Biological Investigations of Dried Fruit of Solanum nigrum Linn (original) (raw)
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Biological Investigations of Dried Fruit of Solanum nigrum Linn
Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2011
The ethanolic extract of the dried fruit of Solanum nigrum Linn. (Family: Solanaceae) was assessed for its possible analgesic, antidiarrhoeal, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract revealed the presence of carbohydrate, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, glycosides, and gums. In acetic acid induced writhing in mice, the ethanolic extract (250 and 500mg/kg) exhibited significant (p<0.05 & p<0.01) inhibition of writhing reflex 51.39% and 66.67% respectively compared to standard diclofenac sodium. The fruit extract showed a significant (P<0.01 and P<0.001) antidiarrhoeal activity against castor oil induce diarrhoea in mice in which it decreased the frequency of defecation and increased the mean latent period at the dose of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg body weight. The ethanolic extract showed moderate antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In the qualitative antioxidant assay ...
Evaluation of activities of Solanum nigrum fruit extract
Archives of Applied Science Research, 2009
The present study was designed to evaluate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of ethanolic extract of fruits of Solanum nigrum plant belonging to Solanaceae family. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was evaluated by using Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema while analgesic activity of the extract was evaluated for its central and peripheral pharmacological actions by using Eddy's hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing respectively. The study was carried out using doses of 100, 250 & 500 mg/kg orally. The extract showed significant analgesic and antiinflammatory activity at the dose of 500 mg/kg (P<0.01) as compare to standard drug Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). The plant extract significantly inhibited the S. aureus and B. sublitis (Gram +ve) at all the tested concentrations (100, 75, 50 and 25mg/ml) as compare to standard drug Ciprofloxacin (20 µg/ml) whereas the extract failed to show inhibitory effect against E. coli and P. aeruginosa (Gram-ve) at a concentration of 25mg/ml. The extract also showed significant inhibitory effect against C. albicans at all concentrations except at 25mg/ml as compare to standard drug Amphotericin B (100µg/ml).
Qeios, 2024
Solanum nigrum is a traditional Chinese bush renowned for its dynamic therapeutic activities in the Indian and Chinese systems of medicine. It is a typical, palatable herbal remedy that belongs to the family Solanaceae. This overview assembles the prospective pharmacological and medicinal significance of the last three decades' accomplishments of scholarly reports from internet sources and publications. According to several literature reviews, Solanum nigrum encompasses a variety of phytochemical compounds that could be isolated and identified using various extraction techniques. The major chemical components of this herb are alkaloids, glycoproteins, polysaccharides, and phenolic compounds with a broad spectrum of pharmacological outcomes such as anticancer, immunostimulant, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiviral, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, antidiarrheal, cardioprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, antiulcerogenic, hepatoprotective, anti-seizure, anti-larvicidal, anti-allergic, anti-asthmatic, and neuropharmacological efficacy. Recently, scientists and researchers have been searching for potentially biologically active plants due to the increasing toxicity and adverse effects of modern synthetic drugs. As every part of Solanum nigrum contains a variety of therapeutically active phytochemicals, it could be a significant source for scientists to conduct further research and discover the proper mechanism for preventing diseases. In conclusion, Solanum nigrum emerges as a valuable Qeios, CC-BY 4.
2016
Medicinal plants are being used as traditional medicines to cure several infectious and non-infectious diseases because of their products are safe in contrast to the synthetic medicines that are considered as unsafe to human including other animals and environment. We selected Solanum nigrum L. (Makoi) which belongs to family Solanaceae to evaluate antimicrobial activities against six pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Enterobacter aerogens. Phytochemical analysis of the plant (crude extract of leaves, fruits and stems) showed the presence saponins, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoides, flavonoides and steroids etc. The extract of leaves, fruits and stemsprepared using five different solvents (hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethanol and water) showed antimicrobial activates against all selected pathogenic bacteria. But water extract of leaves, acetone extract of fruits and hexane extract of stems showed maximum zone of inhibition such as21.30±1.50 , 16.67±0.58 and 14.30±1.52 respectively against Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Thus, we can say that S. nigrum possess broad spectrum antimicrobial activities against several pathogenic bacteria and can be used clinically to find novel antibacterial compounds for various diseases.
This article reveals the qualitative analysis of different metabolites, seven heavy metals concentration and antioxidant activity of the fruit of Solanum nigrum (L). Qualitative analysis is very essential for identifying the various classes of compounds present in the medicinal plants. Solanum nigrum (L) is an important herbaceous medicinal plant belongs to Solanacae family. Phytochemical screening of the crude extracts revealed the presence of secondary compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and tainns. Also the concentration of seven heavy metals Zinc (Zn), Cobalt (Co), Lead (Pb), Nickle (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) were determined. On comparison the concentration of all metals were high in Solanum nigram. The iron was in high amount 46.46 mg/L, while cobalt was in less amount 0.082 mg/L in Solanum nigram. The fruit extract show a good antioxidant activity at low concentration at 20 and 40 ppm.
