The Protective effect of kolaviron on renal function of female wistar rats treated with clomiphene citrate (original) (raw)

This research work accessed the effects of kolaviron (a methanolic extract of Garcinia kola seeds) on microanatomy of kidneys and biochemical parameters with a view to determining its relationship to renal functions treated with clomiphene citrate. A total of thirty adult female Wistar rats were used for this experiment. The animals were randomly divided into six (6) groups: A, B, C, D, E and F with five (5) animals in each group. Group A, were the control group that were given distilled water orally once daily for 14 days; Group B were given kolaviron orally at concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight once daily for 14 days; Group C were given kolaviron orally at concentration of 100 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days; Group D were given clomiphene citrate orally at concentration of 0.50 mg/kg body weight for 5 days; Group E were given kolaviron orally at concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight once daily for 14 days after which clomiphene citrate were administered at concentration of 0.50 mg/kg body weight for 5 days; Group F were given kolaviron orally at concentration of 100 mg/kg body weight twice daily for 14 days after which clomiphene citrate were administered at concentration of 0.50 mg/kg body weight for 5 days. Five milliliters (5 ml) of blood were collected by occular puncture with the aid of capillary tubes from the animals for biochemical analysis. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were anaesthesized by chloroform inhalation. The kidneys were removed and fixed in 10% formol saline for Haematoxylin and Eosin staining. The results showed that Relative kidney weight (f=1.595, df=5, P<0.05) was not increased significantly across the groups. Potassium (f=0.754, df=5), chloride (f=0.529, df=5), interstitial calcium (f=0.835, df=5), total calcium (f=0.840, df=5), silver ions (f=0.517, df=5), and pH (f=0.785, df=5) were not reduced significantly (p< 0.05) when group A was compared with all the groups but sodium ions reduced significantly (f=1.572, df=5, P<0.05) and carbon dioxide increased significantly (f=19.426, df=5, P<0.05). urea was not reduced significantly (f=0.266, df=5 , P<0.05), creatinine increased significantly (f=2.698, df=5, P<0.05). The histoarchitechture of the kidneys in groups A, B and C had normal renal tubules and bowman's capsules; group D were distorted; while groups E and F had evidence of recovery from distortion. It was concluded that clomiphene citrate have adverse effects on the renal functions in female wistar rats while kolaviron ingestion have protective effects.