Taxonomy and Genetic Relationships of Pangasiidae, Asian Catfishes, Based on Morphological and Molecular Analyses (original) (raw)
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Diversity of Pangasiid Catfishes From Sumatra
indoplasma.or.id
One of the utmost importance catfish group for fisheries and aquaculture in Southeast Asia is pangasiids. The main constrain to cultivate wild species and optimize the production of cultured species was due to the poorly documented of the genetic resources. In the current study, it presents the diversity of pangasiids catfishes from Sumatra. Nine hundreds and ninety nine specimens formed the core of the material examined during this study. On each specimen, 35 point to point measurement, covering the possible variation of the body conformation were taken using dial calipers. Data were subjected to principal component analysis. Data analysis consisted in characterizing groups from scatter plots between pairs of structuring characters for subsequent use in generic identifycation keys. Four genera with seven species exist in four main rivers, Indragiri; Batang Hari; Musi; Way Rarem, in Sumatra. They are Helicophagus typus, H. Waandersii, Pteropangasius micronemus, Pangasius polyuranodon, P kunyit, P. djamba,l and P. nasutus. The diagnosis of the species, identification key, distribution and ecology were given.
Aquaculture, 2010
SSCP (Single Stranded Conformation Polymorphism) approaches were used to identify potential speciesspecific markers for species of Pangasiidae fish. Seven primers were obtained using the AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) approach. Only one of these (PL8) proved to have conserved variation within species and to be clearly distinguishable among species. PL8 distinguished the five of nine Pangasiidae species, four of them are most economically important species (Pangasianodon gigas, P. hypopthalmus, Pangasius bocourti and P. larnaudii). The power of this marker for species identification was confirmed in samples of larvae although it failed to unambiguously differentiate hybrids of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and P. gigas or Pangasius bocourti from their parents. PL8 will be useful for species identification of Pangasiid catfishes, for larval identification and species authentication in food products.
1998
With the aim of detecting phylogenetic relationships among Pangasiidae catfishes, 23 enzyme loci were studied on 18 nominal species ofthe genera Pangasius and Helicophagus (Roberts & Vidthayanon, 1991). In order to assess the taxonomic position of Laides genus in the Schilbeidae or in the Pangasiidae, 2 species belonging to the genus Laides and 1 species of the genus Pseudeutropius (Silurifonnes, Schilbeidae) were added in the study. The results indicate that the species Laides hexanema and Laides sinensis appear to be genetically related with the Pangasiidae. The phylogenetic tree obtained shows a clustering of species which validate the genus Helicophagus but indicates that the genus Pangasius is polyphyletic. The genus Pangasius is composed of 3 genetic differentiated groups. Group 1 is composed by 3 species belonging to two different morphological entities validated by Roberts and Vidthayanon (1991) as possible subgenus. Pangasius hypophthalmus and P. gigas which share common genetic characters validate the subgenus Pangasianodon. The possession of many private alleles by P. pleurotaenia confirms the morphological originality of this species which was therefore considered to belong to the monotypic subgenus Pteropangasius. The second group consists of P. micronema, P. macronema, P. lithostoma and P. polyuranodon and the last group represents all the other species of the genus Pangasius. By contrast Neopangasius considered as a possible subgenus by Roberts and Vidthayanon (1991) is polyphyletic. Although relative genetic similarities were found between P. humeralis and P. nieuwenhuisii which are located in group 3, the species P. lithostoma appears to be more closely related to species belonging to the group 2. By reference to the Helicophagus genus, the genetic distances estimated between these genetic entities suggest that Pangasianodon and Pteropangasius could be elevated to the genus level. Low genetic distance between groups 2 and 3 lead us to maintain species of both groups in the genus Pangasius. In the same way the genus Laides could be placed in Pangasiidae as proposed by Roberts (1989). The results also confirm the nominal species revision proposed by Roberts and Vidthayanon (1991). New insights are given in this paper, like the presence of Pangasius djambal in all major basins of Sumatra and the fact that, contrarily to previous statements, this species was never utilised for aquaculture in Indonesia so far. Helicophagus typus is not extinct, three specimens were caught in the Batang Hari river (Sumatra) in February 1997 and two specimens in the Kapuas river (West Kalimantan) in June 1997. Two possible new species were discovered, the first one (ref. spl) occurring in Sumatra (Musi, Batang Hari and Indragiri rivers), in Kalimantan (Mahakam River) and in Vietnam (Mekong delta), the second one (ref. sp2) was observed in East Kalimantan (Berau River). The taxon spl shares several characteristics with Pangasius pangasius. However this latter species is not supposed to be represented in the Mekong River nor in Indonesian waters.
