The Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta) of streams of Southern England (original) (raw)
Related papers
A guide to European terrestrial and freshwater species of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta)
A guide to European terrestrial and freshwater enchytraeid species is presented, designed for the identification of living specimens. Altogether 206 species are included. Recent taxonomic advances regarding new species, revisions, and improved standards of description are integrated. Marine and exotic species are excluded. The illustrated keys are preceded by introductions into the taxonomic traits, the general anatomy of enchytraeids, and the technique of handling living worms during the identification process. Due to persistent taxonomic problems in many groups, a 'sensu lato' approach is adopted in the circumscription of several common species. Bryodrilus ehlersi glandulosus Dózsa-Farkas, 1990 and Enchytraeus christenseni bisetosus Rota & Healy, 1994 are elevated to species rank; the latter receives a new name, Enchytraeus dichaetus, due to homonymy with Enchytraeus bisetosus Levinsen, 1884, now Fridericia bisetosa. Marionina libra Nielsen & Christensen, 1959 is transferr...
Preliminary study of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta) in the Tunca River (Thrace, Turkey)
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology. Ecology
Part of the Tunca River (Tundja) is located in the European part of Turkey, Thrace region. Samples were collected monthly between June 2002 and May 2003 taking duplicates from four stations by using Ekman grab (surface 225 cm 2). During the present study 132 specimens were collected from the Tunca River. As a result of the study, a total of 8 species of Enchytraeida, comprising 1 species from the family Propappidae (Propappus volki) and 7 species from the family Enchytraeidae (Henlea perpusilla, Enchytraeus buchholzi, Cognettia glandulosa, C. sphagnetorum, Cognettia sp., Fridericia sp., and Lumbricillus sp.), were identified. All species in this study are new records for the Turkish segment of the Tunca River.
New enchytraeid species (Oligochaeta: Enchytraeidae) from the Danube–Dráva National Park
Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 2015
The enchytraeid fauna of the Dráva Floodplain (Bükkhát Forest Reserve, alder swamp and meadows at Kisszentmárton, and Barcs Nature Conservation Area belonging to the Danube-Dráva National Park, Hungary) was investigated for the first time. A total of 14 enchytraeid genera, including 49 species and two other annelid worms (Hrabeiella periglandulata and Rhyacodrilus falciformis) were identified. Four species: Fridericia connatiformis sp. n., F. phaeostriata sp. n., F. longiducta sp. n. and Cernosvitoviella buekkhati sp. n. are new to science and described in this paper.
Estonian Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta) 2. Results of a faunistic workshop held in May 2004
2005
This paper contains the results of a taxonomic workshop held at the Võrtsjärv Limnological Station on 15-22 May 2004, following the 6th International Symposium on Enchytraeidae. A total of 58 samples were taken from a wide diversity of habitat types; 44 enchytraeid taxa were distinguished, * Corresponding author, ttimm@zbi.ee 256 40 of them were identified to species level. Twelve nominal species are new for Estonia. Of these two species, one each of Achaeta and Fridericia, are new to science; they are described separately in this volume. Further species new to Estonia are: Bryodrilus ehlersi, Buchholzia fallax, Fridericia argillae, F. benti, F. christeri, F. maculatiformis, F. minor, F. rendsinata, F. waldenstroemi, and Mesenchytraeus flavus. The taxonomic status of Timmodrilus oligoseta and Achaeta petseri, species newly described for Estonia in previous papers, is uncertain, they are possibly junior synonyms. One tubificid species was found, Rhyacodrilus falciformis, this being the first record of the species from soil in Estonia. Together with previous publications, there are now 46 enchytraeid species recorded from Estonia.
The biology of Oligochaeta from Dorset chalk streams
Freshwater Biology, 1971
Fewer species and more individuals of Tubificidae were present in the soft sediments of a polluted ditch than in the relatively unpolluted Bere Stream. Changes in width frequency of natural populations of Tubifex tubifex and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri throughout the year were similar at both the sites investigated. In laboratory experiments larger populations of Tubifex tubifex developed in fine sediments than coarse. By means of a width-<lry-weight relationship it was possible to estimate the weight of the experimental populations.
Two new freshwater enchytraeid species (Oligochaeta) from the Italian Alps
Italian Journal of Zoology, 2010
Two new species found in high mountain waters of Italy representing the family Enchytraeidae are described. Cernosvitoviella longiducta n. sp. is clearly differentiated from all species in this genus by its exceptionally long sperm duct. Cognettia valeriae n. sp. belongs to a group of species having more than three pairs of pharyngeal glands and male pores situated in segment X, but differs from other species in this group by the shape of spermathecae and the well-developed seminal vesicles.
Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology, 2004
However, these works concerned almost exclusively soil inhabitants. Enchytraeids from freshwater environment, especially from running waters, were rarely studied (Kasprzak 1976, Dumnicka & Boggero in press), though they are common and sometimes abundant in Alpine streams (Malard et al. 2001, Maiolini & Lencioni 2001). During the realization of the HIGHEST program (Health and Integrity of Glacial Headwater EcoSystems in Trentino), a detailed ecological study of alpine headwater streams, benthic macroinvertebrate samples were collected in glacial and non-glacial streams between 1985 and 2600 m a.s.l., within the two river catchments : Noce Bianco (NB) and Careser (CR), situated in Stelvio National Park, Trentino. A new species of Cernosvitoviella N. & C. 1959 was found and is described in this paper. Description of the species Holotype: whole mounted specimen in Canada balsam.
Hydrobiologia, 2004
Data from 24 water management districts and the rivers Rhine and Meuse in the Netherlands were used to study geographical distribution, relative occurrence, and environmental requirements of 76 aquatic oligochaetes (families Tubificidae, Naididae, and Lumbriculidae) (Annelida, Clitellata). Approximately 50% of the 76 species that occur in the Netherlands are uncommon, rare, or very rare. The other half of the species are common, very common or abundant. The abundant species are: Stylaria lacustris, Ophidonais serpentina, Limnodrilus claparedeianus, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, and Lumbriculus variegatus. With the exception of several brackish water species (those restricted in distribution to water management districts close to the sea that are influenced by salt water influx) and specific running water species (restricted mainly to the eastern part of the Netherlands), most of the species occurred throughout the whole Netherlands. The species distribution was related to environmental variables using ordination. In general, species distribution was correlated with either large waters with high chloride and phosphorus concentrations and a high hydrogen ion concentration (as pH), or with small forested (running) waters in more natural (undeveloped) areas that occasionally become intermittent. Vegetation cover was positively correlated with several swimming species in the family Naididae. While the distribution of aquatic oligochaetes in some families occurring in the Netherlands is known to some extent, the occurrence and distribution of rare and small taxa, particularly those that are difficult to identify taxonomically, is virtually unknown. Some of the rare oligochaete taxa, especially those associated with unique habitats, have received only cursory attention. Also in the data studied, the observations of the more rare species were too few to draw conclusions. To improve our knowledge of oligochaete distribution in the Netherlands, additional research should focus on rare species associated with special habitats and water types (natural areas) and those taxa in poorly known families. The standardisation of sampling and processing methodologies, particularly the use of nets and sieves with fine-meshed screening, will ensure the collection of the smaller species of oligochaetes. Subsequently, oligochaetes should be identified to species level by experienced taxonomists trained in oligochaete identification. Finally, many aquatic oligochaete species are identifiable only when sexually mature and therefore the time of year in which samples are collected is critical to the accurate representation of true oligochaete diversity at any given site. For analysing the relation between species and environmental variables the best option is to use composite data from spring and autumn.
Springer eBooks, 2001
In most soft-bottomed, lowland streams in the Netherlands discharge regimes largely follow the precipitation pattern. Winter discharges are higher and much more dynamic then summer discharges, although rain storms throughout the year cause unexpected peak flows. Minimal precipitation, reduced stream flow and droughts can occur during the summer months. Lowland stream habitat, particularly in The Netherlands, is hydrologically dynamic, with substrates frequently moved or disturbed. Differences in discharge patterns in Dutch soft-bottomed lowland streams are expected to affect distribution patterns of macroinvertebrates and thus oligochaetes. Ten small to medium sized lowland streams, differing from one another in hydrological regime, were studied. Five major habitats in each stream were assessed on three occasions over a 15-month period. Each habitat sampled with a micro-macrofauna shovel; during each sampling period, several environmental parameters, especially hydrological and substrate parameters, were measured. Ordination (CANOCO) (Ter Braak, 1989) and statistical tests (chisquared test) (Lindgren & McElrath, 1970) were used to determine the major oligochaete distribution patterns between streams as well as between habitats within each stream. Each stream was characterized by its oligochaete assemblage; general distribution patterns and individual oligochaete-substratum relationships were documented. Hydro-morphological parameters together explained the differences in major distribution patterns. Preferences of oligochaetes for specific structural habitats are discussed.
The effect of drought on Oligochaeta communities in small woodland streams
Oligochaeta communities were studied in four streams inflowing Lękuk Wielki lake and from the outflow of this lake (NE Poland) during 1997-1999. Twenty five taxa of oligochaetes were identified, representing aquatic (Tubificidae, Lumbriculidae), semi-aquatic (some Enchytraeidae and Lumbricidae) and soil (Lumbricidae, some Enchytraeidae) families. The occurrence of Naididae was limited to the outflow of the lake. After a drought period the densities of oligochaetes were the highest, diminishing during the permanent flow period. The composition of the oligochaete fauna in the studied small, drying streams depends on fauna composition in the lake and surrounding soil as well as the inflow from shallow subterranean waters, therefore species with different ecological requirements appear simultaneously.