Effect of plant characteristics of jute varieties on incidence of pests in West Bengal, India (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Agricultural Invention
Field screening of eleven most popular jute varieties belonging to Corchorus olitorius species was done against the major pests in the farm of Jute Research Programm, Itahari, Sunsari, Nepal during 2017 and 2018. Different species of pests belonging to insects, mites and nematodes were found feeding on jute. Among them, jute Semilooper (Anomis sabulifera Guen.), Bihar hairy caterpillar (Spilarctia obliqua Wlk.), yellow mite (Polyphagotarson emuslatus Banks), are causing economic damage to the jute crop. Eleven jute varieties were selected to conduct varietal preference and tested against major pest of jute in field condition. Among the eleven varieties JRO-524 was found to be moderately resistant against the Semilooper (A. sabulifera) and Bihar hairy caterpillar (S. oblique) but least susceptible to yellow mites. Likewise, the variety KEN-DS-058, KEN-DS-066, BJRI-1965 and BJRI-1968 showed highly susceptible to major pest Semilooper (A. sabulifera), Bihar hairy caterpillar (S. obliqu...
A B S T R A C T Field screening of eight most popular jute varieties belonging to both olito‐ rius and capsularis species was done against the major pests in the farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal during 2005 and 2006. Among the varieties, JRO‐524 was found to be moderately resistant to Ano‐ mis sabulifera and susceptible to Spilarctia obliqua and Myllocerus discolor. The variety JRO‐7835 was moderately resistant to S. obliqua, M. discolor and Polyphagotarsonemus latus but susceptible to A. sabulifera. The variety JRO‐ 632 was found to be highly susceptible to M. discolor but moderately sus‐ ceptible to other pests. The variety JRO‐878 showed moderate susceptibility to P. latus, A. sabulifera, S. obliqua and Apion corchori but was highly suscep‐ tible to M. discolor. Among the capsularis varieties, JRC‐7447 and JRC‐321 were susceptible to A. sabulifera but moderately resistant to other major pests. Variety JRC‐212 was most susceptible to A. corchori but moderately resistant to other pests. The variety JRC‐4444 was found moderately resis‐ tant to S. obliqua, A. sabulifera and resistant against M. discolor and P. latus. Further, the fibre production capacity of the varieties under different pest's pressure was found higher in olitorius varieties than capsularis varieties. The relatively higher yield recorded under varying pest levels over two consecu‐ tive seasons is an indicative of greater field tolerance of olitorius jute varieties.
India is one of the world's largest jute producing country. Insect pests are one of the main constrains for underscoring jute production. To ensure and to stabilize production, farmers generally apply huge amount of insecticides of different newer brands. Toxic chemicals not only not only underscore the environmental health but also impart long, persistent and perennial effect on the farmer's health. Further, insect pest population evolved resistance to chemical pesticides due to producing large number of offspring with highest degree of mutation, variation, co-evolution and natural selection. Therefore emphasize on biological control in modern IPM practice to control insect pest population, by their natural enemy, predator and parasitoids is a time-needed programme. In biological control the 'agents' are targets on specific insect pest and control them without affecting other organisms and environment. The current review is an gross view on the processes of effectiv...
2019
Jute is an economically important fibber crop of India which is known for its agriculture based economy. Though India holds first position in raw jute cultivation but never achieved its goal of per capita production to fulfill national and international market demand. Destructive action of Anomis sabulifera is one major cause of jute production loss though farmers are using increasing dose of chemical pesticides. Present study focused on to understand life history of the pest to generate pest calendar which will impart effective control measures against the pest. Investigation showed that life cycle of a. sabulifeara varies from 28-34 days in field while it was quite regular in laboratory conditions. Four generation of the pest was observed during study period with different degree of incidence. 3 generation pest population was noticed as most devastating to host crop with highest infestation (1.65 larvae/leaf). Pest dynamics was significantly influenced by the agro-climatic conditi...
