Making the paintings of the ancestors speak. The father of Anthropology and the Translation of Mesoamerican Cultural Heritage in Miguel León-Portilla and Francisco Javier Clavijero (original) (raw)
Related papers
Nowadays, when all the forms of violence have become something normal and they are part of our everyday life, mainly for the so-called developing countries, it is essential to inquire about everyday beliefs and practices, which enable coercive links or their invisibility. Dispositions are intellectual mechanisms that define trends of action for individuals in a given context and situation; they are based mainly on beliefs and the characteristics of the so-cio-spatial context. This analysis discusses the question: what are dispositions that legitimize and promote the segregated city? Our thinking is based on a review of several studies, and empirical research on the peripheral and central public spaces in large cities, especially some recent research on violence in the outskirts of Mexico City. In other words, we intend to examine it from the point of view of the groups that suffer most from the violence. But mainly it is about proposing an examination of our preferences and desires to inhabit cities in search of the mechanisms that protect us from discomfort, but which, at the same time, tend to harbour the seeds of human violence.
Lo Squaderno, 2021
Not many topics have received the amount of (academic, cultural, political) attention that urban violence has had. In a way, since 19th century reflections on the nascent urban modernity, the discourse about ‘the city’ has always been one of violence, with remarkable consequences in the way cities are discussed, regulated, planned, policed, and lived. Reflection on what urban violence may actually be, however, has been for the most part lacking. The urban in urban violence has often been used as a mere adjective pointing at the location where a physical event of violence takes place, rather than a process, a space, an atmosphere, which may be violent in the first place. In this sense, going beyond a narrow understanding of urban violence means attending to its relational, material, and temporal complexity. This is what the following contributions do. It is neither by chance, nor because the authors featured here have not been capable of capturing the present, that Covid-19 features scantly in this collection and, in contrast, historical accounts are the most common. The epistemology of urban violence calls for extended temporalities: and while the effects of governmental health policies in terms of state violence are there to see, tracing the complex interrelations of the latter with urban violence writ large requires a distancing that is impossible for the time being.
Urban Violence and Citizanship
Political protest is the expression of the non-acquiescence about a decision or a set of political decisions, or the non-acknowledgement of the legitimacy for the decision making process. The political intervention is assumed to be, in that case, extremely relevant for the political and social awareness. – Felgueiras Sérgio. Geração á Rasca . Chiado Books , 2017 The theme “urban violence” appears, therefore, as an interdisciplinary study proposal, in a nucleus integrated by several areas of social sciences (Sociology, Pedagogy, Philosophy, Anthropology, Economics, Psychology, Communication, Law, History and other related areas), with the purpose of understanding, through research and scientific work, the various aspects of urban violence, and directing socio-ideological changes that will guide public policies aimed at the causes and consequences of violence in this environment. Contexts of violence The hyper concentration of metropolises, over information and communication and information technologies in the centres of power and economic life, hyper-specialization and the increase in job insecurity produce an increasing number of excluded people who are left on the fringes of the labour market. Employment and social and informational inclusion, exposed and vulnerable to unconventional, marginal, anomic and criminal forms of survival.
The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace & Conflict Studies, 2020
The definition of urban violence can have multiple meanings (Moser 2004; Pavoni and Tulumello 2018) – as expected in all discussions concerned to analyze violence – but for this entry, we follow the definition that urban violence “as the interplay between representations and the reality that people experience in certain urban environments. In other words, the city is generally referred to as a dangerous place because, the discourse says, dangerous populations live there in dangerous neighborhoods and make life unbearable for others” (Body-Gendrot 1995, p. 525). This definition is seconded by Pavoni and Tulumello (2018, p. 12) because “it can provide a further challenge to the ‘urban age’ thesis and its reductionist characterisation of the urban as a mere question of (human) inhabitation” opening the analysis for a “whole array of other entities, practices, and relations that constitute the urban,” including the manifestation of violent crime. In particular, violent crime is a key obstacle to peace in some countries, like Brazil, El Salvador, and South Africa. Those latter cases will be better examined in this entry.
DEFINING SPATIAL VIOLENCE. BUCHAREST AS A STUDY CASE
The paper looks at the spatial manifestations of violence, aiming to define the category of spatial violence by focusing on the recent urban history of Bucharest; it establishes links with the longer history of natural and inflicted disasters that defined the city, and it explores the spatial, urban, social and symbolical conflicts that occured during the last 25 years, pointing at their consequences on the social and urban substance of the city. Introduction …we can state that as a rule, the city is a dissimulated graveyard. Lying underneath the perceptible layers of urban consciousness, the city´s double (the original sacrifices) is a reminder of an anxiety that must have been constantly appeased by the continuous offering of scapegoats. 1 The aim of this study is to investigate the ways in which the concept of violence can be retrieved in the spatial developments at the urban level. The paper will look at several ways of defining the concept of violence, in order to focus on the particular relation between violence and space, and to identify correspondences with the historical reality of Bucharest. While interpreting recent urban history through the concept of violence, the research will cast a new light on urban developments of the 21 st century. A reading of Bucharest through the traumatic ways through which the city has continuously rebuilt its urban identity could be a useful model for analysis for similar phenomena around the world.
Urban Violence: The Dialectics of City Making and Ruination in Settler Colonial Settings
The paper suggests rethinking urban violence in the context of settler-colonialism. In contrast to common approaches that examine violence through a perspective of law and order, focusing on its physical and erupting manifestations, the article seeks to look at two parallel phenomena in urban contexts of settler-colonialism: (1) structural violence as the prevailing method of management and control towards indigenous populations; and (2) bottom-up violence against urban infrastructures. Settler-colonialism is primarily a form of construction through violence, as the creation of a home and place for the settlers is done through negating, repressing and destroying indigenous spaces. Thus, violence destroys (urban) worlds on the one hand and builds them on the other. The structural violence of state and municipal mechanisms becomes identifiable with urban infrastructures, which then become symbols and foci for struggle. Violence is thus made by- and against- infrastructures, making their destruction a way of creating an opposing identity. Both sides are thus engaged not only in a struggle within the city, but also for the city and against the city.
Urban Violence: Security, Imaginary, Atmosphere [Lexington books / snippet]
Lexington Books, 2023
Urban violence still has a peculiar standing within social and urban research. This book works to unpack the link between urban, violence, and security with three main arguments. The first is that urban violence is under-theorized because long-term theoretical problems with both of its elements (‘urban’ and ‘violence’). The second is to answer these questions: (1) how can violence be conceptualized in a way that opens to an understanding of the specificity of urban violence? (2) What is the urban in urban violence? And (3) How can ‘urban’ and ‘violence’ be articulated in a way that makes urban violence a category with both analytical and strategic power? The third, and central, argument of this book is that, through a genealogy that articulates political economic and vital materialism, urban violence can ultimately be framed as a precise category shaped by three interlocking trajectories: the process of (capitalist) urbanization, the spatio-political project of the urban, and the concrete urban atmospheres in and through which the process and the project materialize, often violently so, in the urban.
Urban Violence Is Not (Necessarily) a Way of Life: Towards a Political Economy of Conflict in Cities
Urbanization and Development, 2010
Cities generally … comprise a motley of peoples and cultures, of highly differentiated modes of life between which there often is only the faintest communication, the greatest indifference, … occasionally bitter strife, but always the sharpest contrast. (Wirth 1938: 20) As the world moves towards its so-called urban 'tipping point', urbanization in the global South has increasingly come to be portrayed as the portent of a dystopian future characterized by ever-mounting levels of anarchy and brutality. The association between cities, violence, and disorder is not new, however. In a classic article on…/