Young people's conception of HIV/AIDS and the use of condoms in sexual intercourse (original) (raw)
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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2012
Aim: To assess the knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention and factors associated with condom use among adolescent. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 outpatient adolescents. Association between knowledge on the transmission of HIV/AIDS and variables were analyzed using the chi-square test. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the factors associated to condom use. Results: The knowledge about HIV/AIDS transmission was high and lower percentages of knowledge were observed regarding the non-transmission of HIV/AIDS. Younger adolescents revealed less knowledge than older adolescents. After multiple logistic regression the following factors were associated with condom use: male gender (p ¼ 0.029), same age between partners (p ¼ 0.002) and having until 1 year elapsed since sexual initiation (p ¼ 0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS prevention was satisfactory. However, this does not imply that adolescents put such knowledge to use.
Representaciones sociales de adolescentes sobre la relación sexual y el uso del preservativo
Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, 2015
Representações sociais de adolescentes acerca da relação sexual e do uso do preservativo Representaciones sociales de adolescentes sobre la relación sexual y el uso del preservativo ABSTRACT The objective of this investigation was to identify how adolescents structure the social representations of sexual intercourse and use of condoms. Exploratory and descriptive research was conducted with a convenience sample consisting of 234 students of a public secondary school in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, between July 2009 and April 2010. Data were collected using a questionnaire with variables on socioeconomic status and sexual behaviour, and Free Association test with three terms: 'sex' , 'unprotected sex' and 'sex with a condom'. Sexual intercourse was represented by love and aff ection among the women, while men associated sex to pleasure, desire and attraction toward the female body. The condom was considered important by both groups, but men represented condoms as being something bad that restricts pleasure. Health professionals are granted the opportunity to identify vulnerabilities of this population to DST/HIV/AIDS and work with these vulnerabilities in the most appropriate way.
Condom use in Brazil: An overview of the academic production on HIV/AIDS prevention (2007-2011)
Temas em Psicologia, 2013
Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, condoms have been the main preventive strategy of the Brazilian policies. This study presents a refl ective essay on the academic production on condom use as a method for HIV/AIDS prevention in Brazil, based on papers published in scientifi c journals between 2007 and 2011 and indexed in the Virtual Health Librar y. It outlines an overview of these studies and their results and conclusions. Despite the diversity of the production analyzed, it was found that the studies concentrated on young people, with great attention given to gender issues. From combined analysis on the goals and the theoretical and methodological frameworks of the articles, six areas of production of knowledge on the subject were identifi ed: epidemiological studies; studies on knowledge and behavior; studies on specifi c contexts; studies on senses and meanings; studies on activities; and review studies. The literature analyzed is presented in a diffuse manner so as it interlocks approaches and directions, which requires an epistemological and methodological maturity of the frameworks used.
2006
This study examined the influence of the relationship context where adolescent sexual activity takes place on contraceptive decisions. The data were collected in a specially designed survey carried out in May 2000 on 1,438 adolescent males aged 13–19 residing in favelas (urban slum areas) of Recife, Brazil. A logistic regression analysis of condom use at last sexual intercourse and a multinomial logit analysis of contraceptive method choice were performed for 678 sexually active adolescents. Educational attainment, degree of knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention, and condom use at first sexual intercourse were found to be significantly associated with current condom use. Regarding the relationship context, the analysis revealed that adolescent males in steady relationships were less likely to use condoms, less likely to regard themselves at risk of HIV infection, and more concerned about pregnancy prevention than adolescents in casual relationships. Differentials in condom use by type of relationship, however, did not result from a higher rejection of contraception by steady partners but from their higher likelihood to rely on other contraceptive methods. Results suggest that prevention campaigns need to take into account the intimate context where adolescents assess potential health risks, and to address the divergent symbolic meanings condoms may have in different types of relationships. If an increase of condom use among stable sexual partners is pursued, public health campaigns might need to romanticize condom use as a sign of love and trust and place more emphasis on the benefits of dual protection.
