An approach to identify soil types by using hydraulic conductivity values (original) (raw)
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Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, 2018
This study was conducted in June-July 2018 to determine hydraulic properties of soil mainly: sorptivity (S); infiltration rate (I); hydraulic conductivity (K) and water diffusivity (D) using a tension infiltrometer. These soil properties are required during the design of irrigation and drainage projects. The Experimental site was the Demonstration Farm of Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (DFDABE), University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. The soil was loamy sand with mean porosity of 42.90%, percentage contents of sand, silt and clay were 84.35, 5.41 and 10.24%, respectively. A tension infiltrometer which restricts preferential flow of water in the soil was used to measure the infiltration rates. Water potentials of -0.02, -0.05, -10 and -0.15 m were used but -0.05 m was found to be most appropriate for tension infiltrometer. Potential -0.02 m could not control preferential flow of water during infiltration test. The infiltration data were used to determine S, I, K...
HIGH-ENERGY PROCESSES IN CONDENSED MATTER (HEPCM 2020): Proceedings of the XXVII Conference on High-Energy Processes in Condensed Matter, dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the birth of RI Soloukhin, 2020
The process of infiltration rate reading and soil sampling was carried out in the Campus II Area of Universitas Brawijaya (Dieng) using the Turf-Tec Infiltrometer, implemented in 8 points. At all points, the process of reading the infiltration rate is done once and once the soil sampling is used to determine the characteristics of the soil in the sample of the point in question. The process of analyzing soil characteristics was carried out at the Soil and Ground Laboratory of the Water Engineering Department. Soil samples used in the analysis of soil characteristics are soil samples that were previously taken from the eight infiltration rate readings in Campus II Universitas Brawijaya (Dieng). The daily rainfall data used comes from Department of Water Resources Engineering Rain Station-Universitas Brawijaya, BMKG Sukun Rain Station, and BMKG Ciliwung Rain Station. To determine the rate of infiltration that occurs based on the flooding method of permeable soil in this study using the Horton Model, Holtan Model, and Philip's Model. According to the testing of specific gravity that has been done, it can be concluded that there are 2 classes of soil types based on the classification of specific gravity, namely: sand (point 4, point 5, point 6, and point 7) and organic clay (point 1, point 2, point 3 , and point 8). According to the calculation of the grain size that has been done and shown through a filter analysis graph image at each point that shows the overall trend that ends in the type of sand (sand) indicates that the overall point has a type of sand. The hydrometer test is divided into 2 parts, namely: the hydrometer calibration process and the hydrometer testing calculation process. Based on the analysis of soil porosity, it can be concluded that the porosity value has a relationship with the water content value where the smaller the moisture content value at a point, the smaller the porosity value in the soil will be. From the analysis of the distribution of soil characteristics, infiltration rate and R24 rain histogram, it was found that inundates characteristics occurred in the study area.
Evaluation of effect of wastewater application on saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil
The increasing population in India and many other countries has not only increased the freshwater demand but also increased the volume of wastewater generated. Wastewater reclamation and reuse has now become an important element in water resources planning and management. Wastewater is potentially an important water source for irrigation to some crops. However, degradation of soil hydraulic properties is one of the expected risk of wastewater reuse. The present paper evaluates the effect of wastewater application on saturated hydraulic conductivity (K ) of soils of the selected two fields (Field-I and Field-II) located in RAU, Pusa campus in Bihar (India). The study indicated that K decreases with increase in amount of infiltrated natural wastewater (NWW) or artificial wastewater (AWW). The decrease in K with respect to that for freshwater (FW) application varied from about 10 to 20% depending upon the clay content of the soil. Further, the percentage (%) decrease in average value of K was found to be greater (14.33%) in the Field-II than Field-I (9.40%) in case of NWW application. Similarly, the percentage (%) decrease in case of AWW application was found to be 18.61% in the Field-II compared to 12.41% in the Field-I. Sealing effect of wastewater application to soil of Field-II was found more than that of Field-I due to higher clay percentage in the former field. s s s s
Review on Experimental Study of Influence of Soil Parameters on Infiltration Capacity
Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. For the calculation of runoff we have to determine Infiltration capacity. Runoff is contributed from large catchment area where ground conditions are different, bulk density may be different from place to place and therefore infiltration capacity also. For determination of runoff infiltration is an important parameter. Present study is an attempt to understand the various methods used for measurement of infiltration capacity and how the infiltration rate is measured on field by double ring infiltrometer. Also the relation of infiltration capacity with the soil parameters (Bulk Density, water content, Dry Density) This study has been done by a detailed research and analysis of some papers written by well-known researchers in the above field.
The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K(h) is a key soil parameter governing the water and solutes transportation processes. The course of this function depends on the geometry of the pores which is determined by the soil’s physical and chemical properties. Many studies focus on the comparison of soil hydraulic conductivity under different conditions. Despite the recent progress in this research field, no reference method for measuring the K(h) in situ exists. This study focusesprogress in this research field, there does not exist any reference method for measuring the K(h) and thus the comparison of different results is difficult. This study is focused on the effect of the initial water content of the soil as a factor influencing the measured K(h). The study was performed in situ over in a short time period and with several replications close to each other in order to reduce the affect of other factors which could causeing variations. Two tension infiltrometers were used and compared: A Hood Infiltrometer IL-2700 and a Minidisk Infiltrometer. Three different levels of initial water content (dry, medium wet and wet) were applied for each of the two infiltrometers, and three pressure heads (-0.5, -1 and -3 cm) for each measurement. According to the results the Minidisk Infiltrometer showeds a significant sensitivity to the initial water content, while measurements performed by using the Hood Infiltrometer were more stable.
