Disseminated Kaposi sarcoma presenting in unusual locations: A case report (original) (raw)
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HIVNegative Disseminated Cutaneous Kaposi’s Sarcoma: Three Case Reports
Dermatology Case Reports
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a malignant disease that originates from the vascular endothelium and has a very variable clinical course. Classic KS is usually limited the lower extremities and runs a relatively benign, indolent course for 10 to 15 years or more, with slow enlargement of the original tumors and the gradual development of additional lesion; whereas immunodeficiency-related diseases frequently disseminate and involve several organs. Here, we presented three HIV-negative disseminated cutaneous KS cases with different clinical presentations and coexistent diseases.
Kaposi′s sarcoma as a presenting manifestation of HIV
Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS, 2011
Kaposi's sarcoma is a multi-focal vascular tumor involving skin and the other organs. HIV associated Kaposi's sarcoma is one of the AIDS defining condition. It is rarely reported from India. We report a 40-year-old heterosexual married male with widespread cutaneous lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma without any oral lesions or systemic association as a presenting manifestation of HIV.
AIDS-related disseminated Kaposi Sarcoma: a case report
Proceedings of Scientific Research Universidad Anáhuac. Multidisciplinary Journal of Healthcare
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is the most common malignant tumor in HIV-infected individuals. Although its most common form consists of skin and mucosal lesions, it can also present itself in a disseminated way affecting the gastrointestinal tract, lungs and eye structures. We present the case of a 27-year-old male patient with HIV infection and disseminated Kaposi sarcoma. Disseminated KS is an uncommon form of the disease. Therefore, it is important to take this into account, particularly in HIV-infected individuals with characteristic cutaneous lesions.
Kaposi Sarcoma in HIV Infected Patients
Acta Medica Marisiensis, 2016
The aim of the study was to describe clinical and laboratory characteristics in HIV-infected patients with Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Methods: We retrospectively studied data on HIV-infected patients hospitalized in one tertiary care hospital in Bucharest, Romania, in whom Kaposi Sarcoma was diagnosed, between January 2008 and November 2013. Results: We identified 27 HIV-infected patients diagnosed with KS within 6 years. They had a median age of 42 years old and a median CD4 cell count of 101 cells per mm 3 at the time of KS diagnosis. All patients received antiretroviral therapy (ART), with 18 patients (66%) already on ART at the time of KS diagnosis. Most patients (59%) were classified as ACTG poor-risk and 56% as Mitsuyasu stage I. The overall prognosis was poor, with 41% mortality, in a median time span of 6 months, significantly correlated with gastrointestinal involvement (p=0.019), poor-risk KS in ACTG classification (p<0.001) and stage IV Mitsuyasu (p=0.006). Conclusion: KS remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV infection, especially in late presenters.
Solitary Kaposi's sarcoma in retromolar region of an HIV positive patient: case report
Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial, 2012
Primeira submissão em 19/04/11 Última submissão em 28/09/11 Aceito para publicação em 19/10/11 Publicado em 20/02/12 Solitary Kaposi's sarcoma in retromolar region of an HIV positive patient: case report Sarcoma de Kaposi em região retromolar de um paciente HIV positivo: relato de caso Maiara de Moraes 1 ; Marcelo Gadelha Vasconcelos 2 ; Rodrigo Gadelha Vasconcelos 3 ; Rafael Cabral 4 ; Igor Lira Gomes 5 ; Lélia Maria Guedes de Queiroz 6 1. Mestra em Patologia Oral; doutoranda do programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Oral da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). 2. Doutor em Patologia Oral pela UFRN. 3. Mestre em Odontologia; doutorando do Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Oral da UFRN. 4. Cirurgião-dentista; especialista em Cirurgia e Traumatologia. 5. Cirurgião-dentista; especialista em Cirurgia e Traumatologia. 6. Doutora; professora da disciplina de Patologia Oral da UFRN. Kaposi's sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of vascular origin. It occurs mainly among immune deficient individuals, thus it is the most common neoplasm among HIV-positive patients. Its pathogenesis is complex and has not been fully clarified. This case arouses particular interest due to its anatomic location in the retromolar region of a 39-year-old male HIV-positive patient, who presented low white blood cell count and was not undergoing antiretroviral therapy. The emergence of this lesion may be associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) discontinuation and leukopenia. Hence, the reestablishment of therapy allows a suitable therapeutic approach and contributes to prognosis and survival rates.
