Sentential Negation in English and Izon Languages (original) (raw)
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The Position Of Sentential Negation In English And Chakma
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According to the recent study of generative syntax, negation is a functional category in the syntactic structure within the language. NegP as a functional category occurs at different hierarchical positions cross-linguistically the board as matter of fact relating to cross-linguistic variation or parametric variation. Keeping in mind this parametric difference as traced in the above mentioned recent researches in Generative Syntax, an attempt in the present article will be taken to observe the position of negative in two typologically different languages, namely English and Chakma, in following sections. It will deal with the position of negation in English and Chakma and its position in Chakma VP structure.
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This research analyzes the structural differences and similarities between different kinds of English negation and their Albanian correspondents. These dissimilarities and similarities are regarded as one of the causes of difficulties that the Albanian EFL classroom learners may encounter while learning the different types of English negation. With an effort to raise teachers’ awareness of possible errors that Albanian EFL learners may produce when acquiring different negative forms, the language transfer is noticed. Therefore, Odlin (1989) clearly notes that language transfer plays an important role in second language acquisition. The contrastive analysis has been carried out on the data on English negation collected from fictional discourse and their translation correspondents into Albanian. In addition, the study also involves the error analysis of a test given to 80 Albanian speaking students of “Pançe Popovski” high school in Gostivar, in the year 2012. The results obtained fro...
Term Paper: An Analysis of ICLE Data This paper investigates the use of English negation in the interlanguage used by German learners of English as a foreign language.
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This very rich and comprehensive monograph presents a study of the expression of negation in a large array of languages, mostly but not exclusively from the Indo-European family. Henriëtte de Swart's aim is to provide an analysis of the cross-linguistic variation found with respect to negation, using a model based on Optimality Theory (OT). The choice of this model is motivated by its applicability to the syntax-semantics interface, that is, it is said to offer a unified perspective on both the syntactic and semantic contributions of negation, or the speaker (production) and hearer (interpretation) contributions in negative forms/meanings. As such, the book embarks on a clearly innovative enterprise, which encourages the reader to view the strikingly diverse phenomena involved in negation from a different perspective. Wide-scope OT accounts are-to my knowledge-extremely scarce ; and although recent contributions to the study of negation, both from a syntactic and from a semantic point of view, have added to our understanding of the phenomenon, few researchers have attempted to tackle the complex issue of the syntax-semantics interface of negation, especially when working within a large-scale typological investigation. De Swart's book is divided into six chapters and a conclusion. The first two chapters provide the empirical and formal background. Chapter 1, ' Negation in a cross-linguistic perspective ', presents an overview of the central issues of negation. It provides an in-depth discussion of typological and diachronic variation in sentential negation. It also introduces the muchdebated question of the nature of negative expressions. In the existing literature, negative expressions have been assigned various interpretations, having been analysed as negative quantifiers, indefinites in the scope of negation, or even as ambiguous between the two readings (see the references in the book). De Swart argues that 'n-words ' (Laka 1990
Pedagogical Application of a Linguistic Analysis of Negation in Jejueo
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The Journal of Studies in Language 36.1, 073-092. This paper aims to integrate linguistic analysis into grammar teaching in the modern-language classroom on Jeju Island by examining how negation in Jejueo, the province's traditional language, could be taught to native speakers of Korean. 1) In adopting the assumption that knowledge of a first language influences acquisition of a second language, a comparative analysis of the properties of negation in Jejueo and Korean is provided. The overview of negation in Jejueo (based on previous linguistic work) and the sample lesson plan that accompanies it offer teachers a potential model for developing lesson plans for teaching Jejueo in the schools of Jeju Island.