Soil & Environment, 2018
Infiltration gallery is a method of water treatment through soil filtration. The mechanism is the filtering or absorption of contaminants in the river that flows through the soil. This method uses soil to remove contaminants. This method has three kinds of screening processes, ie physically, chemically and biologically. This process depends on moisture content, temperature, porosity, specific gravity, the saturated degree and hydraulic conductivity in the soil. Now a days, the cost of clean water production in the province of East Java, Indonesia requires a lot of cost, because the consumption of coagulant is very high; It is necessary to have a preliminary processing that helps the performance of water treatment in East Java, Indonesia. Natural water purification method using soil called infiltration gallery can be one solution in processing river water or as preliminary processing for water treatment in East Java. The purpose of this research is to know soil characteristics in soil samples in each region and its ability to removel TSS and Total Coliform. The second objective is to find good soil composition for removel TSS and total Coliform. The location of soil sampling is in
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2016
https://www.ijert.org/comparative-study-of-various-soils-upon-addition-of-different-materials-on-the-basis-of-hydraulic-conductivity-parameter https://www.ijert.org/research/comparative-study-of-various-soils-upon-addition-of-different-materials-on-the-basis-of-hydraulic-conductivity-parameter-IJERTV5IS050227.pdf While selecting various additives for different soils in the process of stabilisation or reinforcement, one must also think upon the variations occurring in the permeability parameter because of the after-effect of addition of additives so as to ensure that well drainage function is being maintained within the soil mass. If not, the clogging of pores following the condition of water logging may result as the adverse effect of adding additives. In the present article, the change in hydraulic conductivity has been studied upon different type of soils with different additives.
Estimation of infiltration rate in major soil types of Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
The present study is carried–out to have an idea about varying infiltration rates with varying soil types and cover in Kota Bharu-the capital of Kelantan state. The study area, covering a land area of about 394 km² lies between latitudes of 06˚10'N and longitude of 102˚20'E. Geologically, the area is mainly comprised of Quarternary alluvium having fluvial and marine origin which is constituted of mainly sand, gravel, silt and clay underlain by granite and meta-sedimentary rocks. The soil properties like texture, structure, water content, temperature and other factors like vegetation types and cover, and rainfall intensity play a significant role in controlling infiltration rate. Generally, coarse grained soils having large pore spaces with stable structure allows water from rainfall to enter unimpeded throughout a rainfall event. Otherwise, soils that have reduced infiltration may cause flooding in the area. From the soil classification map produced by Department of Agriculture (DOA), selected soils would be tested using double ring method to identify the infiltration rate in the study area. The method employed consists of two metal cylinders of diameter 30 cm and 60 cm that are driven partially into the soil. The ring is filled with specific level of water and the time at which water moves into the soil is measured, thus the rate of infiltration could be calculated in the field. An infiltration map will be produced at the end of the study which will be very useful for decision makers while dealing with flood management. The present study will be also very handy in agricultural field regarding the judicious and timely irrigation.
Plant, Soil and Environment, 2015
The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K(h) is a key soil parameter governing the water and solute transportation processes. The course of this function depends on the geometry of the pores which is determined by the soil's physical and chemical properties. Many studies focus on the comparison of soil hydraulic conductivity under different conditions. Despite the recent progress in this research field, no reference method for measuring the K(h) in situ exists. This study focuses on the effect of the initial water content of the soil as a factor influencing the measured K(h). The study was performed in situ over short time period and with several replications close to each other in order to reduce the effect of other factors which could cause variations. Two tension infiltrometers were used and compared: A Hood infiltrometer IL-2700 and a Minidisk infiltrometer. Three different levels of initial water content (dry, medium wet and wet) were applied for each of the two infiltrometers, and three pressure heads (-0.5;-1 and-3 cm) for each measurement. According to the results, the Minidisk infiltrometer showed significant sensitivity to the initial water content, while measurements performed using the Hood infiltrometer were more stable.
Hydraulic conductivity of a soil irrigated with treated sewage effluent
Geoderma, 2007
Effluent disposal on soil solves the immediate problem of contamination caused by direct discharge into rivers; nevertheless, other problems may appear if no agricultural management is applied. Among the current concerns about effluent reuse in agriculture, the most critical one regards the charge of soil physical properties, particularly of the hydraulic conductivity. This paper aims to determine the hydraulic conductivity in an Oxisol area irrigated with treated domestic sewage effluent (Effluent treatment) and with treated groundwater (Water treatment), during 24 months, by comparing the results with those of an area under natural conditions (Control treatment). The unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity K was measured in the experimental area using the instantaneous profile method from 12.5 to the 187.5 cm deep (every 25 cm). The determination of the saturated hydraulic conductivity K sat was carried out in laboratory using the falling head method. The results showed that the soil hydraulic conductivity changed in both areas, i.e., the Water and Effluent treatments, when compared to the Control area. Irrigation with treated water and with effluent showed similar changes in the K(θ) function, due to a high Na content in both irrigation waters. The irrigated areas had a significant decrease of K(θ) at high water contents compared to the Control treatment; a significant decrease of K sat was also observed in the irrigated areas. K(θ) increased in the irrigated soil at low water contents, suggesting soil structure and macro-and microporosity changes. Changes in the hydraulic conductivity were more pronounced in subsurface soil layers (to about the 1-m depth), which could be a consequence of the concentration of sodium in the leaching fraction and its subsequent increasingly damaging effect in the soil subsurface.