Assessment of the change in river discharge-carrying capacity using remote sensing geographic information system: a case study of Ofu river, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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The morphometric characteristics of a river basin are very important factors in watershed hydrology. The morphometric analysis of the Ofu River sub-basin was carried out in this study to assess its morphologic and hydrological characteristics as well as its flood potentials based on the morphological characteristics. The study was carried out using remotely sensed spatial data analysed using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The morphometric parameters analysed were the areal, linear, and relief aspects of the sub-basin. The results showed that Ofu river sub-basin covers a total area of 1604.56 km 2 and a perimeter of 556.98 km covering parts of Kogi and Enugu States in Nigeria. The sub-basin has 3rd order river network based on the Strahler's classification with a dendritic drainage pattern and moderate drainage texture. The values of bifurcation ratio, drainage density, circularity ratio, elongation ratio, form factor, stream frequency and drainage intensity indicate that the sub-basin is elongated and would produce a flatter peak of direct runoff for a longer duration implying that the sub-basin is morphometrically less susceptible to flood and that any flood flow that may emanate from it would be easy to manage.
Journal of Atmospheric Science Research, 2021
In watershed hydrology, the morphometric features of a river basin are vital to examine the lower Orashi River basin morphological and hydrological aspects, as well as its flood potential, based on their morphometric characteristics using remotely sensed SRTM data that was analyzed with ArcGIS software. The areal, linear, and relief aspects of the Orashi River basin were examined as morphometric parameters. The lower Orashi river basin, according to the findings, has a total size of 625.61 km2 and a perimeter of 307.98 km, with a 5th order river network based on Strahler categorization and a dendritic drainage pattern. Because of low drainage density, the drainage texture is very fine, the relief is low, and the slope is very low. Bifurcation ratio, circularity ratio, drainage density aspect ratio, form factor, and stream frequency values indicate that the basin is less elongated and would produce surface runoff for a longer period, while topographic changes show that the river is d...
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Colorado School of Mines. Arthur Lakes Library, 2020
Globally, there has been a rise in geologic hazards such as flooding. A rise, which has often been attributed to climate change. First world countries especially the United States of America have well-structured ground and space-based flood monitoring systems through which data are obtained to provide real-time flood prediction and warnings to stakeholders. However, developing regions of the world mostly suffer the devastating effect of flooding due to a lack of adequate flood monitoring systems to provide accurate flood warnings. Land-use changes associated with an increase in impervious surface resulting from vegetation loss and/or replacement of flood plains and wetland with pavements are known to increase flood intensity. Hence, knowing how land cover changes affect floods in an area is therefore crucial to mitigating it and so is knowing the flood hazard level for these areas. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment data (GRACE) storage-based Flood Potential Index (FPI) at correctly predicting floods in Nigeria with a focus on its efficacy at predicting past floods in the country. A newly derived Water Budget-based FPI was assessed and compared to the GRACE-FPI in terms of its capability to predict floods in the Mississippi River basin in the USA. Finally, the influence of changes in LULC on flooding was assessed for Lagos State using satellite datasets.
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Floodplain mapping of Rima River Using GIS and Remote Sensing (Argungu Axis, Nigeria.
IOSR Journals , 2019
The world has recorded severaldisasters within this decade, most of which are deadly, apart from lives and propertieslost, Billions of dollars have been wasted and used to build camps and relocation of victims. One of the commonest of them is flood. In Asia, Europe, Africa and Arab Nation this menace as being a serious threat to national development. Argungu is well-known town for its Argungu Fishing festival, this same local government has experienced several degree of flood. This paper seeks to provide one of the solution that can assist in solving problem of flood by providing the floodplain map of Argungu local government of Nigeria. The GIS and Remote Sensing method was used. Landsat Image and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM Data were downloaded from USGS Earth Explorer. Subsetting (Clipping), correction for cloud cover and atmospheric effect was made, the image was classified into four classes using the supervised classification approach. These areCommunities, Water, Fadama and Farmland. This will assist in knowing the area of flooding, The flood risk zone are classified into four namely:-High Flood Risk Zone, Average Flood Risk zone, Low Flood Risk zone and Very Low Flood Risk zone. It was observed that, the High Flood risk zone with land coverage of 7,888.026Heacatres, Average Flood Risk Zone with 8268.818 Hectares, Low flood risk Zone with 8807.854 hectares and Very low flood risk Zone with 9,3723,152. Some of the villages are within the high Risk zone, which is dangerous to their lives and properties. The built environment with the high flood risk zone can be relocated to avert any disaster in the future. It could therefore be concluded that Floodplain Mapping is very essential in order to sustain any meaningful Local, State, National and international development.