A contrastive analysis of negation in Albanian and English language
This paper intended to compare negation in English language to their correspondent in Albanian language. It elaborated on the process of negation in each language in turn which were also accompanied by various examples. Since, negation is a very basic and crucial concept in any language, investigated by various linguists, and considering the fact that the two languages compared are generally considered to belong to different branches of the Indo-European language family, it was deemed as a topic worthy of comparison. The paper encountered similar aspects including negations in both languages, yet a number of differences were encountered as well. Hence, it was discovered that in both of these two languages the main distinction of negation was similar differing only by the terms being used. In Albanian language it is indicated as complete and partial negation whereas in English as clause and constituent negation. It can also be suggested that some of the structures used in various types of Albanian negation may be considered as corresponding structures to that of English negation, however, there are some differences in structural patterns. Negation in Albanian language is characterized by a larger use of negative markers compared to those used in English. Since there is a lack of contrastive analyses between these languages, especially on negation, this paper will result as helpful to linguists or learners who desire to study these languages; it will increase awareness and perhaps facilitate the learning and understanding of negation in both languages.
Second language Research, 1997
Institute for Advanced Study (NIAS); I am grateful to have been given the opportunity to live and work in this unique environment. Different versions of this paper were presented at NIAS and the universities of Hamburg, Paris III, Amsterdam, and Lund. I want to thank the audiences for their helpful discussions. I owe special thanks to Susanne E. Carroll and to Bonnie D. Schwartz for their detailed and insightful comments on this work; needless to say that this does not imply that they agree with what I say.
Negation in English, Arabic and Kurdish: A Contrastive Study
ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
The present study focuses on the points of similarities and differences found in English, Arabic and Kurdish languages in terms of negation. The three languages belong to different families and they all exist in the researchers own country (Iraq). Arabic is spoken natively in the middle, the western and the southern parts. Kurdish is spoken natively in the northern part called Kurdistan Region. English is a foreign language in all parts of Iraq. All the three languages under study are taught as school subjects all over Iraq in general and higher education. Negation is dealt with in the three languages mentioned above in terms of word negation and sentence negation. Word negation discusses the way in which a word is negated, i.e., how prefixes and suffixes are used to reverse the meaning of the word an affix is added to. Sentence negation is dealt with in terms of how the affirmative declarative sentence is negated in all the three languages mentioned above. Findings show that negati...
2016. Negation and Negative Dependencies. Annual Review of Linguistics 2: 233-254.
Languages may vary greatly in the way they express negation. Most languages exploit specifically designated negative markers, such as English not. Many languages may also use negative indefinites (such as English nobody or nothing) to express negation. The behavior of these negative indefinites is subject to crosslinguistic variation: In some languages, negative markers and negative indefinites cannot express a single semantic negation (nobody didn't come means that everybody came and not that nobody came), but in other languages they can. Languages with these properties, such as Italian, are called Negative Concord languages. In this review, I discuss the difference between negative indefinites in languages that exhibit Negative Concord and languages that do not. I also compare the behaviors of negative indefinites in languages that exhibit Negative Concord and so-called Negative Polarity Items. This article provides an accurate overview of recent developments in the study of negation and negative dependencies.
Double Negation in English and Ukrainian: a View from Cognitive Linguistics and a SLA Context
Double Negation in English and Ukrainian: a View from Cognitive Linguistics and a SLA Context, 2018
Irrespective of the fact that two negations in the same clause usually cancel each other out and result in an affirmative sentence, the phenomenon of double negation in English is still a disputable problem. These aspects all lead to linguistic complexity of double negation in SLA followed by a description of its relevant characteristics and contradictory aspects in English and Ukrainian. This study aims to establish a cognitive model of double negation as understatement via a mitigation operation as regards its specific contextual effects and to explore the impact of the language of instruction on the linguistic complexity of double negation to the learner of English. Within the theory of negation, this research applies the hypothesis to the assumption that English is the main language of instruction for a Ukrainian learner, and how L2 learners' comprehension and production of double negation occur. The hypothesis is empirically tested against the English sentences with their Ukrainian equivalents and the tasks in the questionnaire written by learners of English. The results of my research suggest that when learners interpret L2 sentences with more than one negative element we identify both similar and different double negatives in a students' first and second language that influence enhanced awareness of double negation and which is important for successful L2 comprehension and use.