Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Neck Disability Index and Neck Pain and Disability Scale (original) (raw)

Objective. Catastrophizing is a maladaptive response to pain and is one of the factors that contribute to the chronicity of some pain syndromes. The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) assists both treatment planning and outcome assessment. Its use is limited in Portuguese-speaking countries because of the lack of a validated translated version. We conducted the validation of the Brazilian Portuguese (BP)-PCS and explored its psychometric properties. This study reports the internal consistency, factor structure, and its capability to discriminate pain reported by patients with specific chronic pain conditions. Methods. Three hundred eighty-four patients, 317 women (82.55%), aged 18-79 years with chronic nonmalignant pain attending an outpatient multidisciplinary pain center participated in this crosssectional study. The instruments were the BP-PCS, pain intensity, pain interference in functional capacity, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. One subsample with chronic tensional headache (CTH) according to the criteria of the International Headache Society (N = 19), and another with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria (N = 50) were selected to assess the discriminative properties of BP-PCS. Results. We observed good internal consistency (Cronbach's a values of 0.91 for the total BP-PCS, and 0.93 [helplessness], 0.88 [magnification], and 0.86 [rumination] for the respective subdomains). The item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.91 to 0.94. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the three factors structure, with the comparative fit index = 0.98, root mean square error of approximation = 0.09, and normed fit index = 0.98. Significant correlations were found for pain intensity, pain interference, and patient's mood (correlation coefficients ranged from 0.48 to 0.66, P < 0.01). No significant gender difference was observed for bs_bs_banner

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