Overview of Insect Pests and Their Impact on Major Cereal Crops of Kashmir
This work incorporates detailed field observations on insect pests associated with major (field) cereal crops of valley of Kashmir. The work has been conducted in different months of 2018-2019. Different Insect pests were observed during the course of work. Some insect pests cause little damage to crops like rice, maize, wheat, mustard etc and these are called minor pests. Some cause severe damage to these crops and are included in major pests. After the completion of survey it was found that most of the insect pests belong to orders Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera. The most predominant insect pests of these crops observed were cutworms (Agrotis spp.), stem borer (Chilo partellus), army worm (Mythima seperata), grasshoppers (Oxya nitidula), green leaf aphid, leaf hopper and rice skipper. The work was carried out in order to have check on most serious insect pests of these crops that are responsible for the decline of productivity and income of the Kashmir. Therefore, the present study was an attempt to observe the potentiality of insect pests such as grasshoppers, stem borers, aphids, cutworms, armyworms, leaf hoppers, caterpillars of the important cash crops viz. rice, maize, wheat and conversely, to have check on their population. Therefore, the present study can form a basis for controlling these pest species in future, when there are likely chances of outbreaks.
Agricultural Science
The jute yellow mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus constitutes one of the major pests of jute crop in Bangladesh. The objective of this work was to investigation on the natural enemies of jute yellow mite. The investigation on the natural enemies of jute yellow mite were studied in the laboratory of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute during March 2011 to September 2013. As many as six predators of jute yellow mite viz, Predatory mite, Thrips, Minute pirate bug, Lady bird beetle, Mirid bug and Spider were collected and identified. The predation rate of the predatory mite Amblyseius sp. showed an average of 8.8 jute yellow mite per hour in laboratory condition. Predatory mite reached the peak on the 20th June. The highest population was 25 predatory mite/25 leaves. The population of predatory mite declined sharply in the 1st week of July. The nymph and adult of Scolothrips consumed an average of 15.4 and 20.10 yellow mite per hour. Scolothrips sp reached its peak population on 30th June a...
2012
Jute is the most important fibre crop next to cotton. Two species of jute viz. Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsulanis are cultivated widely in one million hectares of land in India. The crop mainly grown in Eastern India during the summer season. Both the species are attacked by number of insect and mite pests throughout their growing season. Among the pest complex of jute, yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks. (P. latus) [1]. is considered as one of the major pest of the crop Though a good number of varieties under both the species are developed but very few are gaining popularity among the farmers. The cultivated varieties are not equally attacked by various pests. The inherent varietal characteristics renders resistance/tolerant or susceptibility against a particular pest. Several works have been conducted to evaluate jute germplasms against some major pests. However, in the changing scenario of pests management programme, there is need to evaluate the resistant/tol...
Studies on the Seasonal Occurrence of Insect Pests of Jasmine, Jasminum sambac Linn
ISTPM, 2020
Jasmine is one of the important ornamental flower crop widely cultivated and venerate for its attractive fragrant flowers, belonging to the family Oleaceae. Jasmine plant and flower are affected by various insects, mites, diseases and nematodes which pose serious threat to jasmine cultivation. A study was taken up on seasonal pattern and occurrence of insect pests of jasmine in farmer's field at Tiruchirappalli district Tamil Nadu during 2019-2020. During the study around 30 insect species was recorded form the jasmine ecosystem both pest as well as natural enemies. Among them, Budworm, Hendicasis duplifascialis (Hampson), Blossom midge, Contarinia maculipennis (felt), Leaf webworm, Nausinoe geometralis (Guenee) and Red spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) were found to cause major damage to the jasmine buds and leaves. Out of these insects midge was recorded with maximum incidence during second fortnight of August (34.05 % Infested buds) followed by November second and November first fortnights. Occurrence of Midge are positively correlated with maximum temperature (r = 0.159), minimum temperature (r = 0.505), morning RH (r = 0.006), evening RH (r = 0.142), evaporation (r = 0.143) and rainfall (r = 0.203). Whereas, the population was negatively correlated with wind velocity (r =-0.074) and sunshine hours (r =-0.017). The multiple linear regression equation fitted with weather parameter was Y=-411+4.02MT+3.58mt+1.73RH 1 + 1.05RH 2-5.28 WV-0.81 SS hrs+ 7.77Evapo-0.97 RF. Maximum incidence of budworm was recorded during first fortnight of November (16.26 % Infested buds) followed by October first and August first fortnights. Maximum incidence of leaf webworm was recorded during second fortnight of December (2.2 webs / plant) followed by January first and December first fortnights. The mite population was seen during October first (5.33 mites/leaf) and August second fortnights.