Obstacles to condom use among secondary school students in Maputo city, Mozambique
This study explores how urban youth in Mozambique perceive their sexual behaviour and identifies the factors that hinder them from having safer sex in the context of HIV/AIDS, with special emphasis on the condom use. Data was collected form high school students in Maputo, Mozambique. Using a combination of focus group discussions, interviews and informal conversations, it was possible to identify that one major obstacle to the use of condoms was young people's belief that they did not have to use condoms in steady relationships built on love and trust. Trust and love provide a sense of immunity to infection. Such a perception is reinforced, it is argued, by previous HIV/AIDS campaigns in Mozambique that have advocated the use of condoms only with 'occasional sexual partners'. Students' understandings of pleasure, lack of accurate information, lack of sex education at home and at school, and gender inequalities further contribute to making condom use a difficult issue. There should be a change in focus in condom campaigns. Efforts should also be made to encourage young people to 'emotionally invest' in their health by using condoms. Résumé Cette e ´tude explore comment les jeunes des villes du Mozambique perçoivent leurs comportement sexuels, et identifie les facteurs qui les empêchent d'avoir des rapports sexuels protégés dans le contexte du VIH/sida. Elle met un accent particulier sur l'usage du préservatif. Des données provenant de lycéens a ` Maputo ont e ´té collectées. Une combinaison de focus groupes, d'entretiens et de conversations informelles, a permis de constater que l'un des obstacles majeurs a ` l'utilisation des préservatifs e ´tait la croyance des jeunes qu'ils n'en avaient pas besoin au sein de relations stables basées sur l'amour et la confiance. La confiance et l'amour font e ´merger la notion d'immunité a ` l'infection. Selon l'e ´tude, cette perception est renforcée par certaines des précédentes campagnes de prévention du VIH/sida au Mozambique, qui ont promu l'usage du préservatif seulement avec « des partenaires sexuel(le)s occasionnel(le)s. » Chez les lycéens, les compréhensions du plaisir, l'absence d'information précise, l'absence d'e ´ducation sexuelle au foyer et a ` l'e ´cole, et les inégalités de genre contribuent davantage a ` complexifier la question de l'usage du préservatif. Une modification des messages dans les campagnes de promotion du préservatif s'avère nécessaire. Des efforts devraient e ´galement e ˆtre faits pour encourager les jeunes a ` « s'investir e ´motionnellement » dans leur santé en utilisant des préservatifs. {
Studies in Family Planning, 2005
Increasingly during the past two decades, demographers and public health specialists have emphasized the importance of research on risky behaviors and vulnerabilities of adolescents with regard to reproductive health. A large number of studies have examined aspects of adolescent girls' sexual and reproductive health, such as their knowledge, attitudes, and risky behaviors. Fewer studies have focused on young men's sexual behaviors, in part because of the more limited data available about them. Moreover, the HIV pandemic has led public health researchers to place greater priority on the study of sexual behaviors. Much of their work has focused on highrisk groups-sex workers, injecting drug users, men who have sex with men, and others-notwithstanding the comparatively high infection rates now observed among the general heterosexual populations of some societies. As a consequence, relatively little is known about teenaged boys' behaviors and about how to incorporate such knowledge into programs aiming to improve the reproductive health of young people.
Criancas em idade escolar com HIV/AIDS: possivel discriminacao e atitudes contrarias
Revista Da Escola De Enfermagem Da Usp, 2013
Survey-based study what purpose was to analyse respondents' opinions about contacts with HIV/AIDS-affected people. It was performed using a paper-pencil method during visits of respondents at primary care centres and on-line through a link to the questionnaire distributed among patients of primary care physicians. The study involved 302 respondents, 80% of whom were women; the average age was 34.48 years. The majority of respondents did not know anyone with HIV/AIDS (89.6%). About 83.3% claimed that they would not decrease contacts with HIV/AIDS-affected people. According to 64.1% of respondents, children with HIV/AIDS should go to kindergarten/ public or non-public school. We selected a group of respondents, who previously were not but now are inclined to limit such contacts. These respondents can be a potential target group for HIV/AIDS educational programmes. Most respondents think that there is insufficient information about the HIV/AIDS in the mass media. DESCRIPTORS Child HIV Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Health education Social discrimination
Knowledge about STD/AIDS and sexual behavior among high school students in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 2003
The incidence of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is increasing among adolescents. In order to better understand high-risk sexual behavior among students, a cross-sectional study based on a self-answered anonymous questionnaire was conducted in 10 public and private high schools in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were obtained on sociodemographics, knowledge of STD/AIDS, and sexual behavior. Among 945 students aged 13-21, 59% were sexually initiated, and the median age at first sexual intercourse was 15 years (range: 7-19). Although 94% reported being aware of the need for condom use for protection, only 34% informed always using condoms during sex. Low family income was associated with unsatisfactory knowledge (OR = 9.40; 95% CI = 6.05-14.60) and inconsistent condom use (OR = 11.60; 95% CI = 5.54-24.30). However, unsatisfactory knowledge was not associated with inconsistent condom use. School-based educational programs should focus on sexual behavior more than on tr...