UPLC-MS/MS quantitative analysis and structural fragmentation study of five Parmotrema lichens from the Eastern Ghats (original) (raw)
Related papers
2017
Parmotrema tinctorum is an edible lichen used as a spice for flavouring food. In Kerala, southern part of India, its occurrence is reported in the evergreen/sub-tropical forests at an altitude of 750-2300m especially in Wayanad and Idukki districts. Despite large collection from the forests of Kerala for use as spice, the reports on its nutritional composition is meager. In the present study, the phytochemical screening and evaluation of proximate composition of edible lichen viz. Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale (Parmeliaceae) was carried out. Phytochemical screening of P.tinctorum extracts showed presence of carbohydrates, phenols, flavanoids, tannins, terpenoids, coumarins and saponins. The powdered lichen was subjected for proximate analysis to estimate moisture, ash, total fat, total carbohydrate, crude protein and crude fibre. P. tinctorum exhibited high content of ash, crude fibre and crude protein indicating the nutritional benefits of this lichen.
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 2021
Lichens are composite species made up of a symbiotic relationship between a phycobiont and a mycobiont. Lichens usually occur in extreme environments and it can be useful to many commercial applications. Phytochemical study of extract of Parmotrema sp. was carried out in order to detect the presence of different secondary metabolites These are commonly used in South Indian cuisine, as well as Hyderabadi Biryani. It is also known as the Black Stone Flower. Parmotrema has a long history in ethanopharamaceutics.It revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Phenols, Glycoside, etc.The present study reveals about its phytochemical analysis
Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 2019
lichens may serve as the important source of such natural products with diverse applications. 9,10 What makes researchers more interested in studying lichens is the presence of unique secondary metabolites. Most of the lichen secondary metabolites are only found in lichens so also called as lichen acids. Some of the important lichen acids identified are usnic acid, evernic acid, barbatic acid, diffractaic acid, physodic acid and many more. 11,12 Many researchers had studied about the bioactive properties like antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-viral activities of different lichens and their secondary metabolites. 13-15 The main purpose of this research was to evaluate different bioactive properties such as antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of two different lichens U. longissima and P. nepalensis of Parmeliaceae family collected from Himalayan region of Nepal. Although both lichens from different locations have been studied for their chemical constituents 16,17 and bioactive properties. 18-20 Till now, research works on these lichens from Sagarmatha National Park area of Solukhumbu District of Nepal were not reported. Materials and Methods Collection of Lichens Both lichens U. longissima and P. nepalensis were collected from Sagarmatha National Park of Solukhumbu District of Nepal during the month of June-July, 2016 and identified scientifically by Prof. Dr.
Study on Chemical Constituents of the Lichen Parmotrema Tinctorum (NYL.) Hale (Parmeliaceae)
Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology, 2018
A phytochemical investigation was conducted on a foliose lichen, Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale, collected in Lam Dong province, Vietnam. Colour reactions for identification of lichen substances (+K deep yellow, +C red, +KC red, + P pale yellow) suggested the presence of atranorin, lecanoric acid, quinones, depsides, and xanthones containing two free hydroxyl groups in meta-position. Chemical constituent study led to the isolation of six compounds, including atranol (1), methyl haematomate (2), divaricatinic acid (3), methyl divaricatinate (4), atranorin (5) and lecanoric acid (6). Their structures were confirmed unambiguously by X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic data and compared with those in references.
Study on chemical constituents of the lichen Parmotrema sancti-angelii (Lynge) Hale. (Parmeliaceae)
Vietnam Journal of Chemistry, 2016
Lichens are fungal and algal/cyanobacterial symbioses resulting in the production of specific metabolites. Parmotrema sancti-angelii (Lynge) Hale is a lichen which has not been chemically and biologically studied well. From the lichen collected in Vietnam, colour reactions for identification of lichen substances (+K red, +P yellow, -C, +KC red ) suggested the presence of quinones, depsides and xanthones containing two free hydroxyl groups in meta-position, depsides and depsidones containing an aldehyde group. Chemical constituent study led to the isolation of three compounds, including methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate ( 1 ), salazinic acid ( 2) and atranorin ( 3 ). Their structures were confirmed unambiguously by X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic data and compared with those in references. This is the first report of salazinic acid distribution in such lichen. Keywords. Parmeliaceae, Parmotrema sancti-angelii , X-ray, NMR, salazinic acid.