Kaposi Sarcoma as Initial Presentation of HIV Infection
North American journal of medical sciences, 2014
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a vascular tumor that manifests as nodular lesions on the skin and to a lesser extent, the visceral organs, is the most common neoplasm encountered in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. It consists of an angiosarcomatous change of not only the epithelial and mucous membrane-associated connective tissue in various sites, for example, skin, gastrointestinal system, lungs, and so on, but may also involve non-epithelial organs, such as lymph nodes. Surgical excision is the line of management for the tumor. We present one case of a 65-year-old heterosexual Indian male, clinically unsuspected for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who presented with multiple non-blanching, bluish-red nodules on all extremities, chest, back and bilateral submandibular and cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed from subcutaneous nodule and lymph node. Smears showed hypercellular plump spindle cell groups in a hemorr...
The American journal of case reports, 2018
BACKGROUND Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a common condition in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In these patients, the occurrence of KS is reduced by treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Fatal and disseminated KS is presented in two patients with HIV/AIDS. CASE REPORT A 25-year-old man and a 30-year-old man with HIV/AIDS presented with KS affecting the skin, oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, liver, lungs, kidneys, adrenal glands, and bone. Both patients had a rapidly deteriorating clinical course associated with a low CD4 count and developed respiratory failure and death. CONCLUSIONS Fatal disseminated KS is associated with severe immunosuppression due to with a low CD4 count. The presentation of these two cases highlights the potentially aggressive clinical course of KS in patients with HIV/AIDS and reinforces the need for early diagnosis and rapid treatment with HAART.
Kaposi’s sarcoma in persons living with HIV/AIDS: a case series in a tertiary referral hospital
Abstract: Background: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a rare neoplasm with indolent progression. Since 1981, the Kaposi’s sarcoma epidemic has increased as co-infection with HIV. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the clinical and demographic characteristics and therapeutic approaches in HIV/AIDS patients in a regional referral hospital. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 51 patients with histopathological diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma hospitalized at Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB) from 2004 to 2015. Results: The study sample consisted of individuals 15 to 44 years of age (80.4%), male (80.4%), single (86.3%), and residing in Greater Metropolitan Belém, Pará State, Brazil. The primary skin lesions identified at diagnosis were violaceous macules (45%) and violaceous papules (25%). Visceral involvement was seen in 62.7%, mainly affecting the stomach (75%). The most frequent treatment regimen was 2 NRTI + NNRTI, and 60.8% were referred to chemotherapy. Study limitations: We assumed that more patients had been admitted to hospital without histopathological confirmation or with pathology reports from other services, so that the current study probably underestimated the number of KS cases. Conclusion: Although the cutaneous manifestations in most of these patients were non-exuberant skin lesions like macules and papules, many already showed visceral involvement. Meticulous screening of these patients is thus mandatory, even if the skin lesions are subtle and localized. Keywords: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HIV; Human herpesvirus 8; Kaposi’s sarcoma
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV Positive Patient: Case Report
2020
Histology and pathology principles state that chronic inflammation and or chronic infections are known for causing cell dysplasias that may or may not progress to pre-malignant or actual malignant lesions. Even though Kaposi Sarcoma is not a prevalent issue among the Honduran community, healthcare providers have been struggling throughout the years when dealing with KS treatment and follow-ups due to public health limitations regarding chemotherapy access and actual medical specialists such as clinical oncologist and infectologist available across the north coast of the country. Thus, people must recur to private healthcare, which it is not affordable for the 65% of the entire Honduran population because you can find them below the poverty line, and 46% below the extreme poverty line. Being able to treat and follow a Kaposi patient is considered a high privilege among the Honduran healthcare providers community. The following case report describes the process of detection, course of...
Kaposi Sarcoma with Musculoskeletal Manifestations in a Well-controlled HIV Patient
IDCases, 2019
We present here a case of relapsed HIV-related Kaposi Sarcoma (KS), manifesting as a plantar ulcer with underlying bone involvement in a patient with well-controlled HIV. Radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging of the patient's right foot showed bone destruction suggestive of osteomyelitis. However, when a bone biopsy was done, this was consistent with KS, without any signs of bone infection. Patient was initially diagnosed with KS four years prior. He was successfully treated at the time with doxorubicin, radiation therapy, and began HIV therapy. At the time of the KS recurrence, his HIV viral load was undetectable and his CD4 count was over 900 cells/uL (CD4 percentage of 42%). Musculoskeletal (MSK) involvement in KS is a rare manifestation of this disease. The argest series of skeletal KS in people living with HIV by Papanastasopoulos at el. showed a prevalence of only 1.1%. The radiological features of MSK-KS are generally lytic osseous lesions, but presentations may differ. Bone biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, as many other infectious and neoplastic processes can mimic MSK-KS radiographically. In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV who are diagnosed with MSK-KS appear to have a substantially improved survival rate than previously described.