Pesticide Uses and its Effects on Public Health and Environment (original) (raw)
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Use Of Pesticides In Nepal And Impacts On Human Health And Environment
Journal of Agriculture and Environment, 2013
Majority of the farmers are unaware of pesticide types, level of poisoning, safety precautions and potential hazards on health and environment. According to the latest estimate, the annual import of pesticides in Nepal is about 211t a.i. with 29.19% insecticides, 61.38% fungicides, 7.43% herbicides and 2% others. The gross sale value accounts US $ 3.05 million per year. Average pesticides use in Nepal is 142 g a.i./ha, which is very low as compared to other Asian counties. The focus of this paper is to analyze the use and application status of pesticides in Nepal to aware the society about adverse effects of chemical pesticides in the environment. Pesticidal misuse is being a serious concern mainly in the commercial pocket areas of agricultural production, where farmers are suffering from environmental pollution. Incidence of poisoning is also increasing because of intentional, incidental and occupational exposure. Toxic and environmentally persistent chemicals are being used as pesticides. Many studies showed that the chemical pollution of the environment has long-term effects on human life. It is therefore essential that manufacture, use, storage, transport and disposal of chemical pesticides be strictly regulated.
A Review on Status of Pesticides Use in Nepal
Research Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Pesticides are used for increasing the agricultural productivity and safeguarding the public health. This paper analyses the trend of pesticide import, formulation and consumption in Nepal. Moreover, quantity of pesticide used per hectare of agriculture field in Nepal has been compared with other countries of the world and banned pesticides in Nepal have been reported along with their hazard level. Results show an increasing trend of pesticide consumption for agricultural purposes. Fungicides are the major form of pesticide used in the country.
An overview of pesticide management in Nepal
Journal of Agriculture and Environment, 2018
Agriculture is a wider sector where 54% people are engaged and one-third GDP contributed to the nation. Due to diverse climatic regions, farmers grow different types of agricultural commodities and presence of different pests reduces their production and thus need to apply pesticides. Pesticide Registration and Management Division under the Department of Agriculture is a legal authority to register as well as restrict or ban certain pesticides used in the agricultural sector in Nepal. The paper also emphasizes how Nepal has doing pesticide reduction for the pest management in agriculture considering the food safety, animal and human health and environment protection. And it also focuses on the legal aspects on pesticide management and status of registered, restricted and banned pesticides in the context of neighboring countries and addresses to fulfill the obligations of the international convention related to pesticides and industrial chemicals.
Big Data In Agriculture, 2021
The haphazard and unsystematic pesticide use has marred the existing conventional agriculture system of Nepal and Nepalese agriculture is also impinged from its impact to a great extent. Pesticide use being less tedious, more economic, and easy to use in one hand and high import of the pesticides through pervious border on the other has made farmers to embrace pesticide dependent farming practices more often. The study is focused on assessing the pesticide use status of the country, import and formulation, pesticide residue on agricultural produces from few years back to present, and the dire economy supposed to be forecasted in Nepalese agriculture in near future as a result of these scenarios. The chemical pesticides were imported in the country during 1950s for the first time. The national average of pesticide use is 396gm a.i/ha. The terai region of the country is hotspot of excessive pesticide use (995 gm a.i/ha). Among the pesticides used in agricultural produces, vegetables d...
Use of pesticides and its residue on vegetable crops in Nepal
Journal of Agriculture and Environment, 2015
Farmer field survey and lab residue analysis studies were carried out to examine the use of pesticide in vegetable fields and its potential effects on human health and environment. Field information were collected using semi-structured questionnaires face to face interview with 200 farmers from three districts (Bara, Dhading and Kavre) of central region of Nepal. The recent study showed that the use of chemical pesticides in Nepal is 0.396Kg a.i./ha. The farmers' field survey showed that 72 percent of the farmers paid attention on acquiring information about the effectiveness of pesticide to control the target pests. While 65 percent of the farmers noticed the expiry date of pesticides, and only a few farmers considered the adverse effects of pesticide on human health and environment. The result showed that majority of them (51.5%) kept the remaining pesticides in their house freely, whereas 23.5 percent farmers destroyed the remaining pesticides; either buried or burnt. It was also found that 22.5 percent of farmers did not care and threw the remaining pesticides outside the house and in the fields. Residues analysis of 75 samples of 13 vegetables indicated that 58%t of the vegetable samples contained no detectable level (NDL) of the monitored pesticides, 38% samples resulted in trace level of the pesticides residue or below the minimum residue level (MRL), while 4% samples showed above MRL (EU Standard). Present study revealed ample scope for improvement on pesticide use and exposure, for which there is need of strong policy implementation, strengthening training, extension services and various awareness programs to farmers and agro-vets for judicious use of pesticides, health safety and environment protection.
