: 22-35 years) were included in this study. The diameter of retinal vessels was measured continuously with the retinal vessel analyzer (RVA) before and 1 hr after 200 mg oral caffeine intake. After baseline assessment, a green luminance flicker of 20-second duration was applied to stimulate retinal activity. The diameter of a segment of an arteriole and of a venule were measured during stimulation and 80 second after cessation of the stimulus. Flicker stimulation and 80-second measurement interval were carried out three times. Blood pressure parameters, systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were obtained before and after oral caffeine intake. Results: The mean diameter of the arterioles at baseline before caffeine intake was 123.30 ± 14.0 lm (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation) and after caffeine 117.30 ± 13.0 lm which was significantly different (p = 0.004). The mean diameter of the venules at baseline before caffeine intake was 147.60 ± 19.5 lm and after caffeine 137.73 ± 19.9 lm which was significantly different (p = 0.005). The mean diameter of the arterioles during flicker light stimulation before caffeine intake was 126.65 ± 13.24 lm and after caffeine intake 121.59 ± 12.12 lm (p = 0.012). The mean diameter of the venules during flicker light stimulation before caffeine intake was 151.87 ± 18.63 lm and after caffeine intake was 145.14 ± 19.82 lm (p = 0.027). The flicker response of the arterioles increased from 2.8% before caffeine to 3.8% after caffeine intake (p = 0.010). The flicker response of the venules increased from 3.4% before caffeine to 5.5% after caffeine intake (p = 0.0001). Baseline diameters and diameters during flicker light stimulation after caffeine intake showed a significant negative correlation to the MAP for the arterioles (baseline: r =)0.338, p = 0.049 and flicker: r =)0.345, p = 0.046) and the venules (baseline: r =)0.496, p = 0.003 and flicker: r =)0.479, p = 0.004). Conclusions: The present study showed a significant vasoconstrictory response of the retinal vessels 1 hr after caffeine intake in young healthy subjects. Retinal vessel diameter changes were negatively correlated with MAP after caffeine consumption. These effects seem to be elicited by an autoregulatory response of the retinal vessels to the increased blood pressure changes after caffeine.
Acute effects of coffee consumption on the microcirculation of macula and optic nerve head
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute changes in retinal vasculature following coffee consumption.Methods: This is an interventional case series. The subjects were 22 healthy young adults. They were asked to rest in a silent room for 15 minutes; then, their heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and arterial oxygen saturation pressure (spO2) were measured with a single patient monitoring system. OCT and OCT-A imaging of disc and macula were performed for both eyes of the subjects. These measurements were repeated 45 minutes after drinking a cup of 450 milliliters of coffee containing a standard dose of 130 milligrams of caffeine. Macular and optic nerve head neuro vasculature changes were assessed.Results: The results of our study didn’t show a significant change in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and neural structural and vascular parameters of the optic nerve head. Although assessments of macular vasculature showed a significant decrement in sup...
Psychopharmacology
Background Acute caffeine ingestion has been associated with improvements in cognitive performance and visual functioning. The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of caffeine intake on dynamic visual acuity (DVA). Methods Twenty-one low caffeine consumers (22.5 ± 1.6 years) took part in this placebo-controlled, double-blind, and balanced crossover study. In two different days and following a random order, participants ingested either caffeine (4 mg/kg) or placebo, and DVA was measured after 60 min of ingesting the corresponding capsule. A recently developed and validated software (moV& test, V&mp Vision Suite, Waterloo, Canada) was used to assess DVA. Results We found a greater accuracy for both the horizontal and random motion paths of DVA after caffeine ingestion (p
BioMed Research International, 2016
No study has so far evaluated the impact of coffee drinking on ocular wavefront aberration (OWA) measurements. This study presents novel findings regarding the OWA of the eye following coffee intake. We aimed to evaluate the acute changes in pupil size and OWA of the eye after single administration of coffee. A total of 30 otherwise healthy participants were included in this prospective study. All subjects drank a cup of coffee containing 57 mg caffeine. Measurements of pupil size, total coma (TC), total trefoil (TF), total spherical aberration (TSA), and total higher order aberration (HOA) were performed before and at 5 minutes, at 30 minutes, and at 4 hours after coffee drinking using a wavefront aberrometer device (Irx3, Imagine Eyes, Orsay, France). The mean age of the study population was 20.30 ± 2.74 years. Pupil size did not show a significant change during the measurements (p>0.05). A significant increase was observed in TF and HOA measurements following coffee intake (p=...