2009
With the aim of detecting phylogenetic relationships among Pangasiidae catfishes, 23 enzyme loci were studied on 18 nominal species ofthe genera Pangasius and Helicophagus (Roberts & Vidthayanon, 1991). In order to assess the taxonomic position of Laides genus in the Schilbeidae or in the Pangasiidae, 2 species belonging to the genus Laides and 1 species of the genus Pseudeutropius (Silurifonnes, Schilbeidae) were added in the study. The results indicate that the species Laides hexanema and Laides sinensis appear to be genetically related with the Pangasiidae. The phylogenetic tree obtained shows a clustering of species which validate the genus Helicophagusbut indicates that the genus Pangasius is polyphyletic. The genus Pangasius is composed of 3 genetic differentiated groups. Group 1 is composed by 3 species belonging to two different morphological entities validated by Roberts and Vidthayanon (1991) as possible subgenus. Pangasius hypophthalmus and P. gigas which share common gen...
The parental F1 hybrids (Pangaisianodon gigas, PG Chevey 1931, male x Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, PH (Sauvage 1878), female) were used as brood-stock. The two new catfish hybrids, backcross, BC {F1 hybrid, female x PG, male} and reciprocal backcross, RCBC {F1 hybrid (male) x PG (female)} were successfully produced. Both the BC and the RCBC types showed fast growth; however, at the fingerling stage it is very difficult to distinguish between the two hybrids because of their very similar morphology. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of BC and RCBC types and to compare the results with two purebred catfish specimens (PG and PH) at a total length of 13-15 cm. using 14 morphometric and 4 meristic measurements, respectively. The parental hybrid catfish were produced from PG (male) x PH (female). The results revealed statistically significant differences (p< 0.05); the BC exhibited distinct variations in anal fin height, anal fin length, body depth (BD), body width (BW), and head length (HLSL) from the other fish. The RCBC showed the highest level of distance from snout to isthmus (DSI) and dorsal fin length (DFL). A multifactor analysis (MFA) was used to perform clustering after the principal component analysis (PCA) had been done from both the morphometric and meristic traits and indicated that the backcross was greater in terms of BD and BW parameters when compared with the other groups. The RCBC, however, was intermediate between the two purebreds. The combined morphometrics and meristics data demonstrated that the BC and the PH had the most divergent morphology. The original group cases correctly classified the results for the morphometric and meristic characteristics, and their combined data from all the results were 100%, 66.1% and 100%, respectively. The results indicated that the two catfish species and their hybrids were highly different from one another and all characteristics except the dorsal fin ray count could be utilized for the identification of the two pangasiid catfish species and the two hybrids at the fingerling stage.
Fisheries Science, 2007
The Mekong giant catfish Pangasianodon gigas is endemic to the Mekong River and is a critically endangered species. The genotypes of the microsatellite DNA (msDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers (right domain of the control region) were detected to evaluate the present status of genetic divergence of this species from the Mekong River in Thailand and Cambodia. The observed and expected heterozygosity values of Mekong giant catfish in Thailand and Cambodia were relatively low in comparison with those of other nonendangered freshwater fish species. These two populations from Thailand and Cambodia showed similar levels of genetic diversity, as evaluated by the 384 nucleotides of the mtDNA control region with 13 haplotypes. The pairwise FST value between the two populations based on the genotype frequencies of msDNA and mtDNA markers suggested a close genetic relationship between the populations in Thailand and Cambodia. The results of this study support the conclusion that the Mekong giant catfish is critically endangered. Care should be taken to sustain the genetic diversity of this species, as the level of genetic variability has already decreased in the wild population. This species is a target species for an ongoing stock enhancement program in the Mekong River in Thailand. It is proposed to apply these markers for proper broodstock management, such as for minimal kinship selective breeding in the hatchery.