PESTICIDES IMPORT, USE, CONSUMPTION AND RESIDUE STATUS AMONG FOOD CROPS IN NEPAL
ZIBELINE INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING, 2019
Insubstantial options for chemical pest management compelled farmers to use synthetic pesticides against crop insect pests that created vicious circle of increasing high-dose-pesticides applications in agriculture sector. The study was carried out to understand prevailing situation of pesticides uses and their state regulation status. Secondary data were obtained from Plant Protection Division, Plant Management and Registration Division, and FAOSTAT for drawing inferences and trend analysis. Chemical pest management commenced from using Paris green, Gamaxone, Nicotine sulphate and Chlorinated hydrocarbons in 1950s to 117 chemically defined pesticides including bio-pesticides and bio-rational compounds of 2186 formulations from 1960s to 2018 has made obvious changes in pest management scenario in the country. Per hectare pesticide consumption in Nepal is 396.0 gram (a.i.) while in commercial vegetable sector its consumption is as high as 1,600 gram a.i. per hectare. Option dearth but farmers' reliability only in chemical applications in pest management in crop fields has resulted in repercussion of vicious circle of compelled higher dose pesticide applications in crops. Obvious result is scores of multitudes of pesticides crowded in market in the country. Above all, problems of pesticide residues in food grains and green vegetables are emerging.
Pesticide Application and Food Safety Issue in Nepal
Journal of Agriculture and Environment, 2009
It has been increasing pest population including weeds, invasive species, insects and insect vectors and plant diseases, which lead to increase pesticides on crop production. Some of the pesticides also contribute to global warming and the depletion of the ozone layer. Pesticides are the potential health hazards which have drawn attention to everyone. The current practice adopted in pesticides control in Nepal appears not enough in line with food safety. This has created a promising threat in food safety and human health. In turn, global warming is also likely to increase pesticide use and degrade food safety situation. Necessary measures should be adopted to curb upcoming alarming situation in food safety.
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2017
Majority of the farmers are unaware of pesticide types, level of poisoning, safety precautions and potential hazards on health and environment. According to the latest estimate, the annual import of pesticides in Nepal is about 211t a.i. with 29.19% insecticides, 61.38% fungicides, 7.43% herbicides and 2% others. The gross sale value accounts US $ 3.05 million per year. Average pesticides use in Nepal is 142 g a.i./ha, which is very low as compared to other Asian counties. Pesticidal miss use is being a serious concern mainly in the commercial pocket areas of agricultural production, where farmers are suffering from environmental pollution. Incidence of poisoning is also increasing because of intentional, incidental and occupational exposure. Toxic and environmentally persistent chemicals are being used as pesticides. Many studies showed that the chemical pollution of the environment has long-term effects on human life. It is therefore essential that manufacture, use, storage, transport and disposal of chemical pesticides be strictly regulated.
Impact of Pesticide and Fertilizer on Human Health: A Case Study in Godawari Area, Lalitpur, Nepal
The Geographic Base, 2019
Different types of pesticides and chemical fertilizers are in use in Nepal which is harmful for human health. These chemical fertilizers and pesticides are beyond the limitation and restriction. However, scientific study is very limited in Nepal. So, this study aims to assess the situation of use and protection system of pesticides users. This study is based on field level data of Godawari area of Lalitpur district. In Godawari area, Urea and DAP are mostly used for cereal crops and potash is mostly for vegetables. Pesticides and fertilizers are mostly used in vegetable farming but protection system during the use of pesticides and fertilizer is not satisfactory. So, these chemicals have been negatively affecting on the health of the local farmers.