A thermal conductivity model for nanofluids including effect of the temperature-dependent interfacial layer (original) (raw)

The interfacial layer of nanoparticles significantly influences the thermal conductivity of nanofluids, yet existing models often overlook the combined effects of temperature and nanoparticle size variations on this layer. This work modifies the stationary model by Leong et al. to incorporate thermal dispersion caused by Brownian motion, resulting in a dynamic model. However, this dynamic model tends to overestimate the thermal conductivity in flowing fluids. Hence, a further modification accounts for the temperature-dependent interfacial layer effects, successfully predicting thermal conductivity across varying temperatures and nanoparticle sizes in both flowing and non-flowing conditions. The proposed model demonstrates superior accuracy and general applicability compared to existing models in turbulent convective heat transfer scenarios.