FOREST-BASED LIVELIHOOD AMONG TRIBAL WOMEN IN SOUTH ODISHA: PROSPECTS, CONSTRAINTS, AND POSSIBILITIES (original) (raw)
The forest-based economy is generally considered as a women's economy. Women are the primary gatherer of forest products. They collect the forest products for daily household consumption as well as for their livelihood. Their life and economy are completely interconnected with the forest, which directly impacts their socioeconomic and cultural life. In a nutshell, their life and livelihood are completely dependent factors on the forest, which poses many risks and challenges for their survival. Although several programs and policies have been formulated to support their livelihood, there is still no visible impact reflected in their socioeconomic lives. The research paper aims to explore various attributes of the forest-based activities among ST women in the Koraput district of Odisha like; their affiliation to the group, utilization of money derived from forest-based livelihood, and challenges that they face in forest-based livelihood. The paper also attempts to describe the potential forest products where entrepreneurship can be created among the tribal population by tapping their resources without much investment. Further, the paper intends to describe the government programs meant for entrepreneurship development in rural and tribal areas. Both primary and secondary data have been collected for this paper. Primary data are collected directly from the respondents who are depending upon forest products using a structured interview schedule and seasonal calendar as the participatory research method. The primary data reflects 93% of the respondents don't have any group that deals with forest-based activities. A majority, i.e., 93% of the respondent have not received any training related to forest products. 80% of the respondents fell financially well by doing forest-based livelihood activities. 83% of the respondents face challenges in forest-based activities out of which the majority of them are due to a lack of technical guidance for value addition and marketing. The paper concludes with some constructive recommendations for strengthening the socioeconomic life of tribal women at the grassroots level respecting their interdependence with the forest.
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