Lichens are fungi that live in intimate symbiotic association with green algae or cyanobacteria. Nine lichen species were collected and identified as Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Ach., Roccella montagnei Bèl. Emend. Awas., Teloschistes flavicans (Swartz) Norm., Physcia aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Furnr., Parmotrema austrosinensis (Zahlbr.) Hale, P. grayanum (Hue) Hale, P. tinctorum Nyl., P. reticulatum (Taylor) Choisy and Usnea subflorida (Zahlbr.) Motyka. From which 45 extracts were prepared using Petroleum ether, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Acetone and Methanol solvents. Preliminary phytochemical screening for the presence of Tannins, Alkaloids, Saponins, Glycosides, Flavonoids, Proteins, Triterpenes, Carbohydrates and Steroids was carried out on aforesaid extracts. Important phytochemicals like Tannins, Proteins, Carbohydrates and Steroids were present in most of the lichen extracts tested. Petroleum ether and Chloroform extracts did not show any phytochemicals. Saponins were present ...
Isolation, Purification and Application of Secondary Metabolites From Lichen Parmelia Perlata
Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia, 2017
ABSTRACT: Lichens are composite algae having a symbiotic association with a fungal partner. They produce numerous secondary metabolites, which play an important role in pharmaceutical and in other industrial applications. The Secondary metabolites produced by lichens are found to be 80% more when compared to that produced by other organisms. Not much work has been carried out on lichens due to the difficulty in their cultivation but still it emerges as a potential source in developing therapeutically important drugs which are widely beneficial in all fields of application. The Present study was aimed to isolate, purify and determine the applications of secondary metabolites from Lichen Parmelia perlata. The presence of these compounds were detected and purified by thin layer chromatography and column chromatography using specific solvent systems. The purified fractions were then identified by Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The compounds were then subjected to applicat...
Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 2020
Lichens are unique organisms consisting fungi and algae in symbiotic association. 1 The bioavailability of lichen is diverse; they are found in high mountains and desert as well and some can make stones and trees as their substratum. Lichens have been used by human from the ancient time to fulfill their basic needs such as food, medicines, decoration, making dyes, cosmetic products etc. 2 Lichens produce several secondary metabolites which exhibit important biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antidiabetic and antiproliferative. 3-6 Due to these diverse activities, many scientists around the world are being attracted towards the identification, isolation and purification of lichen metabolites. The major secondary metabolites found in lichens are dibenzofurans (e.g., usnic acid), depsides (e.g., gyophoric acid), depsidones (norstictic acid), xanthones and terpene derivatives. 7 Phenolic compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids, and vitamins are also the major secondary metabolites in lichens which exhibit potential antioxidant activities. These secondary metabolites can scavenge
Some Phenolic Compounds of Lichen Parmotrema Planatilobatum (Hale) Hale (Parmeliaceae)
Science and Technology Development Journal, 2011
Parmotrema planatilobatum (Hale) Hale is a lichen which has not been chemically and biologically studied. From the lichen collected in Viet Nam, seven compounds were isolated, including methyl β-orsellinate (1), methyl orsellinate (2), orsellinic acid (3), methyl haematommate (4), atranorin (5), lecanoric acid (6) and (+)-(12R)-usnic acid (7). The structures of these compounds were
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2017
Lichens are a large group of valuable lower plants with unique features and diverse applications worldwide such as in medicine, cosmetics, food, and textile industries. They are also well known for their potential in observing climate and environmental monitoring. Their successful exploitations require reliable analytical methods to check and maintain quality and efficacy of the products based on them. This study focuses on the development of a sensitive and reliable quantification method for the analysis of important depsides, depsidones, dibenzofuran and monocyclic phenols inseven known and an unidentified lichen species. Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) approach using UHPLC-QqQ-MS instrument was employed for the development of the quantitative method. Both LC and MS parameters were optimized to ensure maximum separation. High sensitivity, and selectivity. LODs and LOQs were found to be in the range of 2.1-71.5ng/mL and 6.3-212.9ng/mL, respectively. The accuracy (% bias) and pre...