Indian Journal of Animal Research, Volume 57 Issue 12: 1627-1633 (December), 2023
Background: Catfish is a freshwater and saltwater fish type with a wide distribution throughout the Indonesian archipelago. This study was conducted to analyze Indonesian catfish's genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships based on the mitochondrial ND6 gene. Methods: Twenty-eight catfish samples were collected from nine rivers and one ocean in seven provinces of Indonesia. The MT-ND6 gene was amplified by using a set of primers (BaungND6F and BaungND6R). The MEGA X software was used to examine the MT-ND6 sequences for genetic variation and phylogenetic relation between Indonesian catfish populations. Result: There were 167 nucleotide site variations and thirty-two amino acid variations in the MT-ND6 gene. The genetic difference among populations ranges from 0.9 to 25% and the average evolutionary divergence in the overall populations was 14%, with catfish BB and PM having the closest genetic distance, while the farthest is BF to MP and BF to MS. In conclusion, the phylogenetic tree indicated that there were four distinct catfish clades in this study: MP, MS, KR, PM, BB and KS had been grouped with Hemibagrus nemurus (Bagridae family), EM had been grouped with Mystus vittatus (Bagridae family), BSBJ had been grouped with Pangasius pangasius (Pangasiidae family) and PD and BF had been grouped with Netuma thalassina (Ariidae family).
DIAGNOSTIC AND DESCRIPTION OF ASIAN PANGASIID CATFISH GENUS Helicophagus FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA
Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal
Pangasiid catfishes is an economic important catfish family for fishery. Nowadays, three species, Pangasius hypophtahlmus, P. boucorti, and P. djambal, are used in aquaculture. Among the genera in Pangasiidae, Helicophagus was less studied. Although this genus was less preferred than other popular species in Pangasiidae, it still has high commercial price. The present study was conducted to clarify the differences of the exist species in the genus Helicophagus based on biometric analyses. Twenty six specimens, collected from represent rivers in Southeast Asia, used for the material examined. Several type specimens deposited in museums were also added in the analyses. Thirty five characters were designed for measurement on the unique body conformation. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to distinguish different species and found strong characters for key identification and description. The results presented the data and information on the diagnosis, description, distribut...
Veterinary World, 2019
Aim: This study aimed to analyze the genetic variation and phylogenetic reconstruction of Indonesian indigenous catfish using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit III sequences. Materials and Methods: A total of 19 samples of catfish were collected from seven rivers (Elo [EM], Progo [PM], Kampar [KR], Musi [MP], Mahakam [MS], Kapuas [KS], and Bengawan Solo [BSBJ]) in five different geographical locations in Indonesia. The genome was isolated from the tissue. Mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit III was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with CO3F and CO3R primers. The PCR products were sequenced and continued to analyze genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship using MEGA version 7.0 software. Results: Cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-III gene sequencing obtained 784 nucleotides encoding 261 amino acids. Sequenced COX-III gene fragments were aligned along with other catfish from Genbank using ClustalW program and genetic diversity among species was analyzed using the MEGA Version 7.0 software. Among all samples, there were substitution mutations at 78 nucleotide sites, and there were 14 variations in amino acids. Catfish from PM, KR, MP, and KS had the same amino acids as Hemibagrus nemurus (KJ573466.1), while EM catfish had eight different amino acids and catfish BSBJhad 12 different amino acids. Conclusion: Indonesian catfish divided into four clades. BBSJ Catfish were grouped with Pangasianodon gigas, EM catfish were grouped with Mystus rhegma, and KS catfish were grouped with Hemibagrus spilopterus, while catfish MS, KR, PM, and MP were grouped with H. nemurus.
Fisheries Science, 2006
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of mitochondrial DNA was applied to the genetic structure and evolutionary history of the more ancestral Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (n = 82), and the recently speciated catfish Pangasius bocourti (n = 90) from the Cambodian Mekong River. Both pangasiids were characterized by a lack of genetic population structure that may result from high levels of contemporary gene flow. Genetic diversity was lower in P. hypophthalmus than in P. bocourti. However, a different evolutionary history was inferred for both species based on genealogical and demographic analyses (mismatch analysis, Tajima's D-and Fu's F S -tests). The genetic profile of the more ancestral P. hypophthalmus shows indications of a recent population bottleneck, whereas the recently speciated P. bocourti shows signatures of historical population expansion. This study stresses the importance of preserving the migration routes in the Cambodian Mekong basin in order to maintain the genetic diversity and long-term integrity of both species.