Ethno-pharmacological activity of Solanum nigrum
The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2018
Natural products from plants are rich sources used for treating a number of diseases. In this modern era, the knowledge and experience of the usage of herbs are being blend with advanced technology to develop a safe and elegant herbal product. Hence herbal medicines are the staple of medical treatment in many developing countries. Ethno-medicines deal with the use of several health promoting cultural practices and the use of natural products for the prevention and treatment of diseases, as well as for the maintenance of optimal physical and emotional health. Solanum nigrum ("black nightshade") plays an important role in traditional medicines which is a widely used in oriental medicine where it is considered to be an anti-tumorigenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and antipyretic agent. The juice of the plant used on ulcers and other skin diseases & the fruits are used as a laxative, appetite stimulant, and for treating asthma and "excessive thirst". It is also confirmed through several experiments that the plant inhibits growth of cervical carcinoma. Upon the administration of crude ethanol extract of S. nigrum for longer duration on protein content of liver and kidney at the level of 250mg/kg b. wt. for three, five and seven days respectively revealed a significant increase in protein contents of kidney and liver. Due to having many therapeutically active properties, it creates an interest for its extraction. In this article we will highlight on the ethno pharmacological relevance, extraction procedure, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, phytochemical screening of Solanum nigrum.
Phytochemical, physiochemical screening and antioxidant activity of the fruit of Solanum Nigrum
This article reveals the qualitative analysis of different metabolites, seven heavy metals concentration and anti oxidant activity of the fruit of Solanum nigrum (L). Qualitative analysis is very essential for identifying the various classes of compounds present in the medicinal plants. Solanum nigrum (L) is an important herbaceous medicinal plant belongs to Solanacae family. Phytochemical screening of the crude extracts revealed the presence of secondary compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and tainns. Also the concentration of seven heavy metals Zinc (Zn), Cobalt (Co), Lead (Pb), Nickle (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) were determined. On comparison the concentration of all metals were high in Solanum nigram. The iron was in high amount 46.46 mg/L, while cobalt was in less amount 0.082 mg/L in Solanum nigram. The fruit extract show a good antioxidant activity at low concentration at 20 and 40 ppm.
International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2013
Moringa oleifera Lam. belonging to the Moringaceae family is a highly valued plant, distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics. It's some of the common names include Horseradish tree, Drumstick tree, Benzolive tree, Shajna, Nugge mara and Sigru. The bark is widely used as emmenagouge, rubefacient, anticancerous, antitubercular, antifungal, cardiac and circulatory stimulant. It is necessary to ascertain the authenticity of this crude drug when it is used for therapeutic purpose. Hence, the present study was under taken for systematic pharmacognostical evaluation of the bark of the plant with respect to macroscopy, microscopy and physico-chemical parameters. The TLC profile was developed for petroleum ether and ethanolic extract of the bark. Preliminary phytochemical investigation indicated the presence of carbohydrates, triterpenoids, isothiocynate glycosides, tannins and steroids. These established parameters could be used in identification and authentication of the crude drug.
A review of the pharmacological aspects of Solanum nigrum Linn.
This article reviews, bridges the gap between the folkloric use of Solanum nigrum linn. (Sn) and the results of evidence based experiments. Although Sn is a rich source of one of plants most dreaded toxins solanine, it has appreciably demonstrated its potential as a reservoir of antioxidants having hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, cytostatic, anti-convulsant, anti-ulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. The review encompasses in-vitro, in vivo and clinical studies done on Sn, while examining whether or not correct scientific measures have been taken in generating experimental evidences for its traditional uses. This review would afford research scientist to know how much is known and what is left undone in the investigation of Sn.
Applied Sciences
This study evaluated in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and antioxidant activities of methanolic leaf and root extracts from Solanum nigrum L. and determined its chemical composition. The chemical profile of S. nigrum L. extract was tested using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Disc diffusion and microdilution assays were used for the antibacterial activities. Antifungal activity was measured using the poisoned food technique. In vitro activity on the cell culture model was assessed by MTT assay, viability measurement and by determination of cellular ROS by DCFDA assay. The minimal inhibitory concentrations for extracts from aerial parts ranged from 125 to 500 μg/mL for gram-positive cocci and Pectobacterium strains. The growth inhibition coefficient ranged from 17–56%, depending on the dosage. The antifungal effect of S. nigrum extracts on the tested filamentous fungi depended on the dose. An inhibitory effect of 50–56% on fungi wa...