Acute effects of caffeine and glucose intake on retinal vessel calibres in healthy volunteers
International Ophthalmology
Purpose To evaluate the acute effects of caffeine and glucose intake on retinal vascular calibre of healthy adults. Methods This prospective crossover study was conducted at the Centre for Eye Research Australia (Melbourne, Australia). Standardized doses of 300 mg caffeine (approximately 3 cups coffee), 30 g glucose or 300 ml of water, were each given to 19 healthy subjects on separate days. Retinal photographs and blood pressure measurements were taken at baseline, 30-, 60- and 120-min after ingestion of each solution. Central retinal artery and vein equivalents (CRAE, CRVE) and the arterio-venule ratio were measured using computer-assisted software. The mean retinal vascular calibre measurements were compared between pre- and post-ingestion images. Results After caffeine intake, significant reductions were observed in mean CRAE of − 9.3 μm, − 10.4 μm and − 8.5 μm and CRVE of − 16.9 μm, − 18.7 μm and − 16.1 μm at 30-, 60- and 120-min after intake when compared with baseline (p ≤ 0....
Coffee Intake and Progression of Glaucoma
International Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2015
Introduction: Glaucoma is a second cause of blindness worldwide. Diet may potentially contribute to the disease progression. Coffee which contains caffeine is widely consumed globally. The aim of this study was to determine the association between coffee intakes and progression of glaucoma. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted on 91 primary glaucoma patients who were on topical antiglaucoma drugs. Direct face to face questionnaire on the frequency of coffee intake was conducted between December 2011 and May 2012. Ocular examination was performed including intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and fundus examination. Two consecutive reliable Humphrey visual field (HVF) 24-2 standard analysis was obtained at the recruitment period. Severity and progression was based Hoddap-Parrish-Anderson (HPA) criteria. The progression of primary glaucoma was based on the difference of HVF at the diagnosis and the recruitment. Results: 63 (69%) were coffee drinkers with 68% of them drink coffee daily. 42 of primary glaucoma patients who consumed coffee in their diet developed progression of their disease after 6.6 (SD 4.4) years of follow up. Mean IOP at initial presentation (22.9 SD 8.1mmHg) and at current recruitment period (15.5 SD 2.3mmHg) was slightly lower among coffee drinkers but without significant difference (p=0.538, 0.454 respectively). There was no significant association between coffee drinking and severity of glaucoma (p=0.863). In spite of negative association between coffee drinking and progression of glaucoma (p=0.250), the frequency of coffee drinking was significantly associated (p=0.001) with progression glaucoma. Daily coffee drinking increased the risk of progression 8.1 folds (95% CI 2.5, 26.9) based on multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Drinking coffee daily was associated with glaucoma progression in this small study. Perhaps, glaucoma patient should minimize or avoid coffee intake.
Effects of nicotine on choroidal thickness by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography
Revista Mexicana de Oftalmología (English Edition)
Background: Smoking and nicotine are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, so it is expected that they are associated with vascular changes in the organism, including the choroidal vasculature. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of nicotine on choroidal thickness in healthy patients by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods: Case-control study that measured choroidal thickness in healthy subjects after chewing a 4 mg nicotine gum compared to a control group that received nicotine-free chewing gum. For descriptive statistics frequencies, means and standard deviation were used. For inferential statistics, one-way analysis of variance was used for intergroup comparisons. Results: Sixty-four eyes were included. When comparing choroidal thickness in the control group at baseline, 1 hour and 2 hours, no significant difference was observed (p = 0.29, p = 0.13, respectively). Additionally, when we performed the comparison of the group with nicotine, we did not observe a statistical significance between baseline, 1-hour and 2-hour choroidal thickness (p = 0.57, p = 1.43, respectively). Conclusion: In our study, we did not observe that nicotine chewing gum induced transient changes in choroidal thickness; these changes could be related to chronic nicotine use and the subsequent damage generated by it.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2018
PURPOSE. To determine the pharmacokinetics of perorally administered caffeine, a widely consumed and potent dietary antioxidant, in the anterior lens capsule and lens epithelial cells, a crucial cell monolayer for cataract development. METHODS. Bilateral cataract patients were scheduled for cataract surgery with a caffeine abstinence of 1 week before surgery of each eye. At the day of surgery of the second eye patients were administered no drink (0-mg group) or coffee with 60-, 120-, or 180-mg caffeine. After capsulorhexis the lens capsule including lens epithelial cells was transferred to a test tube for analysis of caffeine concentration by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). RESULTS. Coffee consumption significantly (P < 0.05) increased caffeine levels of the lens capsule/epithelium in the 60-, 120-, and 180-mg group. Caffeine concentrations (caffeine ng/ lens capsule/epithelium) measured as difference between 1st and 2nd eye were À0.52 6 1.16 (0-mg group, n ¼ 7), 1.88 6 2.02 (60-mg group, n ¼ 8), 2.09 6 0.67 (120-mg group, n ¼ 9), and 3.68 6 1.86 (180-mg group, n ¼ 9). The increase constant of caffeine in a linear regression model was estimated as a 95% CI 0.02 6 0.0046 (degrees of freedom; 25; r ¼ 0.85). CONCLUSIONS. Peroral intake of coffee significantly increased caffeine concentrations in the lens capsule and lens epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. This information is important for further investigations on preventing cataract.