Previous experience of family violence and intimate partner violence in pregnancy (original) (raw)
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Human Reproduction Archives, 2022
Objective: To identify the prevalence and characteristics related to violence during the gestational period. Methods: A cross-sectional study performed at a Maternity Hospital in the city of Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil. The population was composed of 360 postpartum women who were questioned about the occurrence of physical or sexual violence during pregnancy. Cases of violence committed by an intimate partner or other aggressors were considered. The instrument used was the Portuguese version of the Abuse Assessment Screen, applied confidentially. We used the prevalence of 20% violence against women during pregnancy estimated by the World Health Organization, with absolute error of 5%, significance level of 5% and test power of 80%. The data were analyzed with the Epinfo program, version 3.5.2. Pearson's chi-square test was used, with a p-value of <0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, ABC Medial School, N. 391,622. Results: Sexual violence 19.2% (69) surpassed the prevalence of physical violence 7.8% (28) among pregnant women who were surveyed. The common variable that showed relevance among women who suffered physical and sexual violence was low income in 96.4% and 78.2%, respectively. Conclusions: While a variety of factors influence gestational violence, low income women had higher rates of exposure to the cycle of violence in this population.
Factors Related to Domestic Violence in Pregnant Women
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015
Introduction: Domestic violence is, according to the World Health Organization, a public health problem, of increased severity during pregnancy, affecting the health of the woman and the fetus. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors related to domestic violence during pregnancy. Research Methods: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational study with a non-probability convenience sample consisting of 852 postpartum women, of whom 370 were victims of domestic violence according to criteria adopted by the modified scale of prevalence data collected between February and June 2012 in two Portuguese public institutions of health, one in the Central Region and the other in Greater Lisbon. Findings: The prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy was 43.4%. Predictive factors were the immigrant partner/spouse (p<0.001), with academic qualifications 9 years (p<0.001) and unemployed (p<0.001); 1000 euros monthly income (p<0.001) and good agglomeration index (p=0.002); planned pregnancy (p<0.001), but not monitored (p<0.001). Conclusion: Domestic violence during pregnancy is highly prevalent being more frequent among partners of socioeconomically disadvantaged classes, in families with few members, who despite planning the pregnancy, do not do a proper surveillance. This knowledge of improper surveillance of maternal and fetal health should function as a warning sign for the health professionals of a need for an early intervention.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2008
OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with domestic violence against pregnant women. METHODS: Interviews were conducted with 1,379 pregnant women undergoing antenatal care in basic health care units of the Brazilian Health System, within the municipality of Campinas (Southeastern Brazil). A structured questionnaire on domestic violence, validated in Brazil, was applied between July 2004 and July 2006. The fi rst and second interviews in a cohort study were analyzed. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analysis of the data were conducted. RESULTS: Psychological violence was reported by 19.1% (n=263) of the total sample of pregnant women and physical/sexual violence was reported by 6.5% (n=89) of them. The factors associated to psychological violence were: adolescent intimate partner (p<0.019) and the pregnant woman had witnessed physical aggression before she was 15 years old (p<0.001). The factors associated to physical/sexual violence were: diffi culties encountered by the pregnant woman in attending her antenatal appointments (p<0.014), intimate partner uses drugs (p<0.015) and does not work (p<0.048). The factors associated to psychological and physical/ sexual violence were: low level of education of the interviewee (p<0.013 and p<0.020, respectively), the pregnant woman being responsible for the family (p<0.001 and p=0.017, respectively) pregnant woman had suffered physical aggression during childhood (p<0.029 and p<0.038, respectively), presence of common mental disorder (p<0.001) and intimate partner consumes alcoholic beverage twice or more weekly. (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of different categories of domestic violence by an intimate partner during pregnancy was found as well as different factors associated with them. Appropriate mechanisms are necessary, particularly in primary health care, to identify and deal with domestic violence during pregnancy.
Domestic violence in pregnancy: prevalence and characteristics of the pregnant woman
Journal of clinical nursing, 2017
To determine the prevalence of domestic violence (physical, psychological or sexual) during pregnancy and to characterise these women. Pregnant women are not immune to domestic violence (DV) and therefore may be subject to any form of physical, psychological or sexual violence by partners. Health professionals' knowledge and awareness is important in the identification and intervention of pregnant women who experience domestic violence. Quantitative, descriptive, correlational study, using a non-probabilistic convenience sample consisting of a total of 852 postpartum women, of whom 370 were experiencing domestic violence according to the criteria adopted through the modified scale of prevalence, applied between February and June 2012 in two Portuguese public health institutions. Authorisation was given by the Ethics Committees/Administration Councils of both institutions involved and the National Committee of Data Protection. The prevalence of DV during pregnancy was 43.4% (phys...
