Recent trends in biocatalysis engineering (original) (raw)
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An Apodictic Review on Recent Approaches in Enzyme Technology
Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 2021
Enzymes are the most powerful biochemical moieties, predominantly the working tools in all living systems. Many studies have revealed the usage of various enzymes even in the pre-historical periods. Enzymes are known to be the extremely active biocatalyst that is widely involved in many metabolisms. Living systems explore these biomolecules for their metabolism and are exhaustively explored for various industrial and clinical applications. Due to the increasing need for enzyme-based products, various recent research focuses on exploring distinct enzymes & enzyme sources with relatively enhanced characteristics. The elegant motive of this review is to enable the readers and enzyme researchers to compend the basics of enzymes, explore the enormous recent clinical & industrial applications of enzymes like amylase, cellulase, protease, lipase, and esterase. And also, the review highly emphasizes the various enzyme source and their enriched properties like enzyme activity, annotated by recent research works carried out by various research teams across the globe. The review also accentuates the recent advancements in production technologies and high throughput activity prediction assays for the above-mentioned industrially important enzymes.
Advances in Enzyme Development and Applied Industrial Biocatalysis
ACS Symposium Series, 2001
Biocatalysts play important roles in various biotechnology products and processes in the food and beverage industries and have already been recognized as valuable catalysts for various organic transformations and production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. At present, the most commonly used biocatalysts in biotechnology are hydrolytic enzymes which catalyze the breakdown of larger biopolymers into smaller units. Enzymes catalyze reactions in a selective manner, not only regio-but also stereoselectively and have been used both for asymmetric synthesis and racemic resolutions. The chiral selectivity of enzymes has been employed to prepare enantiomerically pure pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and food additives. Biocatalytic methods have already replaced some conventional chemical processes. Biocatalytic routes, in combination with chemical synthesis, are finding increased use in the synthesis of novel polymeric materials. The present global market for enzymes is estimated to be more than US $1.5 billion. The discovery of new and improved enzymes and their use in various processes and products will create new market opportunities for biocatalysts and helps solve environmental problems. Applied biocatalysis can be defined as the application of biocatalysts to achieve a desired conversion under controlled conditions in a bioreactor (/). A biocatalyst can be an enzyme, an enzyme complex, a cell organelle or whole cells. The source of biocatalyst can be of microbial, plant or animal origin. Catalysis by an enzyme offers 2
Industrial enzyme applications
Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2002
The effective catalytic properties of enzymes have already promoted their introduction into several industrial products and processes. Recent developments in biotechnology, particularly in areas such as protein engineering and directed evolution, have provided important tools for the efficient development of new enzymes. This has resulted in the development of enzymes with improved properties for established technical applications and in the
Up-To-Date Insight on Industrial Enzymes Applications and Global Market
Journal of Bioprocessing & Biotechniques, 2012
Industrial and household catalysis becomes more and more dependent on enzymes. This is not surprising since enzymes are able to catalyze all kinds of chemical reactions. Enzymes with the desired activity under industrial conditions can be obtained by optimizing process conditions and by protein engineering. The use of enzymes frequently results in many benefits that cannot be obtained with traditional chemical treatment. These often include higher product quality and lower manufacturing cost, less waste and reduced energy consumption. Key factors driving the market growth include new enzyme technologies endeavoring to enhance cost efficiencies and productivity, and growing interest among consumers in substituting petrochemical products with other organic compounds such as enzymes. Other factor propelling market growth includes surging demand from textile manufacturers, animal feed producers, detergent manufacturers, pharmaceutical companies, bioethanol producers and cosmetics vendors. The present paper aims to provide a review on industrial enzymes, highlighting on recent scientific advances, current applications in diverse industrial sectors and global market.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2013
Enzymes found in nature have been exploited in industry due to their inherent catalytic properties in complex chemical processes under mild experimental and environmental conditions. The desired industrial goal is often difficult to achieve using the native form of the enzyme. Recent developments in protein engineering have revolutionized the development of commercially available enzymes into better industrial catalysts. Protein engineering aims at modifying the sequence of a protein, and hence its structure, to create enzymes with improved functional properties such as stability, specific activity, inhibition by reaction products, and selectivity towards non-natural substrates. Soluble enzymes are often immobilized onto solid insoluble supports to be reused in continuous processes and to facilitate the economical recovery of the enzyme after the reaction without any significant loss to its biochemical properties. Immobilization confers considerable stability towards temperature variations and organic solvents. Multipoint and multisubunit covalent attachments of enzymes on appropriately functionalized supports via linkers provide rigidity to the immobilized enzyme structure, ultimately resulting in improved enzyme stability. Protein engineering and immobilization techniques are sequential and compatible approaches for the improvement of enzyme properties. The present review highlights and summarizes various studies that have aimed to improve the biochemical properties of industrially significant enzymes.
Strategies for Improving Enzymes for Efficient Biocatalysis
2004
Biocatalytic processes are finding increasingly widespread application not only in academia, but also in industry. This is particularly true in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries where the need for optically pure molecules is critical. Biocatalysis is also receiving a major thrust from the generation of new and novel biocatalysts via microbial screening, developments in the biocatalytic processes themselves (e.g. use of nonaqueous solvents for synthetic purposes) and improvements in the activation of the enzymes by numerous mechanisms (solvent and enzyme modifications), including protein engineering. The most dramatic results have been achieved by targeting the gene encoding a particular enzyme in order to undertake protein engineering by rational and non-rational methods. This review discusses various means of improving enzyme properties or creating new activities.
Engineering enzymes for improved performance in industrial applications
Journal of Biotechnology, 1993
Four enzymes of industrial importance have been engineered for improved properties in commercial applications. Two different subtilisins have been engineered to give greater cleaning efficiency in detergent applications. A lipase from Pseudomonas has been altered in order to allow it to catalyze the synthesis of peracid bleaches. The/3-galactosidase from Lactobacillus has been engineered to lose activity at 4°C in order to increase the storage shelf life of yogurt. These examples indicate that protein engineering is being successfully applied to a number of industrial applications.
Enzymes for industrial applications
OCL, 2017
Protéus is a biotechnology company specializing in the discovery, engineering and production of enzymes for industrial applications, as well as in the development of innovative bioprocesses involving these enzymes. Protéus is a subsidiary of the PCAS Group, actor in fine chemicals and specialty products and producer of high-value complex molecules. Enzymes allow considering unique functionalizations that are difficult to achieve by conventional chemical means. Examples involving the screening of our ready to use toolbox of lipases, the engineering of the well-known lipase CalB and the specific modifications of lipids will be presented.
Molecular biology interventions for activity improvement and production of industrial enzymes
Bioresource Technology, 2020
Metagenomics and directed evolution technology have brought a revolution in search of novel enzymes from extreme environment and improvement of existing enzymes and tuning them towards certain desired properties. Using advanced tools of molecular biology i.e. next generation sequencing, site directed mutagenesis, fusion protein, surface display etc. now researchers can engineer enzymes for improved activity, stability, and substrate specificity to meet the industrial demand. Although many enzymatic processes have been developed up to industrial scale, still there is need to overcome limitations of maintaining activity during catalytic process. In this article recent developments in enzymes industrial applications and advancements in metabolic engineering approaches to improve enzymes efficacy and production are reviewed.