Colour Yield in Two Phase Wet Fixation Dyeing of Cotton Cloth with Reactive Dyes as a Function of Time, Temperature and Alkali Concentration (original) (raw)
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Iranian Polymer Journal, 2006
M athematical Modelling can lead to a better understanding of the role of variables in real dyeing process. The aim of this study was to model colour yield in dyeing cotton cloth with selected reactive dyes via two phase pad-steam fixation method, as a function of steam temperature, steaming time and alkali concentration. Factorial design was employed and at first, polynomial regression models were produced for the selected monochlorotriazine, dichlorotriazine, trichloropyrimidine and vinylsulphone reactive dyes. As these models did not meet the necessary requirements, orthogonal polynomial regression was employed. This led to the acceptable models except in one case. The models for the selected dyes in each group of monochlorotriazine, dichlorotriazine, trichloropyrimidine showed similarity but not for vinylsulphone dyes. Response surfaces of the models can be used to find the optimum conditions that maximize the colour yield of each dye.
Characterization of dyeing performance for finished cotton fabrics using different dyes
The present investigation aims to study and characterize the dyeing performance of cotton fabrics finished with finishing bath formulation containing emulsion lattices based on acrylate monomers, chitosan and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with improvement of dyeing properties with acid and reactive dyes. The finished cotton samples are examined and evaluated through measuring nitrogen content and the Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Evidences of finishing were obtained by IR from the appearance of CO bands absorbance and the reducing of relative intensity of OH, with respect to cotton. The dyeing performance of the finished cotton fabrics including testing of ; dye-ability(k/s), percentage dye fixation, colour parameters(L*,a*,b* and colour difference(E) and estimated light fastness grades with respect to the different used chitosan concentration in the finishing bath formulation. The work involved also studying the effect of different dyeing times on all of the last stated parameters. The obtained results showed that dye-uptake increased by increasing chitosan concentration in the finishing bath , the applied reactive dye showed the highest percentage increase in both dye-ability and percentage dye fixation .In addition the estimated light fastness reating values of all of the examined fabrics where these rating grade values increased by increasing both chitosan concentration in the finishing agent and dyeing time .In addition , the applied acid dye recorded the highest light fastness values reaching (4- 5) for (3.0g/l) chitosan after one hour dyeing compared to a rating value of (3)for blank fabrics assessed on standard gray scale.
Study of some important properties of Reactive Dyeing on 100% cotton fabric
Some important properties of reactive dyeing such as rate of exhaustion, rate of fixation, migration, levelness, and wash fastness to color are responsible to provide fault free and right first time dyeing in production. In this experiment, these important properties were studied on 100% cotton knitted fabric with five reactive dyes by exhaust method. Rate of exhaustion was evaluated by measuring optical density following Lambert-Beer's laws and rate of fixation, migration rating were evaluated by measuring K/S values following Kubelka-Munk equation and levelness and wash fastness to color were evaluated by measuring DE CMC values and color staining to multifibre were established by Spectrophotometer (Data color, 650 TM).In this study it was found that all dyed fabrics showed medium to high exhaustion-fixation, good migration, level dyeing, good wash fastness to color. This study showed that these dyes were adequate to provide fault free and right first time dyeing in production and could reduce effluent cost.
Dyeing of cotton fabrics with reactive dyes and their physico-chemical properties
Indian Journal of …, 2008
The effect of dye concentration, electrolyte concentration, dyeing time and dyeing temperature on dyeing performance of cotton fabric dyed with reactive dyes, viz. Reactive Red 6B and Reactive Yellow RL, has been studied. The dye absorption increases with the increase in electrolyte concentration, dyeing time and dyeing temperature but decreases with the increase in dye concentration. Considering the effects of various external influences on the dyed cotton fabric, it has been observed that the Reactive Yellow RL imparts better physico-chemical properties than Reactive Red 6B in most cases.
