Application of Lefevere’s Seven Strategies in English Translations of Sohrab Sepehri’s Poems (original) (raw)
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Theory and practice in poetry translation
2019
The main purpose of this paper is to explore how much knowing the literary translation theories affects the final translations of the translators. Therefore, a group of 100 students of translation studies in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman were selected for this study, half of them were sophomore students who do not know anything about the literary translation theories and the second half were the senior students who have already passed the literary course and were familiar with the related theories. Furthermore, the English general knowledge of participants were assessed by a placement test, their poetic talents have also been assessed for close investigation of the outcomes, then they were asked to translate two poems namely A red red rose by Robert Burns and Poverty by Ahmad Shamlou translate from English to Persian and vice versa Also, Lefevere's seven strategies of poetry translation have been applied in this study. One of the findings of the research revealed the direct relationship existing between poetic attitude of the participants and their translations. Another finding of this study represents the fact that those participants who were familiar with the poetry translation strategies created better poetic translations than those who were not.
On the Translation of Poetry: A Look at Sohrab Sepehri's Traveler
SKASE Journal of Translation and Interpretation ( …, 2011
Every act of translation is mingled with some problems and challenges. Poetry translation may be more challenging than other types of translation due to the importance of both form and content in the type of interpretation and response evoked in the audience. In poetry translation one of the most essential issues to be addressed by the translator is whether to prefer the form over the content or vice versa. In this study presenting an analysis of a Persian piece of poetry, The Traveler, by the contemporary Persian Poet, Sohrab Sepehry, at both linguistic and extra linguistic levels based on Vahid's (2000) proposed model for poetry appreciation and translation process (see appendix) is aimed. It is tried to show that how linguistic and extra-linguistic features of the original poem has been dealt with in the translation process.
Assessing the Translation of Parvin Etesami's Selected Poems Using Vinay and Darbelnet's Model
Journal of Language and Translation, 2019
Translators always seek to find the best equivalents for each word, sentence or phrase in the target language (TL) in order to have the most accurate and meaningful translation of the text. Generally, a trans-lator's main concern is whether to prefer the form over the content or vice versa. In translation studies, literal translation prioritizes the form while free translation concentrates on the content. Literal and free translations are roughly categorized by Vinay and Darbelnet (1995) as direct and oblique translations respectively, overall covering seven concrete procedures. This study aimed to look at the works of Parvin Etesami, a 20 th century Persian poetess, with the intention of analyzing a selection of her poems translated by Alaeddin Pazargadi, professor at the University of Tehran, according to Vinay and Dar-belnet's model in order to identify the strategies and procedures most frequently used by the translator. Every Persian line and its English translation from nine poems of Parvin were analyzed and classified under the relevant taxonomy proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet. By calculating the number of cases of each procedure, it was found that the translator mostly utilized the direct strategy which resembles word for word translation. Finally, some improvements were suggested for some defective cases. This study benefits research on translating literary works.
Among translation issues, poetry translation is the most problematic area challenging both translators and authorities in the field of translation studies. Translation of poetry as a yet unanalyzed 'black box' (Francis 2006) has been a much debated issue since olden times, with many pros and cons and dichotomist reasoning as to its possibility or impossibility. This is due to the high cultural prestige of poetry which requires time, effort and ingenuity to translate traditional rhyme, rhythm structures and the figurative language involved. In the present study, a Persian piece of poetry by the contemporary Iranian poet, Musavi Garmaroodi, A. (1984) and its English translation by Vahid, D. H. (2006) will be focused upon and descriptively analyzed at both linguistic and extra linguistic levels.
Research Journal of Language and Literature Sciences, 2020
The works of Parvin Etesami, the 20 th century Persian poetess, are translated into Englishby a number of insiders and outsiders. This study investigated the English translations of selected poems of Parvin Etesami by Alaeddin Pazargadi, a native Persian speaker,from the book A Collection of Parvin Etesami's Poems, and the translation from the book A Nightingale's Lament by Heshmat Moayyad and Margaret Arent Madelung, a joint work by a native and a non-native Persianspeaker. The theoretical framework to analyze the translations was the translation model proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet which includes two primarystrategies for translation: the direct and the oblique (which take after literal versus free taxonomies, respectively) along with seven concrete procedures. Effort was made to examine the frequency of strategies and procedures employed by either translation. The results revealed that literal was the most frequent procedure utilized in both translations with a considerable difference compared to other procedures implying that both translators adopted a word-for-word approach rather than the free method of translation. However, Pazargadi, as a Persian native speaker, employed the literal procedure slightly more than the non-native translator, Margaret Arent Madelung.