Latin American Journal of Development, 2022
Introduction: Violence against women during pregnancy is recognized as a violation of human rights and reproductive rights, and a serious public health problem. Its prevalence is variable and has a multifactorial cause, requiring permanent monitoring. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted at the Hospital of Mandaqui, São Paulo, Brazil. The Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) was applied to 350 puerperium women, with the outcome of suffering or not physical violence during pregnancy, between September and December 2021. Sociodemographic and reproductive data were considered. We used urn technique, with data were pre-coded, and EpiInfo® analysis by Pearson chi-square and Mann Whitney, adopting p<0.05 and 95% CI value. Research approved by the Research Ethics Committee, CAAE no. 50580421.5.0000.5551. Results: We found 13 cases of physical violence (3.7%) and sample loss of 18.9%. Women with physical violence during pregnancy showed lower mean age (27.7±8.24 x 37.3±6.28); less work (15.4% x 45.1%. p=0.034, OR/
Domestic violence against pregnant women Violência doméstica na gravidez
2015
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/19820194201500045 Hospital Maternidade Leonor Mendes de Barros, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Conflicts of interest: the authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. Abstract Objective: To characterize domestic violence in pregnancy. Method: Cross-sectional, exploratory and analytical study of domestic violence with 385 women who attended a public maternity. The Chi-square test of Pearson and Fisher exact test were used to verify associations and considering significant results p<0.05. Data of the sociodemographic characteristics of women, partners and family members and items of “Abuse Assessment Screen-AAS” were collected. Results: Domestic violence compromised 36.9% of women at some point in life and 34.6% during pregnancy. Prevalence rates were due to psychological (97.1%), physical (48.7%) and sexual (4.9%) violence and the partner was the main aggressor. The following ...
Violence against women before and during gestation: differences in prevalence rates and perpetrators
Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil, 2020
Objectives: to analyze differences in prevalence and perpetrators of violence against women before and during pregnancy. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 1,446 pregnant women interviewed in 2010 and 2011 in the São Luís municipality (Brazil). Thirteen questions measured psychological, physical and sexual violence in the 12 months before and during pregnancy. Psychological/physical/sexual violence was defined as any type of violence perpetrated against the interviewees. The perpetrators were categorized into intimate partner, other family members, community members, and multiple perpetrators. Differences between violence before and during pregnancy were analyzed by the chi-square test. Results: psychological/physical/sexual and psychological violence were more prevalent during pregnancy than before gestation (p<0.001). Insults, humiliation and intimidation (p<0.05) were more frequently reported during pregnancy. An intimate partner was the most frequent...
Intimate partner violence and unintended pregnancy: prevalence and associated factors
Cadernos De Saude Publica, 2013
This study investigated the association between unintended pregnancy and intimate partner violence before pregnancy. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,054 women, aged 18 to 49, in Recife, Northeastern Brazil, from July 2005 to March 2006. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was performed with a hierarchical strategy for entering variables into the model, according to the conceptual framework defined. Unintended pregnancy was reported by 60.3% (636) women. Intimate partner violence prior to the pregnancy was associated with unintended pregnancy (OR adj = 1.57; 95%CI: 1.17-2.11), even when adjusted for the women's sociodemographic characteristics, the partner's behaviour, and the relationship dynamic. When the association was adjusted for the use of contraception and the partner's refusal to use contraception, the association was no longer significant, suggesting that the effect of partner violence on unintended pregnancy may be mediated by these variables. The findings point to the need of screening for intimate partner violence in reproductive health services.
Frequency and pattern of intimate partner violence before, during and after pregnancy
Revista De Saude Publica, 2011
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and analyze the pattern of intimate partner violence, before and during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. METHODS: This was a cohort study undertaken on 960 women aged 18 to 49 years, who were registered in the Family Health Program of the city of Recife, Northeastern Brazil, between 2005 and 2006. The women were interviewed during pregnancy and in the postpartum period, using a questionnaire adapted from the World Health Organization's Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence. To assess the pattern of intimate partner violence occurrences between a given time period and the subsequent period, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confi dence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: The prevalence of intimate partner violence before, during and/or after pregnancy was estimated to be 47.4%. For the three periods separately, it was 32.4%, 31.0% and 22.6% respectively. The women who reported violence before pregnancy were 11.6 times more likely to report violence during pregnancy (95%CI: 8.3;16.2). When the women reported violence during pregnancy, the chance of reports in the postpartum period was 8.2 times higher (95%CI: 5.1;11.7). Psychological violence was more prevalent, especially during pregnancy (28.8%; 95%CI: 26.0%;31.7%). Sexual violence was less prevalent, especially after delivery (3.7%; 95%CI: 2.6%;5.0%). Physical violence diminished by almost 50% during pregnancy, in comparison with the preceding period. CONCLUSIONS: A signifi cant proportion of women of reproductive age experience situations of intimate partner violence. The periods of prenatal and childcare consultations are opportunities for healthcare professionals to identify situations of violence.
Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 2014
This observational, descriptive and analytic study aimed to identify the prevalence of IPV cases among pregnant women and classify them according to the type and frequency; identify the obstetric and neonatal results and their associations with the intimate partner violence (IPV) occurrence in the current pregnancy. It was developed with 232 pregnant women who had prenatal care at a public maternity hospital. Data were collected via structured interview and in the patients’ charts and analyzed through the statistic software SAS® 9.0. Among the participants, 15.5% suffered IPV during pregnancy, among that 14.7% suffered psychological violence, 5.2% physical violence and 0.4% sexual violence. Women who did not desire the pregnancy had more chances of suffering IPV (p<0.00; OR=4.32 and 95% CI [1.77 – 10.54]). With regards to the obstetric and neonatal repercussions, there was no statistical association between the variables investigated. Thus, for the study participants there were n...