Scientific Reports
The conventional dyeing process requires a substantial amount of auxiliaries and water, which leaches hazardous colored effluents to the environment. Herein, a newly developed sustainable spray dyeing system has been proposed for cotton fabric in the presence of reactive dyes, which has the potential to minimize the textile dyeing industries environmental impact in terms of water consumption and save significant energy. The results suggest that fresh dye solution can be mixed with an alkali solution before spray dyeing to avoid the reactive dye hydrolysis phenomenon. After that, drying at 60–100 °C, wet fixation treating for 1–6 min, and combined treatments (wet fixation + drying) were sequentially investigated and then dye fixation percentages were around 63–65%, 52–70%, and above 80%, respectively. Following this, fixation conditions were optimized using L16 orthogonal designs, including wet fixation time, temperature, dye concentration, and pH with four levels where the “larger-t...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
The conventional dyeing process requires a substantial amount of auxiliaries and water, which leaches hazardous colored effluents to the environment. Herein, a newly developed sustainable spray dyeing system has been proposed for cotton fabric in the presence of reactive dyes, which has the potential to minimize the textile dyeing industries environmental impact in terms of water consumption and save significant energy. The results suggest that fresh dye solution can be mixed with an alkali solution before spray dyeing to avoid the reactive dye hydrolysis phenomenon. After that, color spray on the cotton knitted fabric by cold pad batch method. To find out the K/S value based on single factor analysis and L9 design analysis.
Dyeing of cotton using reactive dyes without Salt
In this study 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was used as a cationic agent to cationize cotton fabric by a pad-batch process. The cationized cotton samples were dyed with different reactive dyes containing various reactive groups. The dyeability of the cationized cotton samples with reactive dyes without salt was significantly improved due to an increase in the ionic attraction between the dye and cationized cotton. The results showed that the wash and dry rubbing fastness of the cationized cotton dyed with different reactive dyes are similar to those of the untreated cotton. However, the light fastness of some of the cationized fabric samples was improved.
The Effect of Temperature Variation on Dyeing Tie-Dye Cotton Fabrics Dyed with Reactive Dye
Journal of Textile Science and Technology, 2018
The improvement of colorfastness properties of tie dyed cotton knit fabrics with reactive dye has been studied. Pretreated cotton knit fabric is use to dyeing for easy absorption and retention of dye. Color fastness properties of any dyed fabric are very important aspects as the end use of fabric depends on these properties. This study is to evaluate the color fastness to washing and perspiration using the method ISO 105-2CS:2002 and ISO105-E04. The fabric is dyed with reactive dye in same concentration but in two different temperature (30˚C and 60˚C) and with different amount of sodium carbonate (15 g/l, 18 g/l and 20 g/l) respectively. It is observed that the increasing temperature and using related amount of sodium carbonate the fabric absorbs more dye. In 30˚C temperature the result of washing fastness is fairly good to very good where in 60˚C the result is very good to excellent. Perspiration fastness result is fairly good to very good both in 30˚C and 60˚C temperature. The result shows very good of all washing and perspiration fastness in 20 g/l sodium carbonate. The result is concluded that the color fastness of tie-dyed samples is improved by the increasing of temperature and higher amount of sodium carbonate.
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2014
Dye-house water quality is the most important parameter to be confirmed before dyeing; precisely the presence of metal content i.e. Hardness. This research will investigate & analyses the impact of separate hardness (i.e. Calcium, Magnesium & Iron) on particular „Turquoise‟ (C.I. Reactive Blue 21) & a „High Exhaustion‟ class (C.I. HE Red 120, C.I. HE Yellow 84) of Reactive dye on cotton knitted-fabric. From evaluation of dyed fabric the range of metal content is sorted out where the quality starts to fluctuate as distinctive visible & spectral change of shade & fixation rate of the dye molecules has been found. The result of the work will help for further projection about water quality degradation in upcoming years & its effect on dyeing behavior, also the sustainability of present dyeing process to cope with the ever degrading quality of water.
Effect of Alkali Concentration on Dyeing Cotton Knitted Fabrics with Reactive Dyes
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
The effect of alkali concentrations has been studied on the color strength (K/S) and color fastness properties of single jersey cotton knitted fabrics dyed with 1% Novacron Red S-B reactive dye. Same bath scouring and bleaching are performed and conventional exhaust dyeing method employed by IR laboratory sample dyeing machine. Various alkali concentrations such as 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 g/L are employed and other parameters are kept fixed. The color strength (K/S) and color fastness to wash and rubbing are examined and evaluated. It is revealed that with the increase in alkali concentration from 6 g/L to 8 g/L the value of K/S increases and then up to 10 g/L the value decreases. The overall color fastness properties to washing and rubbing for the dyed samples range from good to excellent.