A Large Cross-Sectional Survey Study of the Prevalence of Alopecia Areata in the United States (original) (raw)
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Background: Alopecia areata is a common, clinically heterogeneous, autoimmune and non-scarring hair loss disorder. This disease is not contagious and most often occurs in otherwise healthy people and it affects all age groups, though it is more common in children and adolescent. Some studies were done in this area in families with two or more affected members and reported a strong evidence of genetic association with increased risk for alopecia areata. Objectives: This study aimed to review the prevalence and risk factors of alopecia areata among the general population in previously conducted studies covering these points. Methods: PubMed database and EBSCO Information Services were used for articles Screening. All related papers with the subjects to study regarding prevalence and risk factors of alopecia areata, and other articles have been used. We excluded additional papers that are not relevant to this topic. The data was collected as per the particular manner in which the group members would study it. Conclusion: AA is the most prevalent autoimmune disorder and the second most prevalent hair loss disorder after androgenetic alopecia, and the lifetime risk in the global population is approximately 2%. Genetic factor is strong in AA, but environmental factors such as infection and psychological stress may still play an important role. AA is associated with psychiatric and medical comorbidities including depression, anxiety, and several autoimmune disorders, and an increased global burden of disease.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2011
Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is considered an autoimmune disease with undetermined pathogenesis. Age at onset predicts distinct outcomes. A nationwide study of the relationship of AA with associated diseases stratified by onset age has rarely been reported. Objective: We sought to clarify the role of atopic and autoimmune diseases in AA, thereby better understanding its pathogenesis. Methods: A total of 4334 patients with AA were identified from the National Health Insurance Database in Taiwan from 1996 to 2008. A national representative cohort of 784,158 persons served as control subjects. Results: Among patients with AA, there were significant associations with vitiligo, lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, autoimmune thyroid disease, and allergic rhinitis. Different ages at onset resulted in disparate comorbidities. Increased risk of atopic dermatitis (odds ratio [OR] 3.82, 95% confidence interval 2.67-5.45) and lupus erythematosus (OR 9.76, 95% confidence interval 3.05-31.21) were found in childhood AA younger than 10 years. Additional diseases including psoriasis (OR 2.43) and rheumatoid arthritis (OR 2.57) appeared at onset age 11 to 20 years. Most atopic and autoimmune diseases were observed at onset ages of 21 to 60 years. With onset age older than 60 years, thyroid disease (OR 2.52) was highly related to AA. Moreover, patients with AA had higher risk for more coexisting diseases than control subjects. Limitations: We could not differentiate hypothyroidism from hyperthyroidism. Conclusions: AA is related to various atopic and autoimmune diseases. Different associated diseases in each onset age group of AA can allow clinician to efficiently investigate specific comorbidities.
JAMA Dermatology
ImportanceAlopecia areata (AA) is characterized by nonscarring hair loss of the scalp, face, and/or body. Alopecia totalis (AT) and alopecia universalis (AU) involve complete loss of the scalp and body hair, respectively. The epidemiology of AA in the US remains unclear, having previously been extrapolated from older studies that were limited to specific geographic areas or clinical settings, or from self-reported data.ObjectiveTo estimate the annual prevalence and incidence of AA and AT and/or AU (AT/AU) in the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective, population-based cohort study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2019 and included enrollees in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental databases and their dependents, with plan enrollment during each study calendar year and the year prior.ExposuresPrevalent cases were identified by 1 or more claims for AA or AT/AU (International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tent...
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2020
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Alopecia Areata. Current situation and perspectives
Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria, 2017
Alopecia areata (AA) is a dermatological disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss of the scalp and/or body, with an unpredictable and variable evolution in the patients in which, despite multidisciplinary efforts, its etiology is not entirely known, although some evidence suggests that environmental, immunological and genetic factors could be generating the disease. The aim of this review is to provide an updated panorama of the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of AA, to analyze the mechanisms that could participate in its etiology, as well as to review some of the most important genetic variants that could confer susceptibility to the development of this disease.
Alopecia areata investigational assessment guidelines. National Alopecia Areata Foundation
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1999
To establish criteria for selecting and assessing subjects for both clinical and laboratory studies of alopecia areata, thereby facilitating collaboration, comparison of data, and the sharing of patient-derived tissue II. DEFINITION OF ALOPECIA AREATA Alopecia areata is a dermatologic disease characterized in its limited form by circumscribed round or oval patches of alopecia with well-demarcated borders between normal and affected scalp. There is no scale or induration of the scalp and no loss of follicular markings. Disease extent may progress from this limited form to complete loss of hair on the scalp and/or body.
A Study Of Alopecia Areata And Its Associated Diseases At A Tertiary Care Hospital
Introduction: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by patchy non scarring hair loss associated with many systemic diseases. There is paucity of clinical data among Asian population. Aim and Objective: To find out the demographic and clinical profile of alopecia areata and its association with various systemic and dermatological diseases. Material and Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted among selected 100 patients of alopecia areata who attended Skin and venereal disease OPD, S.V.B.P. hospital, L.L.R.M. Medical College, Meerut, from January 2016 to December 2016. A detail information regarding demographic profile, family history, history of any systemic disease was obtained on a pre tested and predesigned questionnaire. Detail examination and thyroid profile was done of all the study subjects. The collected data was compiled in MS Excel and analyzed on Epi info software version 3.7.2. Results: Out of 100 patients, 92 patients completed the study out of which 61 % were male. Most of the study subjects were in the age group of 21-30 yrs. Patchy hair loss was found to be present in 87% and its association with duration of illness was found statistically significant. Higher association was found in nail changes (13%) followed by vitiligo (9%) and thyroid disorder (7%). Conclusion: the present study concludes association of alopecia areata with systemic and dermatological diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment of alopecia areata can reduce the burden of associated diseases.
Clinico-epidemiological study of alopecia areata
Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology, 2018
Objective To evaluate the clinical and demographical pattern of alopecia areata (AA) and their association with other diseases. Methods A cross-sectional multicentric study of 410 patients with AA was carried out during the period of January 2013 to December 2014. A detail clinical and demographical pattern of the disease was taken in a prescribed proforma along with the association of other diseases, if present. Results A total of 410 patients with AA were included in the study with age ranging from 1 year to 74 years, out of which 206 were males and 204 females. The commonest age at onset was 21-30 years. Multilocular patches were the commonest presentation. Based on the pattern, patchy AA was most commonly seen, followed by ophiasis and sisiapho. Eyebrow involvement was common in the ophiasis group as compared to other types. Nail involvement was found in 45.4% patients and pitting was the most common finding. A history of previous episode of AA was present in 32.4% of patient. S...