Strategies Available for Translating Persian Epic Poetry: A Case of Shahnameh
Journal of Language and Translation, 2018
This study tried to find the strategies applied in three English translations of the Battle of Rostam and Esfandiyar. To this aim, the source text (ST) was analyzed verse by verse with each verse being compared with its English translations to determine what procedures the translators had used to render the source text. Subsequently, the frequency of usage for each procedure was measured to answer the research questions. Michele Jones's fourfold classification of poetry translation strategies and Reiss and Vermeer's skopos theory were used as the frameworks of this study; Jones introduces literal, approximation, adaptation , and imitation strategies, ranging from literal which is very faithful to the original form, to imitation that is very free and has little in common with the original. The analyses showed that, regardless of imitation not used in this corpus, the translators of this study had mostly rendered the ST using approximation, with adaptation being the least frequently used method. Translators' paratextual materials, including their fore-and afterwords, were used as the sources for identifying the reason for the application of each strategy. Moreover, we have concluded that, according to skopos theory, translators use different strategies according to the different functions target texts (TT) will have in the target context.
A Cultural Prospect Towards Translation of ParvinE'tesami's Poetry from Persian to English
Translation of cultural elements or culture-specific items (CSIs) is considered as one of the most hotly-debated issues in Translation Studies, so that Juliane House (2009) uses the term " cultural turnaround " and provides some plausible reasons about. Translation of cultural elements is a difficult and demanding task. In this regard, the present research examined translation of CSIs in the translation of ParvinE " tesami " s poetry done from Persian into English by AlaeddinPazargadi. For this purpose, at the outset, the concept of culture, translation, CSIs, and literary translation were discussed. Then, Aixela " s classification of translation strategies about CSIs was used as the theoretical framework of study. The methodology adopted was a qualitative type using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as the instrument. To achieve the aim of this study, 25 couplets of ParvinE " tesami along with their translations were chosen according to purposive sampling procedure and discussed at the textual and cultural-discoursal levels respectively. Results demonstrated that among the analyzed samples " linguistic (non-cultural) translation " was the prevailing strategy. Strategies like repetition and autonomous creation were not found in the process of analysis.
Journal of Language and Translation, 2019
This study was a Persian-English comparative translation investigation on the selected poems of Forough-Farrokhzad, an influential contemporary Iranian poet. Two English translations were analyzed: one by a native Persian speaker, Sholeh Wolpé, an Iranian poet and translator, and the other by a non-native Persian speaker, Jascha Kessler, an American poet, writer and translator. The translations were reviewed according to Vinay and Darbelnet's(1995) model which identifies two general translation strategies: direct and oblique, resembling literal versus free classifications, respectively, along with their supplementary procedures in order to investigate the frequency of the application of each procedure by the two translators. After situating every line of the poems in the related categories, the number of times each procedure was employed was examined. The findings indicated that both translators used the oblique strategy more than the direct one. The non-native translator, however, used the oblique strategy considerably more frequently compared to the native translator. Finally, new procedures called complementary procedures were proposed by the researchers to be added to Vinay and Darbelnet's (1995) model in order to fill the gaps in the application of strategies and procedures to the poems of Forough Farrokhzad and probably other poems.
TRANSLATION ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF POETIC DISCOURSE
Literary translation is one of the most decisive sub-fields of Translation Studies (TS) which has given rise to theoretical and practical debates among scholars. Translating literary works is actually so central to translation studies that without it much of the world's best literary works would be lost to us. According to Jackson (2003) “literary translation is a translational species in itself, but it differs in many important respects from the kind of translation practiced in a language class”. Newmark (1988) reinforces this where he asserts that “literary translation is the most testing type of translation” (p.162). The present study is an attempt to investigate the poetic translation assessment at extratextual level. Applying Vahid et al.’s Model (2008), the study compared a Persian piece of poetry by Moshiri (2003) and its English rendering by Vahid Dastjerdi (2006) to examine the closeness of the TT to the original text in terms of grammar and the poetics. The results of the study showed that such issues as literary expertise, background knowledge, and cultural knowledge are dominant features in the success of a translator when translating literature, poetry in particular, at a global (extra-textual) level. Key Words: Extra-textual meaning, Persian, English.
Translators' Dilemmas in Translating Poetry
Studies in Linguistics, Culture and FLT, 2021
Abstract: Poetry translation is considered the most challenging type of translation. Translators are faced with many dilemmas as they work on several different levels simultaneously in an attempt to preserve in the target language as many features of a particular poem as possible. This is not an easily achievable aim, especially, if the poems are products of a poetic mastermind who skilfully juggled with a range of poetic features. The study at hand aims to analyse the treatment that the poetry of one such poetic genius, Gane Todorovski, received when rendered from Macedonian into English. More precisely, given the profound differences between Macedonian and English, the study investigates how specific poetic features such as rhyme, rhythm, sound, tropes, word choice and word order have been handled in the translation. It also tries to provide answers to several common translators’ dilemmas that obligatorily emerge in the process of poetry translation. The study shows that the translators of Gane Todorovski’s poetry have been fully aware of the poetic qualities of the original poems and have made every effort to preserve them in the translation, although some losses were practically unavoidable.